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... change its magnitude. And, the bigger the field at the position of the probe, the bigger the frequency shift. Hence, the space profile of the microwave electric field within the chamber cavity can be examined. Measurements have been made in two vertical planes, perpendicular to each other: the plane ...
12.1 Introducing Current electricity
12.1 Introducing Current electricity

... For electron to go through each lamp only half of the electric potential energy gets converted into light and heat. Since only half gets converted though each lamp, the voltage drop across each lamp is half the voltage drop across the battery ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)

... load. The source current has a minimum rms value that transfers the same energy as the original load current that produce the average real power p. This is the best compensation that can be made from the power-flow point of view, because it smoothes the power drawn from the generator system. Besides ...
Grade 9 Light-emitting diode
Grade 9 Light-emitting diode

... 1.1 The anode is positive and has a longer lead than the cathode. The cathode also has a ‘flat’ side on the rim of the lens. ...
Parallel Circuits
Parallel Circuits

... In figure 2, 10 V is applied across the 10Ω of R1, resulting in a current of 1 ampere being drawn from the battery through R1. Similarly the 10 volts applied to the 5Ω of R2 will cause 2 amperes to be drawn from the battery. The two branch currents in the circuit are then 1 ampere and 2 amperes. The ...
A. Design for Dual-/Multi
A. Design for Dual-/Multi

Chapter 25 Current Resistance, and Electromotive Force 1 Current
Chapter 25 Current Resistance, and Electromotive Force 1 Current

... energy equal to qVab . The potential energy decreases as the charge “falls” from potential Va to a lower potential Vb . However, the moving charge does not gain kinetic energy (because there is conservation of charge and flux –current is constant). In electric circuits we are more interested in the ...
TPS2331 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
TPS2331 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... ENABLE or ENABLE – ENABLE for TPS2330 is active-low. ENABLE for TPS2331 is active-high. When the controller is enabled, GATE voltage powers up to turn on the external MOSFETs. When the ENABLE pin is pulled high for TPS2330 or the ENABLE pin is pulled low for TPS2331 for more than 50 µs, the gate of ...
MB15F74UL
MB15F74UL

... The intermittent mode control circuit reduces the PLL power consumption. By setting the PS pin low, the device enters into the power saving mode, reducing the current consumption. See the Electrical Characteristics chart for the specific value. The phase detector output, Do, becomes high impedance. ...
MAX1553 Evaluation Kit - Part Number Search
MAX1553 Evaluation Kit - Part Number Search

... Evaluating the MAX1553 Shutdown To place the part in low-power shutdown mode, short pins 1-2 of JU2. For normal operation, short pins 2-3 of JU2. Controlling LED Intensity LED intensity can be controlled using the BRT1 input. BRT1 can be used either as an analog or digital input. When using BRT1, re ...
EVALUATION AND DESIGN SUPPORT
EVALUATION AND DESIGN SUPPORT

... VGAs and modern ADCs have much greater functionality than the conventional op amps used with early ADC designs. In the VGA used in this example, gain is controlled externally. Pins are provided for selecting between gain values mapped for 10-bit or 12-bit converters, and the impedance of the low noi ...
LTC3522
LTC3522

... remain at constant frequency operation until its minimum on-time is reached. The buck-boost converter will remain in PWM mode at all load currents. GND (Pin 3): Small-Signal Ground Used as a Ground Reference for the Internal Circuitry of the LTC3522. PGOOD2 (Pin 4): This pin is an open-drain output ...
CMOS Differential Amplifier with Active Load: CMRR and Mismatch
CMOS Differential Amplifier with Active Load: CMRR and Mismatch

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MAX17597 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: MAX17597 in a Step-Up (Boost) Configuration General Description

... The EV kit features a UVLO and OVI circuit that prevent operation below the programmed input-supply startup voltage and above the overvoltage threshold. Resistors R5–R7 set the undervoltage and overvoltage thresholds. The circuit undervoltage and overvoltage thresholds are set at 7.5V (typ) and 15V ...


... hooking the orange wires to a post (making sure the brown wire remains connected to an orange wire) but beware that they share the same power output as the 5 volt, and thus you must not exceed the total power output of these two outputs. To get more room you can mount the fan on the outside of the P ...
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Static CMOS Gates

... • Series transistors: Increase W to reduce Reff. • Parallel transistors: assume the worst case, i.e. only one of the parallel transistor is ON. ...
Chapter 9 – Network Theorems
Chapter 9 – Network Theorems

LM2576 3.0 A, 15 V, Step−Down Switching Regulator
LM2576 3.0 A, 15 V, Step−Down Switching Regulator

... switching regulator (buck converter). All circuits of this series are capable of driving a 3.0 A load with excellent line and load regulation. These devices are available in fixed output voltages of 3.3 V, 5.0 V, 12 V, 15 V, and an adjustable output version. These regulators were designed to minimiz ...
SolarElectricKits - Electrical and Computer Engineering
SolarElectricKits - Electrical and Computer Engineering

Chapter 9 – Network Theorems
Chapter 9 – Network Theorems

... The total power delivered to a resistive element must be determined using the total current through or the total voltage across the element and cannot be determined by a simple sum of the power levels established by each source. ...
Maximum Power Point - Penn State Public Broadcasting
Maximum Power Point - Penn State Public Broadcasting

... o A voltage potential can be though of as the potential energy released when a unit charge moves “downhill” from the higher to lower potential. It is important to think of a voltage potential between or across two points in a circuit. Often a voltage potential is measured in reference to a single co ...
alternating current
alternating current

... (b) The variation with time t of the current I in the resistor is given by I  I o sin t . On Fig. 5.2, sketch the variation with time t of the power P dissipated in the resistor from t  0 to t  0.020 s. ...
Mini8 ® Controller
Mini8 ® Controller

... Using a PC tool, recipes can be created that can be used to change the operating parameters of the Mini8 controller simply by selecting a new recipe via the HMI. This is very useful where multiple products are processed using the same controller but require different parameters to be set. ...
SBS 1.1-COMPLIANT GAS GAUGE AND
SBS 1.1-COMPLIANT GAS GAUGE AND

... protection IC is a single IC solution designed for battery-pack or in-system installation. The bq20z75 measures and maintains an accurate record of available charge in Li-ion or Li-polymer batteries using its integrated high-performance analog peripherals, monitors capacity change, battery impedance ...
Chapter 28
Chapter 28

... during the other half the energy is returned to the circuit • In an inductor, the source does work against the back emf of the inductor and energy is stored in the inductor, but when the current begins to decrease in the circuit, the energy is returned to the circuit ...
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Switched-mode power supply



A switched-mode power supply (switching-mode power supply, switch-mode power supply, SMPS, or switcher) is an electronic power supply that incorporates a switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently. Like other power supplies, an SMPS transfers power from a source, like mains power, to a load, such as a personal computer, while converting voltage and current characteristics. Unlike a linear power supply, the pass transistor of a switching-mode supply continually switches between low-dissipation, full-on and full-off states, and spends very little time in the high dissipation transitions, which minimizes wasted energy. Ideally, a switched-mode power supply dissipates no power. Voltage regulation is achieved by varying the ratio of on-to-off time. In contrast, a linear power supply regulates the output voltage by continually dissipating power in the pass transistor. This higher power conversion efficiency is an important advantage of a switched-mode power supply. Switched-mode power supplies may also be substantially smaller and lighter than a linear supply due to the smaller transformer size and weight.Switching regulators are used as replacements for linear regulators when higher efficiency, smaller size or lighter weight are required. They are, however, more complicated; their switching currents can cause electrical noise problems if not carefully suppressed, and simple designs may have a poor power factor.
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