Teacher`s Guide - Discovery Education
... 1. How could you use the theory of plate tectonics to explain how a typical volcano works? 2. Explain how heat built up when Earth first formed. Speculate on how it might be sustained. 3. Hawaiian volcanoes produce two types of the same variety of lava. Pahoehoe is smooth and ropy; aa is chunky. For ...
... 1. How could you use the theory of plate tectonics to explain how a typical volcano works? 2. Explain how heat built up when Earth first formed. Speculate on how it might be sustained. 3. Hawaiian volcanoes produce two types of the same variety of lava. Pahoehoe is smooth and ropy; aa is chunky. For ...
RNDr. Aleš Špičák, CSc. - Sopečná činnost
... Before Yellowstone Large eruptions above the Yellowstone hot spot began about 16 million years ago, when present-day Idaho was above it. Since then, steady motion of the North American Plate has produced a trail of volcanoes that extends from southeastern Oregon to Yellowstone National Park nearly ...
... Before Yellowstone Large eruptions above the Yellowstone hot spot began about 16 million years ago, when present-day Idaho was above it. Since then, steady motion of the North American Plate has produced a trail of volcanoes that extends from southeastern Oregon to Yellowstone National Park nearly ...
Events at Askja volcano
... We were lucky to be with a Univ. of Iceland volcanologist (as our guide), because most tourists were prohibited from entering the crater. But with our hardhats and fluorescent vests and his persuasive ...
... We were lucky to be with a Univ. of Iceland volcanologist (as our guide), because most tourists were prohibited from entering the crater. But with our hardhats and fluorescent vests and his persuasive ...
Chapter 7 Volcanoes Notes
... i. A huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain ii. The hole is filled with pieces of the volcano that have fallen inward iii. Form when an enormous eruption empties the main vent and the magma chamber beneath a volcano causing the mountain to become hollow 1. The top of the mountain coll ...
... i. A huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain ii. The hole is filled with pieces of the volcano that have fallen inward iii. Form when an enormous eruption empties the main vent and the magma chamber beneath a volcano causing the mountain to become hollow 1. The top of the mountain coll ...
Hotspots, Shield Volcanoes and Supervolcanoes
... Yellowstone Supervolcano • In recent years it has been discovered that Yellowstone is one of a few known examples of a supervolcano. • A large part of the national park area is a giant crater formed by the last explosion 640,000 years ago. • It is so large that it can only be seen from space. • I ...
... Yellowstone Supervolcano • In recent years it has been discovered that Yellowstone is one of a few known examples of a supervolcano. • A large part of the national park area is a giant crater formed by the last explosion 640,000 years ago. • It is so large that it can only be seen from space. • I ...
Bill Menke answers questions about Mt Vesuvius
... suddenly erupts. Indeed, there may be several different reasons. Why did Vesuvius erupt in 79? No one has a clue! o We need to learn a lot more about volcanoes in general. Some experts have suggested that Vesuvius may be on a 2000-year cycle. Do you agree? o No. o The word ‘cycle’ implies predictabi ...
... suddenly erupts. Indeed, there may be several different reasons. Why did Vesuvius erupt in 79? No one has a clue! o We need to learn a lot more about volcanoes in general. Some experts have suggested that Vesuvius may be on a 2000-year cycle. Do you agree? o No. o The word ‘cycle’ implies predictabi ...
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS: MENKE
... suddenly erupts. Indeed, there may be several different reasons. Why did Vesuvius erupt in 79? No one has a clue! o We need to learn a lot more about volcanoes in general. Some experts have suggested that Vesuvius may be on a 2000-year cycle. Do you agree? o No. o The word ‘cycle’ implies predictabi ...
... suddenly erupts. Indeed, there may be several different reasons. Why did Vesuvius erupt in 79? No one has a clue! o We need to learn a lot more about volcanoes in general. Some experts have suggested that Vesuvius may be on a 2000-year cycle. Do you agree? o No. o The word ‘cycle’ implies predictabi ...
File
... o The rising magma gathers in an area known as the magma chamber, which is a weak portion of the overlying rock. From here, the magma will usually erupt to the surface, however, this does not always happen. o Usually before an eruption there will be a growing bulge either on the surface where the ma ...
... o The rising magma gathers in an area known as the magma chamber, which is a weak portion of the overlying rock. From here, the magma will usually erupt to the surface, however, this does not always happen. o Usually before an eruption there will be a growing bulge either on the surface where the ma ...
Chapter 8 section 2
... more water, which turns to steam. Steam produces tremendous pressure in thick, silica-rich magma. When enough pressure builds up, an eruption occurs. ...
... more water, which turns to steam. Steam produces tremendous pressure in thick, silica-rich magma. When enough pressure builds up, an eruption occurs. ...
Tick, Tick, Boom Danger Zone
... scientist use monitoring methods. They look out for warning signs such as gases from magma rising from deep within the volcanoes. They also look out for swelling in the volcano’s slope and earthquakes. Although these warning signs aren’t always the best way to predict a volcano’s next eruption scien ...
... scientist use monitoring methods. They look out for warning signs such as gases from magma rising from deep within the volcanoes. They also look out for swelling in the volcano’s slope and earthquakes. Although these warning signs aren’t always the best way to predict a volcano’s next eruption scien ...
Lahar in a jar - PRA Classical Academy for Homeschoolers
... temporarily, yet measurably, changed global temperatures. Scientists, however, at this time do not have the predictive ability to determine specific consequences or durations of possible global impacts from such large eruptions. Could the Yellowstone volcano have an eruption that is not catastrophic ...
... temporarily, yet measurably, changed global temperatures. Scientists, however, at this time do not have the predictive ability to determine specific consequences or durations of possible global impacts from such large eruptions. Could the Yellowstone volcano have an eruption that is not catastrophic ...
Triggering of volcanic eruptions: stress transfer by large earthquakes
... It is often said that large eruptions may trigger new volcanic eruptions. Previous studies using historical data as well as recent observation results indicate that volcanic eruptions likely occur within a few days of the occurrence of large earthquakes locating close to the volcanoes (e.g., Linde a ...
... It is often said that large eruptions may trigger new volcanic eruptions. Previous studies using historical data as well as recent observation results indicate that volcanic eruptions likely occur within a few days of the occurrence of large earthquakes locating close to the volcanoes (e.g., Linde a ...
Igneous Rock
... Latin word for “_________”. Magma cools into different types of igneous rock depending on the ______________ of the magma and how long it takes the magma to solidify. Magma “freezes” or solidifies between ______°C and _________°C. Three ways magma can form: o _______________ in temperature o ___ ...
... Latin word for “_________”. Magma cools into different types of igneous rock depending on the ______________ of the magma and how long it takes the magma to solidify. Magma “freezes” or solidifies between ______°C and _________°C. Three ways magma can form: o _______________ in temperature o ___ ...
Magma
... • Deuteric alteration – Occurs as materials cool after emplacement • Hydrous minerals may decompose – Due to reduction in pressure – Fe-Ti dusty rims on reddish pseudomorphs ...
... • Deuteric alteration – Occurs as materials cool after emplacement • Hydrous minerals may decompose – Due to reduction in pressure – Fe-Ti dusty rims on reddish pseudomorphs ...
Constructive and Destructive Forces - Matthew H.
... Composite volcanoes have explosive eruptions. They have wide and steep slopes. Alternating layers of lava and ash create steep slopes. This type of volcano is a constructive volcano. Ashflow Caldera volcanoes are also known as supervolcanoes because they are the most violent and powerful volcanoes. ...
... Composite volcanoes have explosive eruptions. They have wide and steep slopes. Alternating layers of lava and ash create steep slopes. This type of volcano is a constructive volcano. Ashflow Caldera volcanoes are also known as supervolcanoes because they are the most violent and powerful volcanoes. ...
Volcano Lesson
... The essential feature of a composite volcano is a conduit system through which magma from a reservoir deep in the Earth's crust rises to the surface. The volcano is built up by the accumulation of material erupted through the conduit and increases in size as lava, cinders, ash, etc., are added to it ...
... The essential feature of a composite volcano is a conduit system through which magma from a reservoir deep in the Earth's crust rises to the surface. The volcano is built up by the accumulation of material erupted through the conduit and increases in size as lava, cinders, ash, etc., are added to it ...
Ch 10 Fall 2014
... •Pipe is connected to the magma chamber •Cinder cone volcanoes are easily eroded •Sometimes leaving crystallized magma behind known as a neck ...
... •Pipe is connected to the magma chamber •Cinder cone volcanoes are easily eroded •Sometimes leaving crystallized magma behind known as a neck ...
Learning session 3: Volcanoes
... formation of earth’s landscape? Co-construct some possible outcomes to share with the class. You may wish to develop models to support your theories. Students may be encouraged to explore the emergence of volcanoes, as the tectonic plate boundaries enable the magma to escape. ...
... formation of earth’s landscape? Co-construct some possible outcomes to share with the class. You may wish to develop models to support your theories. Students may be encouraged to explore the emergence of volcanoes, as the tectonic plate boundaries enable the magma to escape. ...
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone
... but instead forms a caldera. A caldera volcano is so explosive that their single powerful eruption causes the crust to collapse into the partially emptied magma chamber, leaving a caldera, or very large, basin-shaped crater. Yellowstone was a caldera type volcano. (3) In the 1960s, NASA had taken hi ...
... but instead forms a caldera. A caldera volcano is so explosive that their single powerful eruption causes the crust to collapse into the partially emptied magma chamber, leaving a caldera, or very large, basin-shaped crater. Yellowstone was a caldera type volcano. (3) In the 1960s, NASA had taken hi ...
Lecture_Ch06 - earthjay science
... • trapped in oceanic crust and sediments • in the mantle, the oceanic plate recrystallizes, releases water and other volatiles, such as carbon dioxide • these rise into the overlying mantle and lower its melting point • overlying mantle begins to melt producing mafic (basaltic) magma • BUT the magma ...
... • trapped in oceanic crust and sediments • in the mantle, the oceanic plate recrystallizes, releases water and other volatiles, such as carbon dioxide • these rise into the overlying mantle and lower its melting point • overlying mantle begins to melt producing mafic (basaltic) magma • BUT the magma ...
How Does Earth Work?
... Mt. Fuji, Japan – A classic example of a dacite to andesite composition composite volcano – often called a stratovolcano. These are built up from explosive and effusive eruptions producing alternating layers of pyroclastic rocks and lava flows. ...
... Mt. Fuji, Japan – A classic example of a dacite to andesite composition composite volcano – often called a stratovolcano. These are built up from explosive and effusive eruptions producing alternating layers of pyroclastic rocks and lava flows. ...
Chapter 1 Study Questions
... Chapter 2 Study Questions 1. Review section 2.1 on volcano distributions in different tectonic settings. Know the italicized terms. 2. Describe and compare and contrast – thoellites and alkali basalt. Which rock types are most important? 3. Explain concept of incompatible elements. 4. Explain fracti ...
... Chapter 2 Study Questions 1. Review section 2.1 on volcano distributions in different tectonic settings. Know the italicized terms. 2. Describe and compare and contrast – thoellites and alkali basalt. Which rock types are most important? 3. Explain concept of incompatible elements. 4. Explain fracti ...
Volcanology of Io
Volcanology of Io, a moon of Jupiter, is the scientific study of lava flows, volcanic pits, and volcanism (volcanic activity) on the surface of Io. Its volcanic activity was discovered in 1979 by Voyager 1 imaging scientist Linda Morabito. Observations of Io by passing spacecraft (the Voyagers, Galileo, Cassini, and New Horizons) and Earth-based astronomers have revealed more than 150 active volcanoes. Up to 400 such volcanoes are predicted to exist based on these observations. Io's volcanism makes the satellite one of only four known currently volcanically active worlds in the Solar System (the other three being Earth, Saturn's moon Enceladus, and Neptune's moon Triton).First predicted shortly before the Voyager 1 flyby, the heat source for Io's volcanism comes from tidal heating produced by its forced orbital eccentricity. This differs from Earth's internal heating, which is derived primarily from radioactive isotope decay and primordial heat of accretion. Io's eccentric orbit leads to a slight difference in Jupiter's gravitational pull on the satellite between its closest and farthest points on its orbit, causing a varying tidal bulge. This variation in the shape of Io causes frictional heating in its interior. Without this tidal heating, Io might have been similar to the Moon, a world of similar size and mass, geologically dead and covered with numerous impact craters.Io's volcanism has led to the formation of hundreds of volcanic centres and extensive lava formations, making it the most volcanically active body in the Solar System. Three different types of volcanic eruptions have been identified, differing in duration, intensity, lava effusion rate, and whether the eruption occurs within a volcanic pit (known as a patera). Lava flows on Io, tens or hundreds of kilometres long, have primarily basaltic composition, similar to lavas seen on Earth at shield volcanoes such as Kīlauea in Hawaii. Although most of the lava on Io is made of basalt, a few lava flows consisting of sulfur and sulfur dioxide have been seen. In addition, eruption temperatures as high as 1,600 K (1,300 °C; 2,400 °F) were detected, which can be explained by the eruption of high-temperature ultramafic silicate lavas.As a result of the presence of significant quantities of sulfurous materials in Io's crust and on its surface, some eruptions propel sulfur, sulfur dioxide gas, and pyroclastic material up to 500 kilometres (310 mi) into space, producing large, umbrella-shaped volcanic plumes. This material paints the surrounding terrain in red, black, and/or white, and provides material for Io's patchy atmosphere and Jupiter's extensive magnetosphere. Spacecraft that have flown by Io since 1979 have observed numerous surface changes as a result of Io's volcanic activity.