Does Government Expenditure Multiply Output
... implying that from step two onwards, the output response is hardly statistically significant. The numerical value of the multiplier is determined by applying the percentage changes derived from the IRF to the period average levels of GDP and government consumption. On impact (i.e. at step 0), GDP i ...
... implying that from step two onwards, the output response is hardly statistically significant. The numerical value of the multiplier is determined by applying the percentage changes derived from the IRF to the period average levels of GDP and government consumption. On impact (i.e. at step 0), GDP i ...
ECON 7020-001 Macroeconomic Theory I
... given during extended class hours. Time and place will be announced. Each exam will have two questions and each question will take approximately one hour to answer. The final examination is scheduled to be held on Tuesday, December 19 from 7:30 p.m. until 10:30 p.m. The final will be comprehensive a ...
... given during extended class hours. Time and place will be announced. Each exam will have two questions and each question will take approximately one hour to answer. The final examination is scheduled to be held on Tuesday, December 19 from 7:30 p.m. until 10:30 p.m. The final will be comprehensive a ...
Macro-economics of balance-sheet problems and the
... replaces the LM-curve, and it is extended with a Philips-curve to describe short-run aggregate supply. The analysis demonstrates that economies may end up in a stagnation trap if their balance-sheet problems are large enough, or when a liquidity trap persists over a long period of time. This paper a ...
... replaces the LM-curve, and it is extended with a Philips-curve to describe short-run aggregate supply. The analysis demonstrates that economies may end up in a stagnation trap if their balance-sheet problems are large enough, or when a liquidity trap persists over a long period of time. This paper a ...
discussion document for the ict smmes workshop
... In past years, the South African Electronics Manufacturing Industry has been shrinking due to pressure from imports of cheaply made and, in some cases, dumped electronic goods. This has resulted in a loss of South African jobs, the closing of assembly lines and production plants. 45 A study by Acces ...
... In past years, the South African Electronics Manufacturing Industry has been shrinking due to pressure from imports of cheaply made and, in some cases, dumped electronic goods. This has resulted in a loss of South African jobs, the closing of assembly lines and production plants. 45 A study by Acces ...
Chapter 1 MEASURING GDP AND PRICE LEVEL
... among different years does not give us the actual picture of the performance of the economy. Using nominal GDP GDP,, we can measure the changes in the cost of living due to the ...
... among different years does not give us the actual picture of the performance of the economy. Using nominal GDP GDP,, we can measure the changes in the cost of living due to the ...
The economic impact of the UK Maritime Services Sector: Business
... ONS’ analytical input-output tables, to Wei’s (2014) estimates of revenue for each industry . The estimate of gross value added was created by summing the estimates of employee compensation and industry profits. Oxford Economics’ estimates suggest that in 2013 the maritime business services sector m ...
... ONS’ analytical input-output tables, to Wei’s (2014) estimates of revenue for each industry . The estimate of gross value added was created by summing the estimates of employee compensation and industry profits. Oxford Economics’ estimates suggest that in 2013 the maritime business services sector m ...
Mod 6.1: Monetary Policy
... through open market operations. In open market operations, the central bank either sells or buys U.S. government securities from its member banks. The banks, as part of the system, are obliged to enter these transactions. If banks buy securities from the central bank, they with money, thus, taking m ...
... through open market operations. In open market operations, the central bank either sells or buys U.S. government securities from its member banks. The banks, as part of the system, are obliged to enter these transactions. If banks buy securities from the central bank, they with money, thus, taking m ...
Evolving Comparative Advantage, Sectoral Linkages, and Structural
... economies where industry’s share has increased. Meanwhile, technological advancements in manufacturing processes via automation provide an additional explanation for the decline in industry’s share in employment and, hence, value added. I construct a three-sector, multi-country, model of structural ...
... economies where industry’s share has increased. Meanwhile, technological advancements in manufacturing processes via automation provide an additional explanation for the decline in industry’s share in employment and, hence, value added. I construct a three-sector, multi-country, model of structural ...
evaluating qualitative forecasts: the fomc minutes, 2006-2010
... assesses the strength of the US economy. This quantitative index is supplemented with a textual analysis of the minutes to determine the information that the members of the FOMC considered in making their judgments. This paper makes three contributions to the forecasting literature. Two are methodo ...
... assesses the strength of the US economy. This quantitative index is supplemented with a textual analysis of the minutes to determine the information that the members of the FOMC considered in making their judgments. This paper makes three contributions to the forecasting literature. Two are methodo ...
Sample
... Answer: The relatively high unemployment rate in Spain is partly the result of a relatively large underground economy. The underground economy is that part of the economy not measured in official statistics. After taking into account those individuals who are "employed" in the underground economy, t ...
... Answer: The relatively high unemployment rate in Spain is partly the result of a relatively large underground economy. The underground economy is that part of the economy not measured in official statistics. After taking into account those individuals who are "employed" in the underground economy, t ...
Global best practice in productivity improvement – lessons
... students to study abroad and then return to work for the EDB Incentives for EDB employees are significant: financial incentives (15-50% of salary) and fast promotions The organisation is focused around seven vales: Care, Integrity, Team, Imagination, Courage, Excellence and Nation - losing a deal to ...
... students to study abroad and then return to work for the EDB Incentives for EDB employees are significant: financial incentives (15-50% of salary) and fast promotions The organisation is focused around seven vales: Care, Integrity, Team, Imagination, Courage, Excellence and Nation - losing a deal to ...
Chapter 2 The Economic Problem: Scarcity, and Choice
... 55) Refer to Figure 2.5. The economy is currently at Point A. The opportunity cost of moving from Point A to Point B is the A) 60 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 10 additional laptop computers. B) 20 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 30 additional laptop computers. ...
... 55) Refer to Figure 2.5. The economy is currently at Point A. The opportunity cost of moving from Point A to Point B is the A) 60 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 10 additional laptop computers. B) 20 desktop computers that must be forgone to produce 30 additional laptop computers. ...
The contribution of tourism to the Greek economy in 2014
... the country originating from tourism. Another part of this expenditure is paid to foreign companies which then pay part of their income to serve their customers (e.g. for the staff they employ in Greece or for fees to handling companies). In order to determine the country's income from air and marit ...
... the country originating from tourism. Another part of this expenditure is paid to foreign companies which then pay part of their income to serve their customers (e.g. for the staff they employ in Greece or for fees to handling companies). In order to determine the country's income from air and marit ...
Regional recovery on track in Q3-2016
... early parliamentary elections in spring. Meanwhile, the IMF revised GDP growth to 3.3% in 2016, up from 3% seen in midSeptember and only 2.3% in the previous WEO report in spring. In Cyprus, two out of the three rating agencies -S&P and Fitchhave upgraded the sovereign rating by one notch in late Se ...
... early parliamentary elections in spring. Meanwhile, the IMF revised GDP growth to 3.3% in 2016, up from 3% seen in midSeptember and only 2.3% in the previous WEO report in spring. In Cyprus, two out of the three rating agencies -S&P and Fitchhave upgraded the sovereign rating by one notch in late Se ...
UK BUSINESS CONFIDENCE MONITOR REPORT Q4 2009
... Transport sectors reporting stocks of raw materials below normal levels has stabilised. With inventory levels low following months of de-stocking, there will be a boost to overall economic activity as firms ...
... Transport sectors reporting stocks of raw materials below normal levels has stabilised. With inventory levels low following months of de-stocking, there will be a boost to overall economic activity as firms ...
View/Open
... California has also been affected by base closures. In 1990, 15% of all U.S. DoD employees, 306 thousand people, worked in California (DoD Atlas, FY1991). The 1991 round of base closures cut 10% of these positions. California absorbed 54% of the national net loss of DoD military jobs and 55% of the ...
... California has also been affected by base closures. In 1990, 15% of all U.S. DoD employees, 306 thousand people, worked in California (DoD Atlas, FY1991). The 1991 round of base closures cut 10% of these positions. California absorbed 54% of the national net loss of DoD military jobs and 55% of the ...
Designing and Implementing Competition and Consumer Protection
... private ownership of interests in real estate, any effort to acquire land (either a fee simple interest or a long-term lease) and build permanent structures is beset with enormous uncertainty. In an environment of austere national resources, an argument could be made for subordinating the pursuit of ...
... private ownership of interests in real estate, any effort to acquire land (either a fee simple interest or a long-term lease) and build permanent structures is beset with enormous uncertainty. In an environment of austere national resources, an argument could be made for subordinating the pursuit of ...
Fiscal Volatility Shocks and Economic Activity
... In this paper, we evaluate one possible incarnation of the notion of fiscal uncertainty. We estimate fiscal rules for the United States that allow for temporary and smooth changes in the standard deviation of their innovations while keeping the rest of the fiscal rules’ parameters constant. Other sc ...
... In this paper, we evaluate one possible incarnation of the notion of fiscal uncertainty. We estimate fiscal rules for the United States that allow for temporary and smooth changes in the standard deviation of their innovations while keeping the rest of the fiscal rules’ parameters constant. Other sc ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DO CAPITAL ADEQUACY REQUIREMENTS MATTER FOR MONETARY POLICY?
... Central bankers know that Þnancial intermediation is important for achieving macroeconomic stability. Without a functioning banking system, an economy will grind to a halt. It is the job of regulators and supervisors to ensure that the Þnancial system functions smoothly. But monetary policy and prud ...
... Central bankers know that Þnancial intermediation is important for achieving macroeconomic stability. Without a functioning banking system, an economy will grind to a halt. It is the job of regulators and supervisors to ensure that the Þnancial system functions smoothly. But monetary policy and prud ...
Pure exchange economies
... all prices are variable (we model complete economies) and we take into account interactions between agents (unlike ...
... all prices are variable (we model complete economies) and we take into account interactions between agents (unlike ...
Economic Effects of Reductions in Defense Outlays Executive Summary by Benjamin Zycher
... to more productive uses as economic conditions change. Consider the market for any familiar good; the demand and supply of private security services is a good analogue. If the threat of crime declines we would expect a decline in the demand for private security services. A reduction in the quantity ...
... to more productive uses as economic conditions change. Consider the market for any familiar good; the demand and supply of private security services is a good analogue. If the threat of crime declines we would expect a decline in the demand for private security services. A reduction in the quantity ...
2014 Hyperinflation Report—Great Economic Tumble
... and new economic expansion in business activity—is a statistical illusion created by government statistical bureaus understating the pace of inflation in recent years. As will be discussed, underlying reality is an economy that plunged, stagnated at a low level of activity, and now is turning down a ...
... and new economic expansion in business activity—is a statistical illusion created by government statistical bureaus understating the pace of inflation in recent years. As will be discussed, underlying reality is an economy that plunged, stagnated at a low level of activity, and now is turning down a ...
Sense and Nonsense About Deflation
... general level of prices. This is an aspect of the recent discussion over the potential for deflation worldwide that tends to be lost in the debate. For at least three decades following the end of World War II, the main preoccupation of governments was to exploit the trade-off between inflation and u ...
... general level of prices. This is an aspect of the recent discussion over the potential for deflation worldwide that tends to be lost in the debate. For at least three decades following the end of World War II, the main preoccupation of governments was to exploit the trade-off between inflation and u ...
POPULATION AGING, MARGINAL PROPENSITY TO CONSUME
... The effects of population aging on an economy lie in many aspects, and its mechanisms are complex. Many researchers have undertaken in-depth study from different perspectives, mainly focusing on five mechanisms: Cutler et al. (1990) studied labor force supply; Bloom et al. (2010); Fougere and Merett ...
... The effects of population aging on an economy lie in many aspects, and its mechanisms are complex. Many researchers have undertaken in-depth study from different perspectives, mainly focusing on five mechanisms: Cutler et al. (1990) studied labor force supply; Bloom et al. (2010); Fougere and Merett ...