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QPrEST™—isotope-labeled multipeptide standards for
QPrEST™—isotope-labeled multipeptide standards for

... Mass spectrometry (MS) enables absolute quantification of endogenous proteins by the use of isotopelabeled standards as internal references. QPrEST standards, currently available for >13,000 human proteins, represent a novel class of recombinantly produced heavy isotope–labeled standards that are ad ...
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Site directed mutagenesis as an efficient way to enhance structural
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... is responsible for these two excitation peaks and it has just few advantages and many disadvantages for applications in developmental and cell biology (Tsien, 1998). In order to make this protein better suit as a maker of gene expression or protein localisation in developmental and cell biology, man ...
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Western Blot part 2_v2 - University of San Diego Home Pages
Western Blot part 2_v2 - University of San Diego Home Pages

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Protein microarrays
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... 8. (8 pts) Please answer one of the following three choices. Be sure to indicate your choice. Choice A: Briefly describe the major thermodynamic factor that destabilizes the native (folded) state of a protein. Use an equation if appropriate. Choice B: Explain what thermodynamic factor(s) are respons ...
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Protein folding



Protein folding is the process by which a protein structure assumes its functional shape or conformation. It is the physical process by which a polypeptide folds into its characteristic and functional three-dimensional structure from random coil.Each protein exists as an unfolded polypeptide or random coil when translated from a sequence of mRNA to a linear chain of amino acids. This polypeptide lacks any stable (long-lasting) three-dimensional structure (the left hand side of the first figure). Amino acids interact with each other to produce a well-defined three-dimensional structure, the folded protein (the right hand side of the figure), known as the native state. The resulting three-dimensional structure is determined by the amino acid sequence (Anfinsen's dogma). Experiments beginning in the 1980s indicate the codon for an amino acid can also influence protein structure.The correct three-dimensional structure is essential to function, although some parts of functional proteins may remain unfolded, so that protein dynamics is important. Failure to fold into native structure generally produces inactive proteins, but in some instances misfolded proteins have modified or toxic functionality. Several neurodegenerative and other diseases are believed to result from the accumulation of amyloid fibrils formed by misfolded proteins. Many allergies are caused by incorrect folding of some proteins, because the immune system does not produce antibodies for certain protein structures.
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