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10–2/2 Protocol
10–2/2 Protocol

... security and phone numbers). ...
English as a Universal Language
English as a Universal Language

... English is without a doubt the actual universal language. It is the world's second largest native language, the official language in 70 countries, and Englishspeaking countries are responsible for about 40% of world's total GNP. English can be at least understood almost everywhere among scholars and ...
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editorial introduction - Psychology of Language and Communication
editorial introduction - Psychology of Language and Communication

... firstly, from the perspectives of phylogenesis and ontogenesis, and secondly, in the light of the ontogenetic development of human beings. Acquisition of both spoken and sign language development is considered. The final article focuses on speech in adults and illustrates the differences between Wes ...
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... Naturally emerged in the fifteen century from a variety of regional dialects spoken by the court, merchants, agricultural and business areas of London and the East Midlands . In the sixteenth century, George Puttenham viewed that good English speech was spoken at court and by noblemen. It was influe ...
Anthropology 340 LANGUAGE AND CULTURE
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Statement of Grant Purpose Brian V. Souders, Estonia, English
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handout #1
handout #1

... speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English. Nevertheless, about half of the most commonly used Part of Beowulf, a poem written in Old English. words in Modern English have Old English roots. The words be, strong and water, for example, derive from Old English. Old English was ...
handout #1
handout #1

... speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English. Nevertheless, about half of the most commonly used Part of Beowulf, a poem written in Old English. words in Modern English have Old English roots. The words be, strong and water, for example, derive from Old English. Old English was ...
Pigdin Notes - Geoff Barton
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... Europe now has a status unmatched by any other language on earth. The question this raises – and one of the questions we’ll be addressing in this book – is how and why this dramatic shift took place. What happened to transform English from that small parochial language into the pre-eminent medium of ...
Chapter 4
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History of the English Language
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... – The English of the Bahamas has more in common with North American Englishes due to its place in history as a settler destination for AngloBahamian British loyalists who escaped the US after the Revolutionary War (Childs and Wolfram, 2008). – Boundaries with USA are less distinct, such as Gullah-sp ...
Topic 21
Topic 21

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PowerPoint Presentation - Language in Cognitive Science
PowerPoint Presentation - Language in Cognitive Science

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For Those Of You Who Don`t Ebonics
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... properly, so we should lower our standards for them." Rather we should be investing more money into such school systems to help these children learn English. Anyone disagree with that? ...
History of the English Language
History of the English Language

... The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages, which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English. Old English did not sound or look like English today. Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English. Nevertheless, about half of the most commonly u ...
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World Englishes

World Englishes is a term for emerging localized or indigenized varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in territories influenced by the United Kingdom or the United States. The study of World Englishes consists of identifying varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts globally and analyzing how sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and contexts of function influence the use of English in different regions of the world.The issue of World Englishes was first raised in 1978 to examine concepts of regional Englishes globally. Pragmatic factors such as appropriateness, comprehensibility and interpretability justified the use of English as an international and intra-national language. In 1988, at a Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) conference in Honolulu, Hawaii, the International Committee of the Study of World Englishes (ICWE) was formed. In 1992, the ICWE formally launched the International Association for World Englishes (IAWE) at a conference of ""World Englishes Today"", at the University of Illinois, USA. There is now an academic journal devoted to the study of this topic, titled World Englishes.Currently, there are approximately 75 territories where English is spoken either as a first language (L1) or as an unofficial or institutionalized second language (L2) in fields such as government, law and education. It is difficult to establish the total number of Englishes in the world, as new varieties of English are constantly being developed and discovered.
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