The Word Order of Estonian: Implications to Universal Language
... 1982), but the distinction of deep and surface structures is used much more broadly here for a good empirical reason. I try to explicate this. It is not hard to see that there are two types of principles or rules that influence the way languages linearise linguistic material. The one is grammatical ...
... 1982), but the distinction of deep and surface structures is used much more broadly here for a good empirical reason. I try to explicate this. It is not hard to see that there are two types of principles or rules that influence the way languages linearise linguistic material. The one is grammatical ...
A Cognitive Constructivist Approach to Early Syntax Acquisition
... to my parents, Christine and Jeffrey Ibbotson, who have provided endless support and unconditional love over many years. This thesis was supported by a bursary from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig. ...
... to my parents, Christine and Jeffrey Ibbotson, who have provided endless support and unconditional love over many years. This thesis was supported by a bursary from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig. ...
as Adobe PDF - Edinburgh Research Explorer
... Even putting to one side the dated expressions, it would be difficult to construct a single context in which all these words could be substituted for each other without altering the meaning or giving rise to pragmatic awkwardness. Context is the key for acceptability of synonym construal. Even the c ...
... Even putting to one side the dated expressions, it would be difficult to construct a single context in which all these words could be substituted for each other without altering the meaning or giving rise to pragmatic awkwardness. Context is the key for acceptability of synonym construal. Even the c ...
welsh joint education committee
... LG1: Introduction to the Language of Texts This was, on the whole, a successful unit which allowed candidates to demonstrate the full range of their knowledge and understanding. Most candidates were very well prepared, showing a sound understanding of the genre, audience and purposes of the texts i ...
... LG1: Introduction to the Language of Texts This was, on the whole, a successful unit which allowed candidates to demonstrate the full range of their knowledge and understanding. Most candidates were very well prepared, showing a sound understanding of the genre, audience and purposes of the texts i ...
Machine Learning of Text Analysis Rules for Clinical Records
... hospital discharge summaries. The problem of classifying phrases becomes even more difficult when no single word in isolation conveys the target concept. Examples of this are the phrase Òmenstrual irregularitiesÓ in sentence 3 and Òcigarette smokingÓ in sentence 4, both of which represent the concep ...
... hospital discharge summaries. The problem of classifying phrases becomes even more difficult when no single word in isolation conveys the target concept. Examples of this are the phrase Òmenstrual irregularitiesÓ in sentence 3 and Òcigarette smokingÓ in sentence 4, both of which represent the concep ...
The Exhibition Problem. A Real-life Example with
... Øyvind Eide Unit for Digital Documentation, University of Oslo ...
... Øyvind Eide Unit for Digital Documentation, University of Oslo ...
chapter ii theoretical background - IAIN SMH Banten Institutional
... used to replace a noun or another pronoun. The function of pronoun is to avoid repeating noun. Pronouns usually come after the noun they are replacing. In grammar, a pronoun is defined as a word or phrase that may be substituted for a noun or noun phrase, which once replaced, is known as the pronoun ...
... used to replace a noun or another pronoun. The function of pronoun is to avoid repeating noun. Pronouns usually come after the noun they are replacing. In grammar, a pronoun is defined as a word or phrase that may be substituted for a noun or noun phrase, which once replaced, is known as the pronoun ...
Accepted Version - Queen Mary University of London
... negative evidence, which is the absence of a construction in the input. Learning a mapping from sentences to grammaticality does not use assumptions about the distribution from which the observed sentences are drawn, so an absent sentence does not give any evidence that it is not grammatical. Thus, ...
... negative evidence, which is the absence of a construction in the input. Learning a mapping from sentences to grammaticality does not use assumptions about the distribution from which the observed sentences are drawn, so an absent sentence does not give any evidence that it is not grammatical. Thus, ...
Point Buoys
... Some instances of point buoys may at first look similar to fragment buoys, i.e. buoys that consist of the weak hand remaining from a two-handed sign. However, a thorough analysis reveals that they function differently. Whereas a fragment buoy represents the entity referred to by the preceding sign, ...
... Some instances of point buoys may at first look similar to fragment buoys, i.e. buoys that consist of the weak hand remaining from a two-handed sign. However, a thorough analysis reveals that they function differently. Whereas a fragment buoy represents the entity referred to by the preceding sign, ...
introduction to contrastive linguistics
... studies”, the former, as part of applied linguistics, especially when related to teaching, must necessarily depend not only on theoretical, descriptive, and comparative linguistics but also on other disciplines relevant to teaching; among them are psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, didactics, psyc ...
... studies”, the former, as part of applied linguistics, especially when related to teaching, must necessarily depend not only on theoretical, descriptive, and comparative linguistics but also on other disciplines relevant to teaching; among them are psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, didactics, psyc ...
it here - Susanne Vejdemo
... According to what parameters does a specific phenomenon vary across languages, in what patterns do these parameters (co-)occur? What generalisations can be made about attested vs. possible patterns? What is universal vs. language particular in a given phenomenon, what phenomena are frequent vs. rare ...
... According to what parameters does a specific phenomenon vary across languages, in what patterns do these parameters (co-)occur? What generalisations can be made about attested vs. possible patterns? What is universal vs. language particular in a given phenomenon, what phenomena are frequent vs. rare ...
web query structure: implications for ir system design
... The fourth category (13 of 511 queries) contains those expressions that contained a series of words of varying lexical categories and which defied syntactical categorization. The query "‘alicia silverstone’ cutest crush batgirl babysitter clueless" serves as a good, and one of the few non-x-rated, e ...
... The fourth category (13 of 511 queries) contains those expressions that contained a series of words of varying lexical categories and which defied syntactical categorization. The query "‘alicia silverstone’ cutest crush batgirl babysitter clueless" serves as a good, and one of the few non-x-rated, e ...
unif
... • Add new test to Completer operation – Recall: Completer adds new states to chart by finding states whose • can be advanced (i.e., category of next constituent matches that of completed constituent) – Now: Completer will only advance those states if their feature structures unify ...
... • Add new test to Completer operation – Recall: Completer adds new states to chart by finding states whose • can be advanced (i.e., category of next constituent matches that of completed constituent) – Now: Completer will only advance those states if their feature structures unify ...
Journal of Language Modelling 1
... Categories and infobox templates are two possible means of classifying Wikipedia articles. Both are language-specific and user-defined. No mechanism is provided for ensuring a compatibility of category hierarchies in different languages. As a result, a Polish entry and its English or French equivale ...
... Categories and infobox templates are two possible means of classifying Wikipedia articles. Both are language-specific and user-defined. No mechanism is provided for ensuring a compatibility of category hierarchies in different languages. As a result, a Polish entry and its English or French equivale ...
Translation of the predicative element of a sentence
... 2 Automatic translation in a rule-based transfer system Let us examine how to compute the translation of predicative elements in a transfer-based translation system and how it is actually handled in Eurotra. Only the design of the intermediary representations and the principles of the analysis, tran ...
... 2 Automatic translation in a rule-based transfer system Let us examine how to compute the translation of predicative elements in a transfer-based translation system and how it is actually handled in Eurotra. Only the design of the intermediary representations and the principles of the analysis, tran ...
Part-of-speech Tagging Using A Variable Memory Markov Model
... as w ) in the training text and C(w is the number of times wj occurs in the training text. However, some form of smoothing is necessary, since any new text will contain new words, for which C(wj ) is zero. Also, words that are rare will only occur with some of their possible parts of speech in the t ...
... as w ) in the training text and C(w is the number of times wj occurs in the training text. However, some form of smoothing is necessary, since any new text will contain new words, for which C(wj ) is zero. Also, words that are rare will only occur with some of their possible parts of speech in the t ...
Adverb - ZiyoNET
... of langue and parole in his formulation of structural linguistics. According to him, parole is the specific utterance of speech, whereas langue refers to an abstract phenomenon that theoretically defines the principles and system of rules that govern a language5. In classical Indian philosophy of la ...
... of langue and parole in his formulation of structural linguistics. According to him, parole is the specific utterance of speech, whereas langue refers to an abstract phenomenon that theoretically defines the principles and system of rules that govern a language5. In classical Indian philosophy of la ...
The constructionalization of body part terms in Arabic
... in grammar to promote the learner’s awareness and control over specific conceptual categories as they are linked to formal properties of language” (Negueruela and Lantolf 2006: 82). In this view, new concepts are not only explicit, but also “talked through” with the help of didactic models such as c ...
... in grammar to promote the learner’s awareness and control over specific conceptual categories as they are linked to formal properties of language” (Negueruela and Lantolf 2006: 82). In this view, new concepts are not only explicit, but also “talked through” with the help of didactic models such as c ...
YERPAl SEQUENCES; A GENERATIVE APPROACH
... (24) a. (?) 1 believe John to be often sarcastic b. *J believe John to sound often sarcastic c. The English were then said to have never had it so good d. (?) John is said to be seldom on time at his appointments e. *John is saidtearrive seldom on time at his appointments ...
... (24) a. (?) 1 believe John to be often sarcastic b. *J believe John to sound often sarcastic c. The English were then said to have never had it so good d. (?) John is said to be seldom on time at his appointments e. *John is saidtearrive seldom on time at his appointments ...
Aalborg Universitet Socio-cognitive salience and the role of the local
... in grammar to promote the learner’s awareness and control over specific conceptual categories as they are linked to formal properties of language” (Negueruela and Lantolf 2006: 82). In this view, new concepts are not only explicit, but also “talked through” with the help of didactic models such as c ...
... in grammar to promote the learner’s awareness and control over specific conceptual categories as they are linked to formal properties of language” (Negueruela and Lantolf 2006: 82). In this view, new concepts are not only explicit, but also “talked through” with the help of didactic models such as c ...
Tigris and Euphrastes - a comparison between human and machine
... naked idea N1.give. This, however is analysable farther to N2.cause N2.pertain with suitable syntactic bonding, where cause and pertain are catchwords for the corresponding general concepts. It is possible to analyse further, but in the present context it is doubtful if this would serve a useful pur ...
... naked idea N1.give. This, however is analysable farther to N2.cause N2.pertain with suitable syntactic bonding, where cause and pertain are catchwords for the corresponding general concepts. It is possible to analyse further, but in the present context it is doubtful if this would serve a useful pur ...
The Linguistic Features of Newspapers Headlines
... our modern societies. It is the great shaper of public opinion that can affect our world either positively or negatively. Newspapers as a type of media text are considered as a credible and authoritative source of local, national and international information that have immediate concerns for every r ...
... our modern societies. It is the great shaper of public opinion that can affect our world either positively or negatively. Newspapers as a type of media text are considered as a credible and authoritative source of local, national and international information that have immediate concerns for every r ...
hierarchical lexical structure and interpretive mapping in machine
... mapping types to create any alternative readings of the lexical item. Simply speaking, the inheritance methods must recreate the explicit structure that is implicit in the inheritance hierarchy when it is necessary to represent distinct mappings for verbs at system run-time. An example of how inheri ...
... mapping types to create any alternative readings of the lexical item. Simply speaking, the inheritance methods must recreate the explicit structure that is implicit in the inheritance hierarchy when it is necessary to represent distinct mappings for verbs at system run-time. An example of how inheri ...
Book of abstracts: General session part 1: Authors AL
... in grammar to promote the learner’s awareness and control over specific conceptual categories as they are linked to formal properties of language” (Negueruela and Lantolf 2006: 82). In this view, new concepts are not only explicit, but also “talked through” with the help of didactic models such as c ...
... in grammar to promote the learner’s awareness and control over specific conceptual categories as they are linked to formal properties of language” (Negueruela and Lantolf 2006: 82). In this view, new concepts are not only explicit, but also “talked through” with the help of didactic models such as c ...
Mediating Ideas in an Agent-based Team for Business Process Reengineering: Toward a Linguistic Ontology
... BPR ontology describes the BPR specific terms and methodology (e.g. concepts for TQM statistical diagrams description and interpretation, for the diagram creation/ modification, for the implementation of the methodology steps, etc). BPR ontology is predefined and should be logically correlated with ...
... BPR ontology describes the BPR specific terms and methodology (e.g. concepts for TQM statistical diagrams description and interpretation, for the diagram creation/ modification, for the implementation of the methodology steps, etc). BPR ontology is predefined and should be logically correlated with ...