Geometrical aspects of local gauge symmetry - Philsci
... ~ on R3 − 0. But it is possible define a vector potential A ~ on U = R3 − D, where D is a Dirac string, a continuous to define such field A curve starting at the origin and going to infinity. If we choose two strings D− ~ on R3 − 0. What is interesting and D+ , the two vector potentials defined A ~+ ...
... ~ on R3 − 0. But it is possible define a vector potential A ~ on U = R3 − D, where D is a Dirac string, a continuous to define such field A curve starting at the origin and going to infinity. If we choose two strings D− ~ on R3 − 0. What is interesting and D+ , the two vector potentials defined A ~+ ...
Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics Peter Prešnajder
... Here, ΛT is the transposed matrix of the matrix Λ. Such matrices form a Lie group, called Lorentz group. The elements of the Lorentz group which can be expressed in exponential form Λ = exp (−iωJ) ...
... Here, ΛT is the transposed matrix of the matrix Λ. Such matrices form a Lie group, called Lorentz group. The elements of the Lorentz group which can be expressed in exponential form Λ = exp (−iωJ) ...
1 GAUGE GRAVITY AND THE UNIFICATION OF NATURAL
... 1. Introduction.1 If we ask what reality would be if the current theories of physics are true or approximately true or, at least, on the right track, an answer from the physics community may roughly run as follows. The physical world -- in the broadest sense of 'physical' -- consists of matter in sp ...
... 1. Introduction.1 If we ask what reality would be if the current theories of physics are true or approximately true or, at least, on the right track, an answer from the physics community may roughly run as follows. The physical world -- in the broadest sense of 'physical' -- consists of matter in sp ...
![arXiv:1203.2158v1 [hep-th] 9 Mar 2012 The “tetrad only” theory](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016613184_1-9fc43c0ba152dfbab9c386708b4475ee-300x300.png)
arXiv:1203.2158v1 [hep-th] 9 Mar 2012 The “tetrad only” theory
... In the traditional approach of “quantizing” a known classical system more input than the field equations, such as the Lagrangian is needed, so that classically equivalent theories might possibly give rise to inequivalent quantum theories. Among those, at most one can be “correct”, in the sense of be ...
... In the traditional approach of “quantizing” a known classical system more input than the field equations, such as the Lagrangian is needed, so that classically equivalent theories might possibly give rise to inequivalent quantum theories. Among those, at most one can be “correct”, in the sense of be ...
Quantum Field Theory on Curved Backgrounds. II
... (OS) positivity [16, 17] and analytic continuation. On a curved background, there may be no proper definition of time-translation and no Hamiltonian; thus, the mathematical framework of Euclidean quantum field theory may break down. However, on static space-times there is a Hamiltonian and it makes ...
... (OS) positivity [16, 17] and analytic continuation. On a curved background, there may be no proper definition of time-translation and no Hamiltonian; thus, the mathematical framework of Euclidean quantum field theory may break down. However, on static space-times there is a Hamiltonian and it makes ...
10 Supersymmetric gauge dynamics: N = 1 10.1 Confinement and
... where ⇠ 1/M 2 , with M being some intrinsic mass scale of the theory, and traces on flavor indices are understood. At low momenta only the first term contributes and we then get a definite prediction for mesons scattering amplitudes, in terms of a single parameter f⇡ . Now, quarks are not exactly ...
... where ⇠ 1/M 2 , with M being some intrinsic mass scale of the theory, and traces on flavor indices are understood. At low momenta only the first term contributes and we then get a definite prediction for mesons scattering amplitudes, in terms of a single parameter f⇡ . Now, quarks are not exactly ...
Slides
... • His argument is based on F. Strocchi and A.S. Wightman’s theory and this theory is limited to the extended Lorentz gauge and so at most only true for very limited gauge transformations. • Our gauge invariant momentum and angular momentum operator reduce to the canonical one in physical gauge, i.e. ...
... • His argument is based on F. Strocchi and A.S. Wightman’s theory and this theory is limited to the extended Lorentz gauge and so at most only true for very limited gauge transformations. • Our gauge invariant momentum and angular momentum operator reduce to the canonical one in physical gauge, i.e. ...
Collapse and Revival in the Jaynes-Cummings
... More well-defined envelopes for large mean photon number. ...
... More well-defined envelopes for large mean photon number. ...
Postprint
... where u is a formal variable of degree 2. In other words S is a Maurer-Cartan element in the differential graded (dg) Lie algebra (OM [[u]][1], u∆, { , }). The Grothendieck-Teichmüller group GRT1 is a pro-unipotent group introduced by Drinfeld in [Dr]; we denote its Lie algebra by grt1 . In this pa ...
... where u is a formal variable of degree 2. In other words S is a Maurer-Cartan element in the differential graded (dg) Lie algebra (OM [[u]][1], u∆, { , }). The Grothendieck-Teichmüller group GRT1 is a pro-unipotent group introduced by Drinfeld in [Dr]; we denote its Lie algebra by grt1 . In this pa ...
Gauge Theories of the Strong and Electroweak Interactions
... There is no mixing between the Lagrangians for electroweak and strong interactions, therefore, we do not speak of a unification of these interactions. The theoretical predictions of the Standard Model are so far consistent with the experimental results. Common to all parts of the Standard Model are ...
... There is no mixing between the Lagrangians for electroweak and strong interactions, therefore, we do not speak of a unification of these interactions. The theoretical predictions of the Standard Model are so far consistent with the experimental results. Common to all parts of the Standard Model are ...
Quantum orders in an exact soluble model
... are described by their ground state wave functions which are complex functions of infinite variables. Thus it is not surprising that FQH states contain addition structures (or a new kind of orders) that cannot be described by broken symmetries and the Landau’s theory. From this point of view, we see ...
... are described by their ground state wave functions which are complex functions of infinite variables. Thus it is not surprising that FQH states contain addition structures (or a new kind of orders) that cannot be described by broken symmetries and the Landau’s theory. From this point of view, we see ...
Slides
... thermal field theories and fluctuations of black holes This connection allows us to compute transport coefficients for these theories At the moment, this method is the only theoretical tool available to study the near-equilibrium regime of strongly coupled thermal field theories ...
... thermal field theories and fluctuations of black holes This connection allows us to compute transport coefficients for these theories At the moment, this method is the only theoretical tool available to study the near-equilibrium regime of strongly coupled thermal field theories ...
Higher Spin Theories and Holography
... may hope that due to the infinite dimensional gauge symmetry, it could perhaps define a fully consistent, finite model of quantum gravity. • Maybe describing a highly symmetric phase of space-time (early universe?). Would need to understand how to break the higher spin symmetries. ...
... may hope that due to the infinite dimensional gauge symmetry, it could perhaps define a fully consistent, finite model of quantum gravity. • Maybe describing a highly symmetric phase of space-time (early universe?). Would need to understand how to break the higher spin symmetries. ...
... Eq. (2) one finds that A commutes with H and, therefore, if A does not depend on the time, then A is conserved. It should be pointed out that Refs. 8 and 9 also consider the Galilean transformations, which are related to a constant of motion that depends explicitly on the time (see Sec. 3.1, below). ...
Gauge Theory and the Jones Polynomial
... It is a fact that the vector spaces Z(M ) for M are always finite-dimensional. So, we see that the axioms of an n-dimensional TQFT automatically spit out a lot of interesting information about smooth manifolds. For n manifolds, we get an invariant, and for (n − 1)-manifolds M , we get a finite-dimen ...
... It is a fact that the vector spaces Z(M ) for M are always finite-dimensional. So, we see that the axioms of an n-dimensional TQFT automatically spit out a lot of interesting information about smooth manifolds. For n manifolds, we get an invariant, and for (n − 1)-manifolds M , we get a finite-dimen ...
Progress In N=2 Field Theory
... What Else Can N=2 Do For You? Has also led to developments solving problems of purely mathematical interest: Two Examples: The genus of a smoothly embedded connected curve in ...
... What Else Can N=2 Do For You? Has also led to developments solving problems of purely mathematical interest: Two Examples: The genus of a smoothly embedded connected curve in ...
Seiberg-Witten Theory and Calogero
... representation R of G, subject to the constraint of asymptotic freedom or conformal invariance. With the correspondence between Seiberg-Witten curves and the spectral curves of classical mechanics integrable systems, 3) this problem is equivalent to determining a general integrable system, associate ...
... representation R of G, subject to the constraint of asymptotic freedom or conformal invariance. With the correspondence between Seiberg-Witten curves and the spectral curves of classical mechanics integrable systems, 3) this problem is equivalent to determining a general integrable system, associate ...
Deconfined Quantum Criticality
... time are connected in phase transition. This exponent characterizes an temporal length scale, in addition to the divergent length scale in the classical system. This equivalence can be clearly understood by looking at the quantum partition function. By mapping the temperature of the system to the im ...
... time are connected in phase transition. This exponent characterizes an temporal length scale, in addition to the divergent length scale in the classical system. This equivalence can be clearly understood by looking at the quantum partition function. By mapping the temperature of the system to the im ...
Chapter 4: Symmetries
... the equations of motion to other solutions. Hence they can be used to generate a whole class of solutions from a single one. We shall discuss the action of various types of symmetries, their groups and representations, and the resulting conserved charges via Noether’s theorem. Most of the discussion ...
... the equations of motion to other solutions. Hence they can be used to generate a whole class of solutions from a single one. We shall discuss the action of various types of symmetries, their groups and representations, and the resulting conserved charges via Noether’s theorem. Most of the discussion ...