2006 Feline Vaccine Guidelines - American Association of Feline
... neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition, or ELISA techniques can be used to predict resistance to both infection and disease.18-21 Results of 2 studies20,21 indicate that all cats with antibodies against FPV as a result of vaccination within the previous 7 years were protected against the USDA c ...
... neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition, or ELISA techniques can be used to predict resistance to both infection and disease.18-21 Results of 2 studies20,21 indicate that all cats with antibodies against FPV as a result of vaccination within the previous 7 years were protected against the USDA c ...
What We Learn About Smallpox from Movies - Fact
... The rate of transmission portrayed in the movie is on the extreme end and would greatly increase the number of people infected and the speed with which great numbers of people would be infected. In the movie, one person infected 20 people, who then infected 20 others, and so on. In a case such as th ...
... The rate of transmission portrayed in the movie is on the extreme end and would greatly increase the number of people infected and the speed with which great numbers of people would be infected. In the movie, one person infected 20 people, who then infected 20 others, and so on. In a case such as th ...
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS, VACCINES AND PROTECTION FROM
... HPV is a small, double-helical, non-enveloped deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus that infects mucous surfaces and skin. HPV genotypes can be divided into ‘high-risk’ and ‘lowrisk’ groups associated with their potential to develop cervical cancer. HPV causes a noncytopathic, non-systemic infection tha ...
... HPV is a small, double-helical, non-enveloped deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) virus that infects mucous surfaces and skin. HPV genotypes can be divided into ‘high-risk’ and ‘lowrisk’ groups associated with their potential to develop cervical cancer. HPV causes a noncytopathic, non-systemic infection tha ...
Non-specific, B-cells, T
... Vaccines work via memory B-cells that make the response to a second exposure more rapid Fig 43.15 ...
... Vaccines work via memory B-cells that make the response to a second exposure more rapid Fig 43.15 ...
Pathogen evolution and the immunological niche
... identify where phenotypic change may be limited by functional constraints. ...
... identify where phenotypic change may be limited by functional constraints. ...
Avian infectious laryngotracheitis: Virus‐host interactions in relation
... trachéal exposure. Latent ILTV infections are not readily demonstrable during the first few months after infection (Bagust et al, 1986; Hughes et al, 1987, 1991), and this finding probably reflects the host chicken initially exerting a high level of immune control and surveillance. From around 3 mon ...
... trachéal exposure. Latent ILTV infections are not readily demonstrable during the first few months after infection (Bagust et al, 1986; Hughes et al, 1987, 1991), and this finding probably reflects the host chicken initially exerting a high level of immune control and surveillance. From around 3 mon ...
Innate immune memory: implications for development of pediatric
... Further evidence that early life trained immunity could be clinically relevant in vivo is provided by a recent study indicating that histologic chorioamnionitis, known to be associated with increased TLR expression in the chorioamniotic membranes (36), is associated with a reduced risk of late-onset ...
... Further evidence that early life trained immunity could be clinically relevant in vivo is provided by a recent study indicating that histologic chorioamnionitis, known to be associated with increased TLR expression in the chorioamniotic membranes (36), is associated with a reduced risk of late-onset ...
Role of Maternal Pertussis Antibodies in Infants
... on infant protection have been performed to assess whether infant titers resulting from maternal immunization were protective, given that no clear serologic correlates of protection exist. Animal studies were able to demonstrate protection in mice that received serum from infants born to mothers imm ...
... on infant protection have been performed to assess whether infant titers resulting from maternal immunization were protective, given that no clear serologic correlates of protection exist. Animal studies were able to demonstrate protection in mice that received serum from infants born to mothers imm ...
Preliminary evidence that the novel host-derived immunostimulant EP67 can act as a mucosal adjuvant
... To isolate lymphocytes, lungs were transferred into a sterile 6-well cell culture plate (one lung/well), minced into small pieces using a sterile scalpel (#15, Bard-Parker), and incubated with Collagenase IV (2 mg/mL; Worthington Enzymes) in cRPMI (6 mL) at 37 °C for 1 h with shaking (Vortemp 56 sha ...
... To isolate lymphocytes, lungs were transferred into a sterile 6-well cell culture plate (one lung/well), minced into small pieces using a sterile scalpel (#15, Bard-Parker), and incubated with Collagenase IV (2 mg/mL; Worthington Enzymes) in cRPMI (6 mL) at 37 °C for 1 h with shaking (Vortemp 56 sha ...
Induction of immune responses to bovine herpesvirus type 1 gD in
... a situation where there is an unavoidable window of susceptibility to disease following the decline of maternally derived antibody and prior to the development of active humoral responses (MacDonald, 1992). This window of susceptibility occurs because the maternal titre capable of inhibiting the res ...
... a situation where there is an unavoidable window of susceptibility to disease following the decline of maternally derived antibody and prior to the development of active humoral responses (MacDonald, 1992). This window of susceptibility occurs because the maternal titre capable of inhibiting the res ...
Mucosal Vaccines: Where Do We Stand?
... Administration of antigens and adjuvants separately or combined in a mixture or conjugated, also affects the immune response. Co-localization in phagosomes may play an important role in presentation by antigenpresenting cells [20]. ...
... Administration of antigens and adjuvants separately or combined in a mixture or conjugated, also affects the immune response. Co-localization in phagosomes may play an important role in presentation by antigenpresenting cells [20]. ...
HIV-specific antibody- dependent cellular cytotoxicity
... killing assay has also been developed, wherein membrane and intracellular contents of target cell lines are labeled with fluorescent dyes and loss of intracellular fluorescence is measured by flow cytometry [70] . These assays are quantitative, but usually still rely on the use of artificial cell li ...
... killing assay has also been developed, wherein membrane and intracellular contents of target cell lines are labeled with fluorescent dyes and loss of intracellular fluorescence is measured by flow cytometry [70] . These assays are quantitative, but usually still rely on the use of artificial cell li ...
The General Practitioner - Western Connecticut State University
... cowpox from the cows. Although they felt rather off-colour for a few days and developed a small number of pocks, usually on the hand, the disease did not trouble them. In May 1796 a dairymaid, Sarah Nelmes, consulted Jenner about a rash on her hand. He diagnosed cowpox rather than smallpox and Sara ...
... cowpox from the cows. Although they felt rather off-colour for a few days and developed a small number of pocks, usually on the hand, the disease did not trouble them. In May 1796 a dairymaid, Sarah Nelmes, consulted Jenner about a rash on her hand. He diagnosed cowpox rather than smallpox and Sara ...
- Zaharoff Laboratory
... [recombinant fowlpox (rF)] vaccination strategy is capable of inducing CEA-specific T-cell – mediated antitumor responses (21). The insertion of three T-cell costimulatory molecules (B7-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and LFA-3, termed TRICOM) into these viral vectors significantly improved B- ...
... [recombinant fowlpox (rF)] vaccination strategy is capable of inducing CEA-specific T-cell – mediated antitumor responses (21). The insertion of three T-cell costimulatory molecules (B7-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and LFA-3, termed TRICOM) into these viral vectors significantly improved B- ...
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis
... (50% tissue culture infective doses) per ml of nasal secretion. The semen of an infected bull may contain BoHV-1 and the virus can thus be transmitted by natural mating and artificial insemination (28). The control of BoHV-1 is based on the normal hygienic measures taken on a farm. Ideally, a 2–3-we ...
... (50% tissue culture infective doses) per ml of nasal secretion. The semen of an infected bull may contain BoHV-1 and the virus can thus be transmitted by natural mating and artificial insemination (28). The control of BoHV-1 is based on the normal hygienic measures taken on a farm. Ideally, a 2–3-we ...
Flagellin from Marinobacter algicola and Vibrio vulnificus activates
... infiltration of acidophilic granulocytes at the injection site. Interestingly, however, only ...
... infiltration of acidophilic granulocytes at the injection site. Interestingly, however, only ...
Annex 1 Guidelines for assuring the quality and nonclinical safety
... Vaccination involves priming the immune system of a host with an infectious agent or components of an infectious agent modified in a manner to ensure that the vaccine does not cause any harm or disease to the host, but ensures that when the host is confronted with that infectious agent, its immune s ...
... Vaccination involves priming the immune system of a host with an infectious agent or components of an infectious agent modified in a manner to ensure that the vaccine does not cause any harm or disease to the host, but ensures that when the host is confronted with that infectious agent, its immune s ...
Data/hora: 06/05/2017 12:43:06 Biblioteca(s): Embrapa Gado de
... factor-1 knockout (IRF-1 KO) mice. Additionally, at 24 h postinfection the pgk mutant was not found within the same endoplasmic reticulum-derived compartment as the wild-type bacteria, but, instead, over 60% of Brucella-containing vacuoles (BCVs) retained the late endosomal/lysosomal marker LAMP1. F ...
... factor-1 knockout (IRF-1 KO) mice. Additionally, at 24 h postinfection the pgk mutant was not found within the same endoplasmic reticulum-derived compartment as the wild-type bacteria, but, instead, over 60% of Brucella-containing vacuoles (BCVs) retained the late endosomal/lysosomal marker LAMP1. F ...
Recent Advances in Understanding Immunity
... [5]. Therefore, host control of infection requires a set of cells and factors which together promote a complex response against Brucella. CD8+ T cells have the predominant role for optimal protection against B. abortus infection. This protection can be performed by a type 1 cytokine profile producti ...
... [5]. Therefore, host control of infection requires a set of cells and factors which together promote a complex response against Brucella. CD8+ T cells have the predominant role for optimal protection against B. abortus infection. This protection can be performed by a type 1 cytokine profile producti ...
Annual Progress Report for the
... containing the PA/Wolgemuth/98 strain provided better protection than a heterologous inactivated vaccine containing Massachusetts + Arkansas strains based upon challenge with the virulent nephropathogenic strain, PA/Wolgemuth/98. Dr. Conrad Pope contributed to this study. Illinois. Monoclonal antibo ...
... containing the PA/Wolgemuth/98 strain provided better protection than a heterologous inactivated vaccine containing Massachusetts + Arkansas strains based upon challenge with the virulent nephropathogenic strain, PA/Wolgemuth/98. Dr. Conrad Pope contributed to this study. Illinois. Monoclonal antibo ...
Reduced immune responses after vaccination with a recombinant
... Here, we wanted to investigate the influence of pre-existing anti-HSV-1 immunity on T0H-OVA-induced CTL responses. Mice were infected by the i.v. route with the control vector T0-GFP, or left untreated. Three weeks after infection, seroconversion was verified by ELISA (data not shown) and all mice w ...
... Here, we wanted to investigate the influence of pre-existing anti-HSV-1 immunity on T0H-OVA-induced CTL responses. Mice were infected by the i.v. route with the control vector T0-GFP, or left untreated. Three weeks after infection, seroconversion was verified by ELISA (data not shown) and all mice w ...
Nowrin
... children under 5 years of age. Of the 8.2 million under-five child deaths per year globally, about 3.3 million occur during the neonatal period, in the first four weeks of life, with the highest rates occurring in resource-poor countries. It is especially in Africa and South Asia that the least prog ...
... children under 5 years of age. Of the 8.2 million under-five child deaths per year globally, about 3.3 million occur during the neonatal period, in the first four weeks of life, with the highest rates occurring in resource-poor countries. It is especially in Africa and South Asia that the least prog ...
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... [1]. However, in immuno-compromised individuals (such as malaria and HIV-infected patients) and children especially in developing countries, it predominantly manifests in an invasive NTS (iNTS) disease with bacteremia [2-4], which is most commonly caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium a ...
... [1]. However, in immuno-compromised individuals (such as malaria and HIV-infected patients) and children especially in developing countries, it predominantly manifests in an invasive NTS (iNTS) disease with bacteremia [2-4], which is most commonly caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium a ...
Vaccine
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing micro-organism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and keep a record of it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these micro-organisms that it later encounters.The administration of vaccines is called vaccination. The effectiveness of vaccination has been widely studied and verified; for example, the influenza vaccine, the HPV vaccine, and the chicken pox vaccine. Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infectious diseases; widespread immunity due to vaccination is largely responsible for the worldwide eradication of smallpox and the restriction of diseases such as polio, measles, and tetanus from much of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that licensed vaccines are currently available to prevent or contribute to the prevention and control of twenty-five infections.Vaccines can be prophylactic (example: to prevent or ameliorate the effects of a future infection by any natural or ""wild"" pathogen), or therapeutic (e.g., vaccines against cancer are also being investigated; see cancer vaccine).The terms vaccine and vaccination are derived from Variolae vaccinae (smallpox of the cow), the term devised by Edward Jenner to denote cowpox. He used it in 1798 in the long title of his Inquiry into the...Variolae vaccinae...known...[as]...the Cow Pox, in which he described the protective effect of cowpox against smallpox. In 1881, to honour Jenner, Louis Pasteur proposed that the terms should be extended to cover the new protective inoculations then being developed.