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Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors

... Start with NSAIDs If symptoms persist, add DMARDs Glucocorticoids may be added until DMARDs take effect ...
Flu, Flu Vaccines, and Why We Need to Do Better
Flu, Flu Vaccines, and Why We Need to Do Better

... 1. Interferons: luckily for you, your body is able to see when there are viruses in its cells. In response to these viruses, the body makes chemicals that tell the cells to be on the lookout for more viruses and to stop making baby viruses. These chemicals are called interferons because they interf ...
Interferons as Therapeutic Agents in Infectious Diseases
Interferons as Therapeutic Agents in Infectious Diseases

... Even though interferons role against viruses is most prominent, they can also be induced by, and active against, rickettsia, mycobacteria and several protozoa.[1] Therapeutically, however, their use has generally been limited to treatment or prevention of viral infections. Although their potent ant ...
Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS) for Respiratory Tract
Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS) for Respiratory Tract

... Various viruses cause acute respiratory illness in children, including Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Human Rhinovirus (HRV), Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV), and Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV). Various symptoms (e.g., respiratory rate, wheezing, cyanosis, and use of the accessory respiratory mus ...
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... - Seven inhabitants of Elaé (Upper Maroni) living under the same lodging were bitten by bats during their sleep on the night of 24 December. This event was not reported by the victims and was discovered on Tuesday, 4 January by a doctor of Maripasoula during a routine visit. - The victims, 5 of whom ...
Passive and active immunity
Passive and active immunity

... the fact that worldwide programs of vaccination have led to the complete or nearly complete eradication of many of these diseases in developed countries. The success of active immunization in eradicating infectious disease is dependent on numerous factors: – Vaccines are effective if the infectious ...
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Healthcare-associated Infections - Texas Center for Quality & Patient
Healthcare-associated Infections - Texas Center for Quality & Patient

... How big is the problem? • HAIs - Infections that patients acquire while receiving treatment for medical or surgical conditions. – Significant toll on human life • 1.7 million infections • 99,000 deaths annually ...
fcs102607
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The Super Bug? - Grant County Health District

... • Distinct and genetically different Staph (still MRSA but developed alongside HCA-MRSA) • CA-MRSA to account for 30%-37% of all MRSA patients requiring a hospital stay • In Los Angeles, CA-MRSA was the most common cause of skin infections coming seen in emergency rooms • A Houston study demonstrate ...
Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
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... case of giant papillary conjunctivitis, a foreign body on the eye, typically a contact lens. Bacterial and viral systemic infections also may induce conjunctivitis. ...
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An Imported Case of Human Infection with Avian Influenza A(H7N9

... 4% chlorhexidine gluconate liquid soap / Hibiscrub Avoid contact of this product with the eyes and the moist membranes lining the inside of certain parts of the body (mucous membranes), e.g. mouth, nasal passages. If Hibiscrub comes into contact with the eyes, wash out promptly and thoroughly with w ...
IMMUNITY AND IMMUNIZATION
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... –Specific –Non-Specific • Specific component against each new disease encountered is when exposure to a specific pathogen. • non-specific components act either as barriers or as eliminators of wide range of pathogens irrespective of antigenic specificity ...
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... European history) is by Thucydides (460-404 BC, Athens), who described the great pestilence of 430-429 BC in Athens, during the second year of the Peloponnesian War, an outbreak that killed more than 30,000 people (out of a population of 172,000) – Thucydides noted that those who had recovered would ...
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Avian Flu - Info Sihat

... species other than birds and pigs. The first documented infection of humans with an avian influenza virus occured in Hong Kong in 1997, where the H5N1 strain caused severe respiratory dieases in 18 humans, of whom 6 died. In addition, the recent outbreak in Vietnam and Thailand showed that close con ...
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Reduced Mortality after Allogeneic Hematopoietic

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How the Viruses Can Evade Host Defense Mechanisms

... destruction by the adaptive immune system. Many pathogens reduce their own antigenicity either by growing within host cells, where they are sequestered from immune attack,or by shedding their membrane antigens. Other pathogens camouflage themselves by mimicking the surfaces of host cells, either by ...
Microorganisms, Infection and Immunity
Microorganisms, Infection and Immunity

... 1) The biology of infectious microorganisms 2) How microorganisms infect and interact with their hosts, and how this relates to their biology. 3) How the immune system fights infection and how disease can result when it fails. The goal of this course design is to integrate micro-organism biology, in ...
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... The pig may act as an intermediate host for the generation of human−avian reassortant influenza viruses with pandemic potential. Observations of humans infected with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in Hong Kong in 1997 suggest that man himself may act as a 'mixing vessel'. ...
David Liu`s Stittelaar slides
David Liu`s Stittelaar slides

... household contacts of contacts, to prevent secondary cases.  Stance on post-exposure: “if [the vaccine is] administered within 3 days after exposure to smallpox virus , it may prevent disease, or decrease the severity of disease and risk of death.” ...
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The frequency of enteric fever among children in Al

... (S. typhi). In developing countries, the illness ...
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Pediatric Pneumonia Guidelines: Inconsistencies between

... shows that bacterial infections are also very common and that the morbidity and mortality of pneumonia are greatest for children under two years of age. • Strong evidence exists that confirm combined bacterial and viral infections are common. And, the greatest benefit from the pneumococcal vaccine ...
ภาพนิ่ง 1
ภาพนิ่ง 1

... In children, minor side effects can include runny nose or mild temporary wheezing. Occasionally headache, vomiting, muscle aches, or fever have been reported. In adults, minor side effects can include runny nose, headache, sore throat, or cough ...
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Common cold



The common cold (also known as nasopharyngitis, rhinopharyngitis, acute coryza, head cold, or simply a cold) is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract which primarily affects the nose.Signs and symptoms include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, and fever which usually resolve in seven to ten days, with some symptoms lasting up to three weeks. Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in the cause of the common cold; the rhinoviruses are the most common.Upper respiratory tract infections are loosely divided by the areas they affect, with the common cold primarily affecting the nose, the throat (pharyngitis), and the sinuses (sinusitis), occasionally involving either or both eyes via conjunctivitis. Symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves. The primary method of prevention is by hand washing with some evidence to support the effectiveness of wearing face masks. The common cold may occasionally lead to pneumonia, either viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia.No cure for the common cold exists, but the symptoms can be treated. It is the most frequent infectious disease in humans with the average adult getting two to three colds a year and the average child getting between six and twelve. These infections have been with humanity since ancient times.
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