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Infection Control Resource
Infection Control Resource

... INTRODUCTION These guidelines describe the steps which must be taken to manage patient treatment in order to minimize risk, and is based on national and international guidelines for the prevention of influenza and the agreed clinical management. ...
Current Trends in the Diagnosis of Equine Infectious Diseases
Current Trends in the Diagnosis of Equine Infectious Diseases

... The major activity of specialized laboratories in veterinary biology and in particular in equine pathology were often based on methods of diagnosis allowing the identification of pathogens by culture (virus or bacteria) or by titration of the antibodies mainly based on techniques of seroneutralisati ...
Rift Valley Fever
Rift Valley Fever

... Africa was reported in 1987. It was linked to construction of the Senegal River Project, which caused flooding in the lower Senegal River area. In late 1997, after exceptionally heavy rains, an epidemic resulted in the deaths of at least 300 people and large numbers of animals in remote parts of nor ...
Swine Influenza A/H1N1
Swine Influenza A/H1N1

... pneumonia, pneumonia, myocardidtis and pericarditis, myositis, encephalitis and Syndrome can cause serious illness or death. Bacterial pneumonia is the most common pulmonary complication. In 1918, many victims died rapidly of viral pneumonitis. Most complications usually occur in vulnerable groups s ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... • Uncomplicated influenza – Peramivir: single IV dose (300 or 600 mg) superior to placebo and comparable to 5 days of oseltamivir in adults (NB: not superior for resistant H1N1 (H275Y)) – Laninamivir (CS-8958): single inhaled doses of 20 mg or 40 mg comparable to 5 days of oseltamivir in adults + ch ...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Infants
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Infants

...  Morbidity and Mortality ...
Longevity Bulletin: Pandemic edition
Longevity Bulletin: Pandemic edition

... associated with the standard of its public healthcare infrastructure, quarantining procedures, access to vaccines and medical interventions. Planning assumptions which inform pandemic response plans as well as clinical and non-clinical interventions are listed in Section 7 of this bulletin. Furtherm ...
Experimental study on histopathological changes and tissue tropism
Experimental study on histopathological changes and tissue tropism

... 7 pages. http://dx.doi. org/10.4102/jsava.v84i1.970 ...
Tissue Tropism and Pathobiology of Infectious Laryngotracheitis
Tissue Tropism and Pathobiology of Infectious Laryngotracheitis

... among the commercial layers being reared in intensive farms of closer vicinity. Mild forms of infection, sometimes enzootic are characterized by mucoid tracheitis, sinusitis, unthriftiness and low mortality. However, serious disease outbreaks continue to occur periodically whenever ILT virus strains ...
Influenza 2010-2011: Lessons from the 2009 pandemic
Influenza 2010-2011: Lessons from the 2009 pandemic

... Influenza causes annual epidemics of varied severity and risk of death. In the United States, these seasonal epidemics are estimated to account for more than 200,000 hospitalizations1 and 1.4 to 16.7 deaths per 100,000 persons (3,349 to 48,614 deaths) each year, mostly in the elderly.2 The past 10 ...
How to approach and treat viral infections in ICU
How to approach and treat viral infections in ICU

... molecular mechanisms of viral infection has provided great potential for the discovery of new antiviral agents that target viral proteins or host proteins that regulate immunity and are involved in the viral life cycle. These novel treatments need to be further validated in animal and human randomiz ...
BIOL 191 Introductory Microbiology
BIOL 191 Introductory Microbiology

... d. Spikes 1. H (Hemagglutinin) proteins Hemagglutinin is one of two virally-coded integral envelope proteins of the influenza virus. Hemagglutinin is responsible for host cell binding and subsequent fusion of viral and host membranes after the virus has been taken up. In the first step of infection ...
11434_2016_1068_MOESM1_ESM
11434_2016_1068_MOESM1_ESM

... validated using 100 bootstrap replicates and the tree was plotted using FigTree. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Zika viral evolution 29 unique whole genome sequences of Zika virus were obtained from GenBank and aligned using the MAFFT server using default parameters. Maximum Likelihood phylogene ...
Control of Bovine Virus Diarrhoea (BVD)
Control of Bovine Virus Diarrhoea (BVD)

... boosters to maintain immunity which should be given in accordance with the SPC recommendations (recommendations vary depending on the vaccine used). Animals should be healthy when vaccinated to allow an appropriate immune response, but if all breeding females are properly vaccinated this will help t ...
Garden, Easter Lilies Infected by Viruses, Vol.15, Issue 1
Garden, Easter Lilies Infected by Viruses, Vol.15, Issue 1

... I have not examined an Easter or garden lily in Oregon that did not contain at least one virus. Lily researchers in Denmark and Holland report a similar situation with their home-grown lilies. Therefore, Oregon cannot be blamed for the virus content in lilies. The blame must be placed on the lily it ...
Immunization Update 2016
Immunization Update 2016

... require a protective environment should not receive LAIV, or should avoid contact with such persons for 7 days after receipt, given the theoretical risk for transmission of the live attenuated vaccine virus.  Persons who report having had reactions to egg involving such symptoms as angioedema, resp ...
Attachment 1
Attachment 1

... 10 cases per 1,000,000 people vaccinated. Evidence for a causal relationship of GBS with subsequent vaccines prepared from other influenza viruses is unclear. Obtaining strong epidemiologic evidence for a possible small increase in risk is difficult for such a rare condition as GBS, which has an ann ...
Alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses
Alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses

... subtypes, H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2, have been predominantly circulating in pig populations over several decades (Van Reeth, 2007). However, these subtypes have genetically distinctive characters in different geographical locations, and complicated genetic diversity has thus been demonstrated even among t ...
Summit County Public Health
Summit County Public Health

... virus, but they can appear as early as 12 hours after exposure. Are noroviruses contagious? Noroviruses are very contagious and can spread easily from person to person. Both stool and vomit are infectious. Particular care should be taken with young children in diapers who may have diarrhea. How long ...
Emerging Viral Diseases - SciTech Connect
Emerging Viral Diseases - SciTech Connect

... There are more than 500 viruses—belonging to several virus families—that are also classified as arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses), based on a vertebrate–arthropod maintenance cycle in nature. Arboviruses replicate in both the vertebrate host and the arthropod vector (mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies ...
economic evaluations of neuraminidase inhibitors to - HAL
economic evaluations of neuraminidase inhibitors to - HAL

... Variability of the burden of influenza according to year and risk for medical complications ..... 5 Virulence of circulating strains ................................................................................................ 5 Distribution of the adult population according to risk for medical c ...
Technician - Drug Store News CE
Technician - Drug Store News CE

... that may indicate existing infections that need additional care from the pharmacist and other providers. Current recommendations include maintaining up-to-date immunization status for all people to prevent outbreaks. This is especially important for family members, caregivers and others who may come ...
Untitled - Repositorio USFQ
Untitled - Repositorio USFQ

... sequences from amplicons (ICP4 and TK genes) obtained from animal samples. These genes have been used in other studies for ILTV characterization with other genes such as those encoding viral glycoproteins like the Gycoprotein G gen (gG), which is considered as a virulent factor of ILTV. However, the ...
Screening Checklist for Contraindications to Live
Screening Checklist for Contraindications to Live

... eating eggs or receiving any component of the intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV; tradename FluMist) is usually a contraindication for further doses. An egg-free recombinant hemagglutinin vaccine (RIV) may be used in people age 18 through 49 years with egg allergy of any severity who ...
Print this PDF
Print this PDF

... have a cough, feel very tired, and may have a sore throat as well. It can make you feel sick for a few days or for as long as a week. Sometimes, it can be hard to tell if you have the flu or a cold, but with the flu, you'll usually have a higher fever and feel much worse. The flu is a type of virus, ...
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Avian influenza

Avian influenza — known informally as avian flu or bird flu — refers to ""influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds."" The type with the greatest risk is highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).""Bird flu"" is a phrase similar to ""swine flu,"" ""dog flu,"" ""horse flu,"" or ""human flu"" in that it refers to an illness caused by any of many different strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host. All known viruses that cause influenza in birds belong to the species influenza A virus. All subtypes (but not all strains of all subtypes) of influenza A virus are adapted to birds, which is why for many purposes avian flu virus is the influenza A virus. (Note, however, that the ""A"" does not stand for ""avian"").Adaptation is not exclusive. Being adapted toward a particular species does not preclude adaptations, or partial adaptations, toward infecting different species. In this way, strains of influenza viruses are adapted to multiple species, though may be preferential toward a particular host. For example, viruses responsible for influenza pandemics are adapted to both humans and birds. Recent influenza research into the genes of the Spanish flu virus shows it to have genes adapted to both birds and humans, with more of its genes from birds than less deadly later pandemic strains.While its most highly pathogenic strain (H5N1) had been spreading throughout Asia since 2003, avian influenza reached Europe in 2005, and the Middle East, as well as Africa, the following year. On January 22, 2012, China reported its second human death due to bird flu in a month following other fatalities in Vietnam and Cambodia. Companion birds in captivity and parrots are highly unlikely to contract the virus, and there has been no report of a companion bird with avian influenza since 2003. Pigeons do not contract or spread the virus. 84% of affected bird populations are composed of chicken and farm birds, while the 15% is made up of wild birds according to capture-and-release operations in the 2000s, during the SARs pandemic. The first deadly Canadian case was confirmed on January 3, 2014. On December 2, 2014, two turkey farms in British Columbia, Canada, had been placed under quarantine after the Canadian Food Inspection Agency confirmed an avian flu outbreak.
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