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southern alps: geology - Geoscience Research Institute
southern alps: geology - Geoscience Research Institute

Plate Tectonics Reading
Plate Tectonics Reading

... crust. The young crust is then pulled apart as additional lava comes up and newer crust is formed along the center of the ridge. As a result of this process, oceanic crust moves outward (horizontally) on both sides of an oceanic ridge, and new crust is continually added to older oceanic crust. This ...
Notes - Plate Tectonics
Notes - Plate Tectonics

... Continental rocks date the Earth at about 4.6 billion years old. Since the ocean floor is lower in the lithosphere, scientists expected to find older rocks at those depths. ...
C1b Foundation 1
C1b Foundation 1

... This meteorite heated limestone in the Earth’s crust causing the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide. Explain how carbon dioxide is released from limestone. ...
Public Comments on the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy’s Preliminary Report
Public Comments on the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy’s Preliminary Report

... marine environment including the role of the oceans in climate and global environmental change…” in formulating a coherent U.S. ocean policy. The reasoning behind our recommendations is described below. 1) The Importance of the Open Ocean The report places a heavy emphasis on improved observations a ...
Plate Tectonics CFA
Plate Tectonics CFA

... Earth’s crust was moving. What discovery caused scientists to rethink Wegener’s theory of continental drift? a. The discovery of deep ocean trenches off the coast of South America. b. The discovery of seafloor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean. c. The discovery of earthquake activity in California. d. ...
Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits host the evidence for sulfate
Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits host the evidence for sulfate

... Recent researchers have suggested that the Archean oceans were sulfate poor (<0.1 mM SO42-, compared to 28 mM today), because the atmosphere was supposedly poor in O2 (pO2 < 10-6 atm) to completely oxidize the sulfur-bearing volcanic gases (H2S and SO2) and sulfide minerals in soils to SO42-. Howeve ...
Teacher Guide - Math/Science Nucleus
Teacher Guide - Math/Science Nucleus

5-Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics
5-Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics

... with discovering the Tethys Ocean, which he named in 1893. His other major discovery was that the fossil glossopteris fern was found in South America, Africa, India and Antarctica. His explanation was that the three lands were once connected into a supercontinent, which he named Gondwana. Suess beli ...
Ch19 & 20 Review2
Ch19 & 20 Review2

... What are the two main gases dissolved in ocean water? ...
Plate Tectonics and the Earth`s Interior
Plate Tectonics and the Earth`s Interior

... material is displaced, causing large scale movement through entire mantle – Causes enough tension throughout earth to break up original single land mass ...
Outline of Achievements
Outline of Achievements

1-4 Notes: Convergent and Transform Boundaries Think About… • If
1-4 Notes: Convergent and Transform Boundaries Think About… • If

... neither plate will sink below the other.  If the plates keep moving, their edges will eventually  ___________________________and fold.  Sometimes, the folded crust pushes up to create _____________________________. Oceanic-Oceanic Subduction  When one plate with oceanic plate sinks under another ...
Slideshow
Slideshow

... Convergent Boundary – Indian and Eurasian Plates ...
Ocean 11 - Course World
Ocean 11 - Course World

Advancing US Leadership on Oceans Governance
Advancing US Leadership on Oceans Governance

... the absence of effective oversight, devastating overfishing practices degrade marine ecosystems. The world’s seventeen-odd regional fisheries management arrangements are a patchwork of agreements with weak enforcement authority and capability. The main international instrument—the UN Convention on ...
Plate Boundaries and Earth`s Land Features
Plate Boundaries and Earth`s Land Features

... asthenosphere, which has the property called plasticity. This allows the plates to move across the top of it, carrying the continents and ocean basins with them as they move about. For example, North America and a good part of the Atlantic Ocean are on the North American Plate. The Theory of Plate T ...
Plate Tectonics Learning Targets
Plate Tectonics Learning Targets

... PLATE TECTONICS – TEKS, Learning Targets and Vocabulary (TEK 6.10A) Illustrate the structural layers of the earth including the inner core, outer core, mantle, crust, asthenosphere and lithosphere. (TEK 6.10C) Identify the major tectonic plates, including Eurasian, African, Indo-Australian, Pacific, ...
Document
Document

... text panel 1: HYPOX activities at the Crimean Shelf (Black Sea) Hello! My name is Antje Boetius and I am the co-ordinator of the EU project HYPOX. I work at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology in Bremen and the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research. So we have chosen th ...
ocean acidification - Caribbean Environment Programme
ocean acidification - Caribbean Environment Programme

... 22 million tons of CO2 ...
Conditions differ away from shore.
Conditions differ away from shore.

... eat the bacteria. Other animals, such as tubeworms, have the bacteria living within their bodies. Tubeworms do not eat and have no digestive system—they absorb all their food directly from the bacteria. Because of its crushing pressure, darkness, and huge size, the deep ocean remains mostly unexplor ...
Science 3360 - Kennesaw State University | College of Science and
Science 3360 - Kennesaw State University | College of Science and

... follows. Surface erosion caused the underlying material (which SM was a part of, along with metamorphic rock) to be lifted. Erosion caused the metamorphic rock to weather away, leaving the tougher, more erosion resistant granite of Stone Mountain visible. ...
Oceanic Crust
Oceanic Crust

... ocean floor is added  What 2 continents are moving away from each other as a result of the mid-Atlantic Ridge? ...
16_3eIG
16_3eIG

... a. The U.S. Geological Survey estimates that the world’s deposits of methane hydrates may hold twice as much carbon as all known deposits of oil, coal, and natural gas combined. b. Destabilizing a methane hydrate deposit could lead to a catastrophic release of gas, which could cause a massive landsl ...
draft Coastal Carbon Science Plan outline
draft Coastal Carbon Science Plan outline

... from estuaries to the coastal ocean  Improved coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical models that can resolve key carbon transformation and transport processes in these systems  Intercomparison studies across different estuarine and wetland systems Biological transformations – How is carbon transforme ...
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Anoxic event



Oceanic anoxic events or anoxic events (Anoxia conditions) refer to intervals in the Earth's past where portions of oceans become depleted in oxygen (O2) at depths over a large geographic area. During some of these events, euxinia develops - euxinia refers to anoxic waters that contain H2S hydrogen sulfide. Although anoxic events have not happened for millions of years, the geological record shows that they happened many times in the past. Anoxic events coincide with several mass extinctions and may contribute to these events. These mass extinctions include some that geobiologists use as time markers in biostratigraphic dating. It is believed oceanic anoxic events are strongly linked to slowing of ocean circulation, climatic warming and elevated levels of greenhouse gases. Enhanced volcanism (through the release of CO2 and other greenhouse gases) is the proposed central external trigger for the development of these events.
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