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Photo Detectors
Photo Detectors

... nature which is known as the Planck’s constant. Planck’s discoveries lead to a new form of physics known as quantum mechanics and the photoelectric effect E = hv which is Planck constant multiplied by the frequency of radiation. The photo electric effect is the effect of light on a surface of metal ...
MAX686 DAC-Controlled Boost/Inverter LCD Bias Supply with Internal Switch General Description
MAX686 DAC-Controlled Boost/Inverter LCD Bias Supply with Internal Switch General Description

... After the on-cycle terminates, the switch turns off, and the inductor charges the output capacitor through the diode. If the output is out of regulation after the minimum off-time has transpired, another on-cycle begins. If the output is within regulation when the minimum offtime transpires, the off ...
Most useful circuits are more complicated than the simple circuits we
Most useful circuits are more complicated than the simple circuits we

... The left drawing of Figure 22.1 shows two batteries connected with the positive terminal of one leading to the negative terminal of the other. The current will have potential V1 + V2 after passing through both batteries. If V1 and V2 are both have 1.5V emf, the total voltage available from the comb ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... One type of copper loss is I2R LOSS. In rf lines the resistance of the conductors is never equal to zero. Whenever current flows through one of these conductors, some energy is dissipated in the form of heat. This heat loss is a POWER LOSS. With copper braid, which has a resistance higher than solid ...
Earthing Transformer
Earthing Transformer

TPS65131EVM User`s Guide (Rev. C)
TPS65131EVM User`s Guide (Rev. C)

PD54003L-E
PD54003L-E

... ESD protection characteristics ...
ES1888 Audio Drive Product Brief
ES1888 Audio Drive Product Brief

... have internal series resistors of about 5k ohms. Capacitors to analog ground on these pins can be used to create a low-pass filter pole that removes switching noise introduced by the switched-capacitor filters. Capacitive coupled inputs left and right. These inputs have internal pull-up resistors to ...
5.0 TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS Note: The following
5.0 TYPES OF ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS Note: The following

... flowing in each element. The circuit is one continuous loop starting and ending at the output terminals of the constant current regulator. In the case of a parallel circuit and fixed input voltage, the current in the circuit would vary with the connected load. The constant current regulators of a se ...
- International Journal of VLSI Design and
- International Journal of VLSI Design and

... near the power rails i.e. Vdd and Ground. During active mode, from the BEC. the high threshold Vt transistors are turned on, thereby normal operation of circuit and exists direct path from Vdd and ground. During Stand-by-mode, the transistors are turned off creating virtual power supply and ground r ...
Defense - Auburn University
Defense - Auburn University

a new topological method for determination of the equivalent
a new topological method for determination of the equivalent

... The relative values b, , a, and  can be easily measured and thus a number of restrictions can be established as regards their variation limits. The calculation of the sensitivity of the power generator at different harmonics is of great practical interest in order to obtain a more efficient evalua ...
Gigabit Ethernet – IEEE 802
Gigabit Ethernet – IEEE 802

... As the number of computer users increases over the years and the demand for high-speed data transmission increases exponentially, the need to design a medium that can meet the demand of the users becomes obvious. The trend for such a medium went from Ethernet to Fast Ethernet. However, these protoco ...
Bicycle Powered Generator for the University Farm
Bicycle Powered Generator for the University Farm

ReliaGear ND Descriptive Bulletin
ReliaGear ND Descriptive Bulletin

... The IEC61850 implementation in Relion includes fast peer-topeer communication over the substation bus. GOOSE communication is used between Relion devices in switchgear to form a stable, reliable, and high-speed bus bar protection system, provide fast and dependable auto transfer schemes and zone int ...
to EEE B.Tech III Year-I Semester
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Specification - OE Meyer Co.
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R/C Electric Systems - Rich Valley RC Club
R/C Electric Systems - Rich Valley RC Club

... cells should not be discharged to less than 0.9 V (unless some loss of life is acceptable). For R/C radio use, most modelers as well as battery cyclers and transmitter low voltage alarms use 1.1 VPC as a minimum discharge voltage. To determine the state of charge for these cells, a loaded voltmeter ...
Electrical
Electrical

... A small electric torch is powered by a single cell which supplies 1.6 J of energy per coulomb of charge passing through the cell. When the torch is switched on, the cell supplies a constant current of 0.50 A to the bulb X. The potential difference across the bulb is 1.2 V. (a) What is meant by “1.6 ...
SCHRACK
SCHRACK

UNDERGROUND CABLES
UNDERGROUND CABLES

Control of Harmonics in 6-Pulse Rectifiers
Control of Harmonics in 6-Pulse Rectifiers

... Figure 4.13 Output voltage waveform for 3% ripple with 10.238 mF capacitor.............. 49 Figure 4.14 Full-wave bridge rectifier with an inductor filter .......................................... 50 Figure 4.15 Load current........................................................................... ...
Robust Control Design for Three-Phase Power Inverters using Genetic Algorithm Natthaphob Nimpitiwan
Robust Control Design for Three-Phase Power Inverters using Genetic Algorithm Natthaphob Nimpitiwan

... Inverter systems are one of important parts of electric energy conversion from renewable resources to grid systems. Higher penetration level of grid connected inverter based distributed generations tends to increase the operational impacts on power systems (e.g., power quality, stability, reliabilit ...
SZM-3166Z 3.3GHz to 3.6GHz 2W POWER AMPLIFIER Features Product Description
SZM-3166Z 3.3GHz to 3.6GHz 2W POWER AMPLIFIER Features Product Description

... Power up/down control pin for the 1st stage. An external series resistor is required for proper setting of bias levels depending on control voltage. The voltage on this pin should never exceed the voltage on pin 3 by more than 0.5V unless the supply current from pin 3 is limited <10mA. Power up/down ...
Si8660/61/62/63
Si8660/61/62/63

... Input Leakage Current ...
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Buck converter



A buck converter is a voltage step down and current step up converter.The simplest way to reduce the voltage of a DC supply is to use a linear regulator (such as a 7805), but linear regulators waste energy as they operate by dissipating excess power as heat. Buck converters, on the other hand, can be remarkably efficient (95% or higher for integrated circuits), making them useful for tasks such as converting the main voltage in a computer (12V in a desktop, 12-24V in a laptop) down to the 0.8-1.8V needed by the processor.
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