T cell receptor
... ● T-cells undergo V(D)J recombination to create a diverse number of TCRs, similar to Immunoglobulins but they do not undergo somatic hypermutation . This process is initiated by the enzymes Rag1 and Rag2 which induce double-strand breaks at the border between a recombination signal sequence and a co ...
... ● T-cells undergo V(D)J recombination to create a diverse number of TCRs, similar to Immunoglobulins but they do not undergo somatic hypermutation . This process is initiated by the enzymes Rag1 and Rag2 which induce double-strand breaks at the border between a recombination signal sequence and a co ...
Document
... thought to form pores in cell membranes that allow antigens to gain access to the endogenous presentation pathway resulting in presentation by MHC class I and hence CTL activation. ...
... thought to form pores in cell membranes that allow antigens to gain access to the endogenous presentation pathway resulting in presentation by MHC class I and hence CTL activation. ...
Document
... MHC class II molecules are linked within the complex; the genes for b2-microglobulin and the invariant chain lie on separate ...
... MHC class II molecules are linked within the complex; the genes for b2-microglobulin and the invariant chain lie on separate ...
Transplantation immunity
... The fetus as allograft (Perspective 18.1 – page 452) half the fetus’ antigens are foreign (father’s) fetus is thus an allograft, but is not rejected. Why? ...
... The fetus as allograft (Perspective 18.1 – page 452) half the fetus’ antigens are foreign (father’s) fetus is thus an allograft, but is not rejected. Why? ...
Environmental factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity
... Peripheral active mechanisms of tolerance ...
... Peripheral active mechanisms of tolerance ...
Bauman Chapter 1 Answers to Critical Thinking Questions
... Microorganisms are structurally complex, and while they may have many antigenic determinants the immune system can potentially respond to, the antigenic determinants may not be accessible. Antigen processing breaks up complex microbial structures into their component pieces, increasing the number of ...
... Microorganisms are structurally complex, and while they may have many antigenic determinants the immune system can potentially respond to, the antigenic determinants may not be accessible. Antigen processing breaks up complex microbial structures into their component pieces, increasing the number of ...
Chapter 13 - Dr. Jennifer Capers
... portion is free to bind with Fc receptors on immune cells for phagocytosis, etc. ...
... portion is free to bind with Fc receptors on immune cells for phagocytosis, etc. ...
Antigen Processing and Presentation
... Ia-associated invariant chain, Ii Class II- associated invariant chain peptide, CLIP Ii3α3β3 Trans-Golgi network→endosome 2.4 Ii degredation in endosome 2.5 Peptides are stably bound to MHC-II molecule/HLA-DM 2.6 Antigen presentation ...
... Ia-associated invariant chain, Ii Class II- associated invariant chain peptide, CLIP Ii3α3β3 Trans-Golgi network→endosome 2.4 Ii degredation in endosome 2.5 Peptides are stably bound to MHC-II molecule/HLA-DM 2.6 Antigen presentation ...
Exam 1 - B-T Cell development
... make different light chains that will correct this… if not the cell dies: clonal deletion (apoptosis) Soluble self-antigen – a weak signal that results in low IgM heavy chain expression on surface, but normal IgD on surface which doesn’t activate the cell: anergy. ...
... make different light chains that will correct this… if not the cell dies: clonal deletion (apoptosis) Soluble self-antigen – a weak signal that results in low IgM heavy chain expression on surface, but normal IgD on surface which doesn’t activate the cell: anergy. ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... Class III molecules are not membrane proteins, are not related structurally to class I and class II molecules, and have no role in Ag presentation, although most play some role in immune responses. e.g., C2, C4a, C4b, factor B, 21-hydroxylase enzymes, TNFa, TNFb, heat shock proteins (HSP) ...
... Class III molecules are not membrane proteins, are not related structurally to class I and class II molecules, and have no role in Ag presentation, although most play some role in immune responses. e.g., C2, C4a, C4b, factor B, 21-hydroxylase enzymes, TNFa, TNFb, heat shock proteins (HSP) ...
Slide 1
... activation and cytokine production) -Mycophenolate mofetil (blocks lymphocyte proliferation by blocking guanine synthesis) -Rapamycin (blocks lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting IL-2 signalling) - Abs to TCR (CD3) and co-stimulatory molecules (CTLA4) ...
... activation and cytokine production) -Mycophenolate mofetil (blocks lymphocyte proliferation by blocking guanine synthesis) -Rapamycin (blocks lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting IL-2 signalling) - Abs to TCR (CD3) and co-stimulatory molecules (CTLA4) ...
ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES. STRUCTURE OF IMMUNE SYSTEM
... loci, from both chromosomes. Between the class I and class II gene loci is a third locus, sometimes called class III. This locus ...
... loci, from both chromosomes. Between the class I and class II gene loci is a third locus, sometimes called class III. This locus ...
Kuby Immunology 6/e - Dr. Jennifer Capers
... with manipulation Rabbits injected with acetylcholine receptors ...
... with manipulation Rabbits injected with acetylcholine receptors ...
Poster
... agents. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are cells of the immune system that recognize viral-infected cells by binding to portions of viral proteins (peptides) presented on class I major histocompatability complex (MHC) proteins. MHC proteins are located in the cytoplasmic membrane of all nucleated cel ...
... agents. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are cells of the immune system that recognize viral-infected cells by binding to portions of viral proteins (peptides) presented on class I major histocompatability complex (MHC) proteins. MHC proteins are located in the cytoplasmic membrane of all nucleated cel ...
Biology of the B Lymphocyte
... T cells use an Ag recognition system (TCR) that interacts with a fragment of an Ag presented on the surface of a cell bound to MHC gene product Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ...
... T cells use an Ag recognition system (TCR) that interacts with a fragment of an Ag presented on the surface of a cell bound to MHC gene product Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ...
3-CMI Lecture medical2014-10
... (MHC) proteins were discovered for the first time with when tissue transplantation started ...
... (MHC) proteins were discovered for the first time with when tissue transplantation started ...
major histocompatibility complex
... MHC loci (‘classical’ MHC genes), which are the most highly polymorphic genes known among vertebrates. Class I and II MHC loci are closely linked within the MHC cluster in many species, such as mice and humans. In humans there are six class I loci (e.g. A, B and C) and eight class II loci (e.g. DP, ...
... MHC loci (‘classical’ MHC genes), which are the most highly polymorphic genes known among vertebrates. Class I and II MHC loci are closely linked within the MHC cluster in many species, such as mice and humans. In humans there are six class I loci (e.g. A, B and C) and eight class II loci (e.g. DP, ...
IMMU 7630 PRACTICE MIDTERM
... A. B cells, Dendritic cells, Helper T cells B. B cells, Macrophages, Dendritic cells C. Cytotoxic T cells, Macrophages, Dendritic cells 9. When a T-independent antigen, such as a complex carbohydrate, is injected, you expect to see plasma antibody of which class? A. IgM B. IgG C. IgE 10. In the huma ...
... A. B cells, Dendritic cells, Helper T cells B. B cells, Macrophages, Dendritic cells C. Cytotoxic T cells, Macrophages, Dendritic cells 9. When a T-independent antigen, such as a complex carbohydrate, is injected, you expect to see plasma antibody of which class? A. IgM B. IgG C. IgE 10. In the huma ...
T Cell Receptor (TCR)
... 1. TCR functions to recognize Ag peptides presented by MHC complexes => Ag peptide specificity => MHC restriction 2. Two classes of MHC molecules. - Class-I MHC => peptides from cytosolic (intracellular) proteins => CD8 T cells - Class-II MHC => peptides from extracellular (exogenous) proteins from ...
... 1. TCR functions to recognize Ag peptides presented by MHC complexes => Ag peptide specificity => MHC restriction 2. Two classes of MHC molecules. - Class-I MHC => peptides from cytosolic (intracellular) proteins => CD8 T cells - Class-II MHC => peptides from extracellular (exogenous) proteins from ...
Transplantation and Rejection
... • There are more than 30 gene loci • Reject at different rate • In human known as human leucocyte antigens (HLA) • Cellular constituents are called minor histocompatibility antigens • These induce rejection at a slower rate • Combination of several minor antigens induce strong rejection ...
... • There are more than 30 gene loci • Reject at different rate • In human known as human leucocyte antigens (HLA) • Cellular constituents are called minor histocompatibility antigens • These induce rejection at a slower rate • Combination of several minor antigens induce strong rejection ...
Immunopathology
... by genes in the HLA-D region, which contains at least three subregions: DP, DQ, and DR. -CD4+ T cells can respond to peptides displayed by class II molecules. -Class II MHC expression is restricted to a few types of cells, mainly APCs (notably, dendritic cells [DCs]), macrophages, and B cells. ...
... by genes in the HLA-D region, which contains at least three subregions: DP, DQ, and DR. -CD4+ T cells can respond to peptides displayed by class II molecules. -Class II MHC expression is restricted to a few types of cells, mainly APCs (notably, dendritic cells [DCs]), macrophages, and B cells. ...
lecture3-Cell Mediated Immunity (2014)
... (MHC) • Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins were discovered for the first time with when tissue transplantation started • The success of tissue and organ transplantation depends upon the match of donor’s and recipient’s “human leukocyte antigens” (HLA) encoded by HLA genes • Genes for HL ...
... (MHC) • Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins were discovered for the first time with when tissue transplantation started • The success of tissue and organ transplantation depends upon the match of donor’s and recipient’s “human leukocyte antigens” (HLA) encoded by HLA genes • Genes for HL ...
Lecture3 - Cell Mediated Immunity
... (MHC) • Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins were discovered for the first time with when tissue transplantation started • The success of tissue and organ transplantation depends upon the match of donor’s and recipient’s “human leukocyte antigens” (HLA) encoded by HLA genes • Genes for HL ...
... (MHC) • Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins were discovered for the first time with when tissue transplantation started • The success of tissue and organ transplantation depends upon the match of donor’s and recipient’s “human leukocyte antigens” (HLA) encoded by HLA genes • Genes for HL ...
MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX
... Classic experiment of Zinkernagel and Doherty They demonstrate that antigen recognition by TC cells exhibits MHC restriction. H-2k mice were primed with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for the virus. Spleen cells from this LCM-prime ...
... Classic experiment of Zinkernagel and Doherty They demonstrate that antigen recognition by TC cells exhibits MHC restriction. H-2k mice were primed with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for the virus. Spleen cells from this LCM-prime ...
Major histocompatibility complex
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a set of cell surface molecules encoded by a large gene family which controls a major part of the immune system in all vertebrates. The major function of major histocompatibility complexes is to bind to peptide fragments derived from pathogens and display them on the cell surface for recognition by the appropriate T-cells. MHC molecules mediate interactions of leukocytes, also called white blood cells (WBCs), which are immune cells, with other leukocytes or with body cells. The MHC determines compatibility of donors for organ transplant, as well as one's susceptibility to an autoimmune disease via crossreacting immunization. In humans, the MHC is also called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA).In a cell, protein molecules of the host's own phenotype or of other biologic entities are continually synthesized and degraded. Each MHC molecule on the cell surface displays a molecular fraction of a protein, called epitope. The presented antigen can be either 'self' or 'nonself', thus preventing an organism`s immune system targeting its own cells. In its entirety, the MHC population is like a meter indicating the balance of proteins within the cell.The MHC gene family is divided into three subgroups: class I, class II, and class III. Class I MHC molecules have β2 subunits so can only be recognised by CD8 co-receptors. Class II MHC molecules have no β2 subunits so can be recognised by CD4 co-receptors. In this way MHC molecules chaperones which type of lymphocytes may bind to the given antigen with high affinity, since different lymphocytes express different TCR co-receptors. Diversity of antigen presentation, mediated by MHC classes I and II, is attained in at least three ways: (1) an organism's MHC repertoire is polygenic (via multiple, interacting genes); (2) MHC expression is codominant (from both sets of inherited alleles); (3) MHC gene variants are highly polymorphic (diversely varying from organism to organism within a species). Major histocompatibility complex and sexual selection has been observed in male mice making mate choices of females with different MHCs and thus demonstrating sexual selection.