Ocean
... • Surface ocean currents are driven by the circulation of wind above surface waters, interacting with evaporation, sinking of cold water at high latitudes, and the Coriolis force generated by the earth's rotation. Frictional stress at the interface between the ocean and the wind causes the water to ...
... • Surface ocean currents are driven by the circulation of wind above surface waters, interacting with evaporation, sinking of cold water at high latitudes, and the Coriolis force generated by the earth's rotation. Frictional stress at the interface between the ocean and the wind causes the water to ...
Our Seas and Oceans - Konsortium Deutsche Meeresforschung
... The Alfred Wegener Institute conducts research in the Arctic, the Antarctic and in temperate latitudes. It coordinates polar research in Germany and contributes to knowledge on the complex interrelationships in the earth system. Understanding the driving forces and changes in the climate system has ...
... The Alfred Wegener Institute conducts research in the Arctic, the Antarctic and in temperate latitudes. It coordinates polar research in Germany and contributes to knowledge on the complex interrelationships in the earth system. Understanding the driving forces and changes in the climate system has ...
Report WorkShop 2 (Other project deliverable)
... potential threat to several marine habitats, in particular to whales, seals, and fish. Scientific data, while not conclusive, suggest that commercial shipping is resulting in significant increases in the overall underwater sound emissions in many ocean areas, particularly coastal zones. Incidental n ...
... potential threat to several marine habitats, in particular to whales, seals, and fish. Scientific data, while not conclusive, suggest that commercial shipping is resulting in significant increases in the overall underwater sound emissions in many ocean areas, particularly coastal zones. Incidental n ...
Agenda - European Cluster Collaboration Platform
... Summary: Emerging economic activities covered within the Blue Growth strategy, such as blue biotechnology, new marine sensing technologies, autonomous vehicles and other maritime robotic technologies, offshore aquaculture and ocean renewable energies, represent key areas to develop innovative techno ...
... Summary: Emerging economic activities covered within the Blue Growth strategy, such as blue biotechnology, new marine sensing technologies, autonomous vehicles and other maritime robotic technologies, offshore aquaculture and ocean renewable energies, represent key areas to develop innovative techno ...
Document
... There are other ways of saying it, but really the most urgent question for biological oceanography is whether the marine biosphere will mitigate or reinforce the increase of anthropogenic greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This increase, as Fig. 1 shows, is an instantaneous step function on the tim ...
... There are other ways of saying it, but really the most urgent question for biological oceanography is whether the marine biosphere will mitigate or reinforce the increase of anthropogenic greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This increase, as Fig. 1 shows, is an instantaneous step function on the tim ...
Marine Habitat Protection in Sea Areas under the
... integrity of the coral reefs by utilising bottom trawls and other ground gear to catch deep-water species in reef areas. There is also a danger to the biodiversity associated with the reefs as a result of ``ghost fishing'' by lost or discarded fixed nets and long-lines. The damage to corals by fishi ...
... integrity of the coral reefs by utilising bottom trawls and other ground gear to catch deep-water species in reef areas. There is also a danger to the biodiversity associated with the reefs as a result of ``ghost fishing'' by lost or discarded fixed nets and long-lines. The damage to corals by fishi ...
- Marine Spatial Ecology Lab
... regions that include both clear and optically turbid areas (Babin et al. 2003). Additionally, the Caribbean Sea contains optically shallow areas (e.g., the clear Bahamas banks) where light reflected by the seabed contributes to the reflectance spectra captured by the satellite sensor, resulting in m ...
... regions that include both clear and optically turbid areas (Babin et al. 2003). Additionally, the Caribbean Sea contains optically shallow areas (e.g., the clear Bahamas banks) where light reflected by the seabed contributes to the reflectance spectra captured by the satellite sensor, resulting in m ...
kipper tuna turrum project
... entrances to the strait and a deeper centre. A steep inshore profile extends to a less steep and moderate profile concluding with a flat outer shelf plain. The seabed of Bass Strait is characterised by a variety of sediment types that are associated with tidal currents, with sediment grain size link ...
... entrances to the strait and a deeper centre. A steep inshore profile extends to a less steep and moderate profile concluding with a flat outer shelf plain. The seabed of Bass Strait is characterised by a variety of sediment types that are associated with tidal currents, with sediment grain size link ...
The Biology, Ecology and Vulnerability of Seamount Communities
... sediments play host to a wide diversity of organisms that may burrow into sediments, live amongst sediment particles or on its surface. Animals living in the sands and muds of seamounts include various types of segmented and unsegmented worms, crustaceans, snails, clams and sea squirts. Smaller anim ...
... sediments play host to a wide diversity of organisms that may burrow into sediments, live amongst sediment particles or on its surface. Animals living in the sands and muds of seamounts include various types of segmented and unsegmented worms, crustaceans, snails, clams and sea squirts. Smaller anim ...
The effects of episodic rainfall events to the dynamics of
... A modelling procedure of hourly time discretisation is developed in order to study the effects of episodic rainfall events to the dynamics of coastal marine environments. This methodology was applied on the gulf of Gera, Island of Lesvos, Greece, a semi-enclosed and shallow ecosystem surrounded by a ...
... A modelling procedure of hourly time discretisation is developed in order to study the effects of episodic rainfall events to the dynamics of coastal marine environments. This methodology was applied on the gulf of Gera, Island of Lesvos, Greece, a semi-enclosed and shallow ecosystem surrounded by a ...
Dohan, K., and N. Maximenko, 2010: Monitoring ocean currents with
... turbulence. To understand the full system requires measuring a range of motions, from thousands of kilometers to less than a meter, and time scales from those that are climate related (decades) to daily processes. Presently, satellite systems provide us with global and regional maps of the ocean sur ...
... turbulence. To understand the full system requires measuring a range of motions, from thousands of kilometers to less than a meter, and time scales from those that are climate related (decades) to daily processes. Presently, satellite systems provide us with global and regional maps of the ocean sur ...
t7.2 coastal environments
... Coastal landforms (see T7.3) are the smallest of these divisions and have not been systematically identified in Nova Scotia. Regional divisions are distinct and widely recognized as follows: 1. Atlantic Coast: exposed, high wave energy 2. Bay of Fundy: large tidal range, semi-enclosed, more sheltere ...
... Coastal landforms (see T7.3) are the smallest of these divisions and have not been systematically identified in Nova Scotia. Regional divisions are distinct and widely recognized as follows: 1. Atlantic Coast: exposed, high wave energy 2. Bay of Fundy: large tidal range, semi-enclosed, more sheltere ...
PPT
... and forming carbonic acid CO2 + H2O -> H2CO3 (carbonic acid) 2. Carbonic acid is used to weather rocks (e.g. rain), yielding bicarbonate ions, other ions, and clays, which are dumped into ocean (e.g. river runoff) H2CO3 + H2O + silicate minerals -> HCO3- + cations (Ca++, Fe++, Na+, etc.) + clays 3. ...
... and forming carbonic acid CO2 + H2O -> H2CO3 (carbonic acid) 2. Carbonic acid is used to weather rocks (e.g. rain), yielding bicarbonate ions, other ions, and clays, which are dumped into ocean (e.g. river runoff) H2CO3 + H2O + silicate minerals -> HCO3- + cations (Ca++, Fe++, Na+, etc.) + clays 3. ...
IMOS National Reference Station (NRS) Network
... The continental shelf, continental margin, coastal ocean and coastal zone are fuzzy concepts for which various definitions have been proposed. The continental shelf is the area extending from the coast to the shelf break, which is usually defined by the 200 metre depth isobath. The continental ma ...
... The continental shelf, continental margin, coastal ocean and coastal zone are fuzzy concepts for which various definitions have been proposed. The continental shelf is the area extending from the coast to the shelf break, which is usually defined by the 200 metre depth isobath. The continental ma ...
Working Document of the Commission services Destructive Fishing
... and dredging and, in some cases, gillnetting, may qualify as destructive in fragile environments or in specific circumstances, for instance when large by-catch of nonmarketable species is expected. In any event, the destruction of bottom habitats figures prominently among the most detrimental impact ...
... and dredging and, in some cases, gillnetting, may qualify as destructive in fragile environments or in specific circumstances, for instance when large by-catch of nonmarketable species is expected. In any event, the destruction of bottom habitats figures prominently among the most detrimental impact ...
Future of the Ocean and its Seas: a non
... nations – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK and USA – not only have direct responsibility for around 40 million km2 of marine habitat (nearly twice their total land area), but together they produce the overwhelming majority (more than 80%; Jappe, 2007) of oceanographic scientific publication ...
... nations – Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK and USA – not only have direct responsibility for around 40 million km2 of marine habitat (nearly twice their total land area), but together they produce the overwhelming majority (more than 80%; Jappe, 2007) of oceanographic scientific publication ...
Swedish efforts to address ocean acidification, including links to
... levels is demonstrated by recent Swedish initiatives (e.g. “The Climate Step”, Klimatklivet [28]); To help poor countries, specifically Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and least developed countries (LDCs), with adaptation and establishment of climate-proof (and climate-smart) infrastructure. ...
... levels is demonstrated by recent Swedish initiatives (e.g. “The Climate Step”, Klimatklivet [28]); To help poor countries, specifically Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and least developed countries (LDCs), with adaptation and establishment of climate-proof (and climate-smart) infrastructure. ...
Relation Between the Productions of Hydrographic Surveying and
... 3.3 Improve the automatization degree of the hydrographic surveying’s support With the development of the information technology and the 3S (GPS、GIS、RS), the hydrographic surveying’s support for the marine law is transforming from handwork to automation. Especially, the geographic information system ...
... 3.3 Improve the automatization degree of the hydrographic surveying’s support With the development of the information technology and the 3S (GPS、GIS、RS), the hydrographic surveying’s support for the marine law is transforming from handwork to automation. Especially, the geographic information system ...
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... Swedish and the Finnish Maritime Administrations, Novo Meridian Ltd. (Finland), TKartor Sweden AB, and ESRI Redlands, is the subject of the next chapter. “HIS: A Hydrographic Information System for the Swedish and Finnish Maritime Administrations,” describes the architecture of a hydrographic inform ...
... Swedish and the Finnish Maritime Administrations, Novo Meridian Ltd. (Finland), TKartor Sweden AB, and ESRI Redlands, is the subject of the next chapter. “HIS: A Hydrographic Information System for the Swedish and Finnish Maritime Administrations,” describes the architecture of a hydrographic inform ...
GEO/OC 103 Exploring the Deep… Lab 2
... The earliest forms of life — blue-green algae — developed in the oceans, where water offered protection from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation that penetrated Earth’s early atmosphere. Through the process of photosynthesis, these organisms produced their own food using carbon dioxide, water, and ...
... The earliest forms of life — blue-green algae — developed in the oceans, where water offered protection from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation that penetrated Earth’s early atmosphere. Through the process of photosynthesis, these organisms produced their own food using carbon dioxide, water, and ...
chlorophyll concentration estimated from irradiance measurements
... measurements made at fluctuating depths, it would be necessary to determine the depthdependence of α ij ( z ) and β ij ( z ) . The depth-dependence of these parameters results from the depth variations of rij ( z ) in homogeneous waters, which in turn result from spectral attenuation and scattering ...
... measurements made at fluctuating depths, it would be necessary to determine the depthdependence of α ij ( z ) and β ij ( z ) . The depth-dependence of these parameters results from the depth variations of rij ( z ) in homogeneous waters, which in turn result from spectral attenuation and scattering ...
Marine habitats
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The marine environment supplies many kinds of habitats that support marine life. Marine life depends in some way on the saltwater that is in the sea (the term marine comes from the Latin mare, meaning sea or ocean). A habitat is an ecological or environmental area inhabited by one or more living species.Marine habitats can be divided into coastal and open ocean habitats. Coastal habitats are found in the area that extends from as far as the tide comes in on the shoreline out to the edge of the continental shelf. Most marine life is found in coastal habitats, even though the shelf area occupies only seven percent of the total ocean area. Open ocean habitats are found in the deep ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf.Alternatively, marine habitats can be divided into pelagic and demersal habitats. Pelagic habitats are found near the surface or in the open water column, away from the bottom of the ocean. Demersal habitats are near or on the bottom of the ocean. An organism living in a pelagic habitat is said to be a pelagic organism, as in pelagic fish. Similarly, an organism living in a demersal habitat is said to be a demersal organism, as in demersal fish. Pelagic habitats are intrinsically shifting and ephemeral, depending on what ocean currents are doing.Marine habitats can be modified by their inhabitants. Some marine organisms, like corals, kelp, mangroves and seagrasses, are ecosystem engineers which reshape the marine environment to the point where they create further habitat for other organisms.