Examining the global record of interannual variability in
... chlorophyll (a proxy for phytoplankton biomass) to stratification changes produced by climate-driven changes in the upper ocean’s heat content (including Gregg et al. [2005], Behrenfeld et al. [2006], Polovina et al. [2008], Irwin and Oliver [2009], Martinez et al. [2009], Vantrepotte and Melin [2009 ...
... chlorophyll (a proxy for phytoplankton biomass) to stratification changes produced by climate-driven changes in the upper ocean’s heat content (including Gregg et al. [2005], Behrenfeld et al. [2006], Polovina et al. [2008], Irwin and Oliver [2009], Martinez et al. [2009], Vantrepotte and Melin [2009 ...
A review of community ecology of mesophotic coral reef ecosystems
... representative subset of well-studied MCE locations are summarized in the remainder of this section. Western Atlantic In general, MCEs have been found on deeper fore-reef slopes adjacent to shallow-water coral reefs, deep-water rhodolith beds, and on isolated offshore banks on the continental shelf. ...
... representative subset of well-studied MCE locations are summarized in the remainder of this section. Western Atlantic In general, MCEs have been found on deeper fore-reef slopes adjacent to shallow-water coral reefs, deep-water rhodolith beds, and on isolated offshore banks on the continental shelf. ...
Ocean systems. In: Climate Change 2014
... dynamics (high confidence). Numerous observations over the last decades in all ocean basins show global-scale changes including largescale distribution shifts of species (very high confidence) and altered ecosystem composition (high confidence) on multi-decadal time scales, tracking climate trends. ...
... dynamics (high confidence). Numerous observations over the last decades in all ocean basins show global-scale changes including largescale distribution shifts of species (very high confidence) and altered ecosystem composition (high confidence) on multi-decadal time scales, tracking climate trends. ...
Low Res - SAHFOS
... dynamics (high confidence). Numerous observations over the last decades in all ocean basins show global-scale changes including largescale distribution shifts of species (very high confidence) and altered ecosystem composition (high confidence) on multi-decadal time scales, tracking climate trends. ...
... dynamics (high confidence). Numerous observations over the last decades in all ocean basins show global-scale changes including largescale distribution shifts of species (very high confidence) and altered ecosystem composition (high confidence) on multi-decadal time scales, tracking climate trends. ...
wgfast12
... The first theme addressed the development of ecosystem metrics and indicators from acoustic measurements. As in previous years, the topics included indicators/metrics for ecosystem-based management, re-analysis of existing time-series for non-target species/groups and the need to incorporate uncerta ...
... The first theme addressed the development of ecosystem metrics and indicators from acoustic measurements. As in previous years, the topics included indicators/metrics for ecosystem-based management, re-analysis of existing time-series for non-target species/groups and the need to incorporate uncerta ...
Summary Report of the first training workshop
... national levels; established an ocean acidification research and observing network in the Western Pacific and its adjacent region by bringing together regional experts who have been making efforts on the research and monitoring of ocean acidification. In view of the pressing need to draw the attenti ...
... national levels; established an ocean acidification research and observing network in the Western Pacific and its adjacent region by bringing together regional experts who have been making efforts on the research and monitoring of ocean acidification. In view of the pressing need to draw the attenti ...
Key - Scioly.org
... 51. List three sources of salt in the ocean. (3 points) • Gradual processes such as breaking up of cooled igneous rocks of Earth’s crust by weathering and erosion/ Chemical weathering of rock from land • Wearing down of mountains • Dissolving action of rains and streams which transported mineral was ...
... 51. List three sources of salt in the ocean. (3 points) • Gradual processes such as breaking up of cooled igneous rocks of Earth’s crust by weathering and erosion/ Chemical weathering of rock from land • Wearing down of mountains • Dissolving action of rains and streams which transported mineral was ...
Radiocarbon dating of late Quaternary sediments: reservoir
... distribution of 14C the technique can be used throughout the world and has been used to date samples. 14C is continuously producing in the upper atmosphere by the reaction of atmospheric nitrogen with neutrons that are produced from cosmic ray spallation reaction on other atmospheric components (14N ...
... distribution of 14C the technique can be used throughout the world and has been used to date samples. 14C is continuously producing in the upper atmosphere by the reaction of atmospheric nitrogen with neutrons that are produced from cosmic ray spallation reaction on other atmospheric components (14N ...
Obligation to Co-operate in Marine Scientific Research and
... research. Moreover, Article 244 (2) ensures that States, both individually and in co-operation with other States and with competent international organisations, shall actively promote the flow of scientific data and the transfer of knowledge resulting from marine scientific research, especially to d ...
... research. Moreover, Article 244 (2) ensures that States, both individually and in co-operation with other States and with competent international organisations, shall actively promote the flow of scientific data and the transfer of knowledge resulting from marine scientific research, especially to d ...
Understanding harmful algae in stratified systems
... great abundance and maturity. Retentive regions can act as incubators for phytoplankton blooms, including HABs, and can favor the establishment of thin layers (Jessup et al., 2009; McManus et al., 2008; Ryan et al., 2010). These locales also provide seed populations for subsequent blooms (Ryan et al ...
... great abundance and maturity. Retentive regions can act as incubators for phytoplankton blooms, including HABs, and can favor the establishment of thin layers (Jessup et al., 2009; McManus et al., 2008; Ryan et al., 2010). These locales also provide seed populations for subsequent blooms (Ryan et al ...
Best Practices in Tuna Longline Fisheries
... Tuna from longline fisheries Tuna are caught by a variety of fishing gears including purse seines, hook and line, harpoon, traps, and longlines. Longlines caught on average 12% of all tuna worldwide between 2009 and 2013 (ISSF 2015). Longlines are used to target a variety of tuna species including ...
... Tuna from longline fisheries Tuna are caught by a variety of fishing gears including purse seines, hook and line, harpoon, traps, and longlines. Longlines caught on average 12% of all tuna worldwide between 2009 and 2013 (ISSF 2015). Longlines are used to target a variety of tuna species including ...
pdf - Wiley Online Library
... where rpot is potential density. It was already pointed out by Lynn and Reid [1968] that the gradient of potential density underestimates the strength of the stability, especially in the deep western Atlantic Ocean, even to the point where it suggests instability when, in fact, the water column is s ...
... where rpot is potential density. It was already pointed out by Lynn and Reid [1968] that the gradient of potential density underestimates the strength of the stability, especially in the deep western Atlantic Ocean, even to the point where it suggests instability when, in fact, the water column is s ...
QUESTION: Review
... Intertidal zones are a tough place to live • But they have remarkable diversity - Rocky shorelines, crevices, pools of water (tide pools) - Anemones, mussels, barnacles, urchins, sea slugs, starfish, and crabs • Temperature, salinity, and moisture change dramatically from high to low tide ...
... Intertidal zones are a tough place to live • But they have remarkable diversity - Rocky shorelines, crevices, pools of water (tide pools) - Anemones, mussels, barnacles, urchins, sea slugs, starfish, and crabs • Temperature, salinity, and moisture change dramatically from high to low tide ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE
... Published work on the ecology and life-history patterns of oceanic species indicated that many are adapted to the unique habitats provided by Sargassum. The Sargasso Sea is a feeding ground for commercially important pelagic fishes such as swordfish bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna, white ...
... Published work on the ecology and life-history patterns of oceanic species indicated that many are adapted to the unique habitats provided by Sargassum. The Sargasso Sea is a feeding ground for commercially important pelagic fishes such as swordfish bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna, white ...
ocean acidification resulting from
... Ecosystems are likely to change but in yet unpredictable ways. Subpolar marine ecosystems such as those within the OSPAR maritime area are characterized by long generation times and few key species. Chemical properties of the relatively cold water implies a more rapidly reducing carbonate saturation ...
... Ecosystems are likely to change but in yet unpredictable ways. Subpolar marine ecosystems such as those within the OSPAR maritime area are characterized by long generation times and few key species. Chemical properties of the relatively cold water implies a more rapidly reducing carbonate saturation ...
Continental Shelf - US Naval War College
... shelf and in evaluating the continental shelf claims of other countries."12 Attached to that memorandum was the statement of policy, which reads: United States Policy Governing The Continental Shelf of the United States of America After reviewing the question of how to define and delimit the contine ...
... shelf and in evaluating the continental shelf claims of other countries."12 Attached to that memorandum was the statement of policy, which reads: United States Policy Governing The Continental Shelf of the United States of America After reviewing the question of how to define and delimit the contine ...
Age Determination of Marine Sediments in the Western North Pacific
... chronology and δ18O chronology in the sediments from the layers below the surface. However, significant differences in the ages estimated by these two methods were also obvious at the depths of 66.3 and 139 cm. Anomalies in Asp age corresponding to the depths of 66.3 cm and 139 cm were 33,000 during ...
... chronology and δ18O chronology in the sediments from the layers below the surface. However, significant differences in the ages estimated by these two methods were also obvious at the depths of 66.3 and 139 cm. Anomalies in Asp age corresponding to the depths of 66.3 cm and 139 cm were 33,000 during ...
Murugan and Durgekar - Fishing Down Marine Food Webs
... the mid-1990s, there had been an increase in the number of complaints from traditional fishermen regarding exploitation of fisheries by the trawlers. To address this conflict, the government had introduced the Tamil Nadu Marine Fisheries Act in 1983. The primary objective of this Act was to regulate ...
... the mid-1990s, there had been an increase in the number of complaints from traditional fishermen regarding exploitation of fisheries by the trawlers. To address this conflict, the government had introduced the Tamil Nadu Marine Fisheries Act in 1983. The primary objective of this Act was to regulate ...
MTS Journal Part 2 - Ocean Innovations
... flounder-like fish, it was proven that there is life even in the very deepest parts of the ocean. What started as a simple search for life has become over the years a search for answers to basic questions such as the number of species, their distribution ranges, and the composition of the fauna. The d ...
... flounder-like fish, it was proven that there is life even in the very deepest parts of the ocean. What started as a simple search for life has become over the years a search for answers to basic questions such as the number of species, their distribution ranges, and the composition of the fauna. The d ...
Nutrient dynamics and phytoplankton development along an
... 0924-7963/$ – see front matter © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ...
... 0924-7963/$ – see front matter © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ...
Marine habitats
The marine environment supplies many kinds of habitats that support marine life. Marine life depends in some way on the saltwater that is in the sea (the term marine comes from the Latin mare, meaning sea or ocean). A habitat is an ecological or environmental area inhabited by one or more living species.Marine habitats can be divided into coastal and open ocean habitats. Coastal habitats are found in the area that extends from as far as the tide comes in on the shoreline out to the edge of the continental shelf. Most marine life is found in coastal habitats, even though the shelf area occupies only seven percent of the total ocean area. Open ocean habitats are found in the deep ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf.Alternatively, marine habitats can be divided into pelagic and demersal habitats. Pelagic habitats are found near the surface or in the open water column, away from the bottom of the ocean. Demersal habitats are near or on the bottom of the ocean. An organism living in a pelagic habitat is said to be a pelagic organism, as in pelagic fish. Similarly, an organism living in a demersal habitat is said to be a demersal organism, as in demersal fish. Pelagic habitats are intrinsically shifting and ephemeral, depending on what ocean currents are doing.Marine habitats can be modified by their inhabitants. Some marine organisms, like corals, kelp, mangroves and seagrasses, are ecosystem engineers which reshape the marine environment to the point where they create further habitat for other organisms.