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Seabed Disposal
... Much of the deep ocean seabed consists of abyssal hills and vast plains that are geologically stable and have sparse numbers of bottom-dwelling organisms. These areas have been characterized as oozes, hundreds of meters thick, that are in effect "deserts" in the sea. Other attributes of the deep oce ...
... Much of the deep ocean seabed consists of abyssal hills and vast plains that are geologically stable and have sparse numbers of bottom-dwelling organisms. These areas have been characterized as oozes, hundreds of meters thick, that are in effect "deserts" in the sea. Other attributes of the deep oce ...
1 Part 2. Oceanic Carbon and Nutrient Cycling Lecture Outline 1
... • The zone of methanogenesis underlies the zone of sulfate reduction. - Sulfate reducing bacteria out-compete methanogens for reduced C substrates. • Because the oceans have high SO42- concentrations (28 mM), methanogenesis is uncommon. • Most methane released from sediments is oxidized in the water ...
... • The zone of methanogenesis underlies the zone of sulfate reduction. - Sulfate reducing bacteria out-compete methanogens for reduced C substrates. • Because the oceans have high SO42- concentrations (28 mM), methanogenesis is uncommon. • Most methane released from sediments is oxidized in the water ...
Marine Primary Productivity: Measurements and Variability
... primary producers. Primary producers however, immediately respire some of the organic matter they make to meet their own energy needs, so it is not available as food to other organisms. We are more interested, however, in Net primary production, which is the organic matter that is left over or the c ...
... primary producers. Primary producers however, immediately respire some of the organic matter they make to meet their own energy needs, so it is not available as food to other organisms. We are more interested, however, in Net primary production, which is the organic matter that is left over or the c ...
nine leading marine scientists
... the Ecopath approach in the early 1980s. Christensen, along with Daniel Pauly and others, has been involved in the subsequent development of Ecopath since 1990. Christensen currently facilitates international workshops on Ecopath around the world. He is an associate professor at the Fisheries Centre ...
... the Ecopath approach in the early 1980s. Christensen, along with Daniel Pauly and others, has been involved in the subsequent development of Ecopath since 1990. Christensen currently facilitates international workshops on Ecopath around the world. He is an associate professor at the Fisheries Centre ...
Currents Powerpoint Notes
... in 40 years. Oddly, five of the century’s warmest years have been in the last decade. ...
... in 40 years. Oddly, five of the century’s warmest years have been in the last decade. ...
EPSS 15 Introduction to Oceanography – Spring 2017 Physiography
... 1. Mid-ocean Ridge and Rise System: This chain of mountains is 60,000 km long. It often has a central rift valley as much as 1 km deep and a rugged topography on its flanks (Figure 7). The Ridge and Rise System stands 1 to 3 km above the deeper ocean basin and is frequently cut and offset by numerou ...
... 1. Mid-ocean Ridge and Rise System: This chain of mountains is 60,000 km long. It often has a central rift valley as much as 1 km deep and a rugged topography on its flanks (Figure 7). The Ridge and Rise System stands 1 to 3 km above the deeper ocean basin and is frequently cut and offset by numerou ...
15.2 The Diversity of Ocean Life
... pelagic zone is home to phytoplankton, zooplankton, and nekton, such as tuna, sea turtles, and dolphins. The aphotic part of this zone has giant squid and other species that are adapted to life in deep water. Benthos organisms such as giant kelp, sponges, crabs, sea anemones, sea stars, and marine w ...
... pelagic zone is home to phytoplankton, zooplankton, and nekton, such as tuna, sea turtles, and dolphins. The aphotic part of this zone has giant squid and other species that are adapted to life in deep water. Benthos organisms such as giant kelp, sponges, crabs, sea anemones, sea stars, and marine w ...
history_Oceanography..
... opening for the second year in a row, as shown in the AMSR-E sea ice product from the University of Bremen (Figure 4). The most recent operational analysis from the Canadian Ice Service and the U.S. National Ice Center on August 8 showed a small section of Amundsen’s historic path still blocked by a ...
... opening for the second year in a row, as shown in the AMSR-E sea ice product from the University of Bremen (Figure 4). The most recent operational analysis from the Canadian Ice Service and the U.S. National Ice Center on August 8 showed a small section of Amundsen’s historic path still blocked by a ...
Sea-Floor Spreading Mid
... that run along the middle of the ocean floors Scientists call these ___________ __________ **They form long chains of mountains that rise up from ...
... that run along the middle of the ocean floors Scientists call these ___________ __________ **They form long chains of mountains that rise up from ...
SOES News - University of Southampton
... relevant for our students,” explains Professor Martin Solan. “That means they not only learn the theory of how factors such as climate change, pollution and development affect our coastline, but also use their analytical skills in varied online assignments to gain a full understanding of what is goi ...
... relevant for our students,” explains Professor Martin Solan. “That means they not only learn the theory of how factors such as climate change, pollution and development affect our coastline, but also use their analytical skills in varied online assignments to gain a full understanding of what is goi ...
The Ocean Floor Bethany Ostlund 4th Grade The Ocean Floor
... The Ocean Floor What is going on at the Marianas trench? The oceanic plate or in this case the fastmoving pacific plate, plunges downward toward the mantle, while the continental plate or the Philippine Plate, rides up over the top. The forces driving the two plates together are really intense, so ...
... The Ocean Floor What is going on at the Marianas trench? The oceanic plate or in this case the fastmoving pacific plate, plunges downward toward the mantle, while the continental plate or the Philippine Plate, rides up over the top. The forces driving the two plates together are really intense, so ...
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 13.9.2012
... UN Food and Agriculture Organisation estimates21 that aquaculture provides half of this and that by 2030 it will reach 65%. It is currently 25% in the EU. Globally, it has a growth rate of 6.6% per annum, making it the fastest-growing animal-food-producing sector and faster than the 1.8% annual glob ...
... UN Food and Agriculture Organisation estimates21 that aquaculture provides half of this and that by 2030 it will reach 65%. It is currently 25% in the EU. Globally, it has a growth rate of 6.6% per annum, making it the fastest-growing animal-food-producing sector and faster than the 1.8% annual glob ...
Blue Growth - Marinebiotech
... UN Food and Agriculture Organisation estimates21 that aquaculture provides half of this and that by 2030 it will reach 65%. It is currently 25% in the EU. Globally, it has a growth rate of 6.6% per annum, making it the fastest-growing animal-food-producing sector and faster than the 1.8% annual glob ...
... UN Food and Agriculture Organisation estimates21 that aquaculture provides half of this and that by 2030 it will reach 65%. It is currently 25% in the EU. Globally, it has a growth rate of 6.6% per annum, making it the fastest-growing animal-food-producing sector and faster than the 1.8% annual glob ...
Chapter 23 Test Review Notes
... above a particular location. How deep is the ocean if a sound pulse takes 10 seconds to reach the bottom and return to a surface ship? 7500 meters ...
... above a particular location. How deep is the ocean if a sound pulse takes 10 seconds to reach the bottom and return to a surface ship? 7500 meters ...
Chapter 6: Ecosystems and the Physical Environment
... nitrogen (N2) and combine the resulting single nitrogen atoms with hydrogen. Nitrogenase functions only in the absence of oxygen. ...
... nitrogen (N2) and combine the resulting single nitrogen atoms with hydrogen. Nitrogenase functions only in the absence of oxygen. ...
Submerged Aquatic Vegetation
... Nonpoint source pollution includes surface and ground water that contains sediment, pesticides or other contaminants ...
... Nonpoint source pollution includes surface and ground water that contains sediment, pesticides or other contaminants ...
Cleaning Oil Spills
... • Made of various hydrocarbons – Contains hydrogen and carbon – Organic and can be biodegraded ...
... • Made of various hydrocarbons – Contains hydrogen and carbon – Organic and can be biodegraded ...
Aquatic and Marine Biomes
... Streams begin at a point of origin referred to as source water. The source water is usually cold, low in nutrients, and clear. The channel (the width of the river or stream) is narrower here than at any other place along the length of the river or stream. Headwater streams are of necessity at a high ...
... Streams begin at a point of origin referred to as source water. The source water is usually cold, low in nutrients, and clear. The channel (the width of the river or stream) is narrower here than at any other place along the length of the river or stream. Headwater streams are of necessity at a high ...
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal for the Oceans
... and well-being. They are home to a rich, often fragile, and largely unexplored biodiversity. They provide essential ecosystem services, and they are the primary source of protein for one billion people worldwide. Ocean-based industries contribute roughly US$ 1.5 trillion to the global economy, with ...
... and well-being. They are home to a rich, often fragile, and largely unexplored biodiversity. They provide essential ecosystem services, and they are the primary source of protein for one billion people worldwide. Ocean-based industries contribute roughly US$ 1.5 trillion to the global economy, with ...
Marine Acidification
... and calcite), meaning that under present surface conditions these minerals have no tendency to dissolve and that there is still enough calcium and carbonate ions available for marine organisms to build their shells or skeletons. Colder and deeper waters are naturally under saturated with respect to ...
... and calcite), meaning that under present surface conditions these minerals have no tendency to dissolve and that there is still enough calcium and carbonate ions available for marine organisms to build their shells or skeletons. Colder and deeper waters are naturally under saturated with respect to ...
Submission - Inquiry into Australia`s Urban Water Management
... including extensive seagrass beds, mangrove forests, sandbanks, sponge and soft coral gardens, and soft bottom and island communities. The reef is not a continuous barrier, but a broken maze of coral reefs and coral cays. It includes some 2,900 individual reefs, of which 760 are fringing reefs close ...
... including extensive seagrass beds, mangrove forests, sandbanks, sponge and soft coral gardens, and soft bottom and island communities. The reef is not a continuous barrier, but a broken maze of coral reefs and coral cays. It includes some 2,900 individual reefs, of which 760 are fringing reefs close ...
Increasing knowledge: the grand challenge in marine biotechnology
... and fucoidans. A wide range of biological activities (anticoagulant, antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammation, etc.) have been attributed to fucoidans (Silchenko et al., 2013) and their role with respect to structure-activity relationships is still under debate. A few available studies look at algal ...
... and fucoidans. A wide range of biological activities (anticoagulant, antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammation, etc.) have been attributed to fucoidans (Silchenko et al., 2013) and their role with respect to structure-activity relationships is still under debate. A few available studies look at algal ...
Chapter 8 Powerpoint
... Half of coastal wetlands lost to agriculture and urban development Over one-fifth of mangrove forests lost to agriculture, aquaculture, and development Beaches eroding due to development and rising sea levels ...
... Half of coastal wetlands lost to agriculture and urban development Over one-fifth of mangrove forests lost to agriculture, aquaculture, and development Beaches eroding due to development and rising sea levels ...
Chemical and Physical Features of Seawater and the World Ocean
... This is a NASA satellite image of the warm waters of the Gulf Stream running up the U.S. eastern seaboard. The Gulf Stream shows up as a winding rope of orange and yellow (indicating warm waters) against the cooler green and blue waters. Credit: MODIS Ocean Group NASA/GSFC SST product by ...
... This is a NASA satellite image of the warm waters of the Gulf Stream running up the U.S. eastern seaboard. The Gulf Stream shows up as a winding rope of orange and yellow (indicating warm waters) against the cooler green and blue waters. Credit: MODIS Ocean Group NASA/GSFC SST product by ...
Marine pollution
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Obvious_water_pollution.jpeg?width=300)
Marine pollution occurs when harmful, or potentially harmful, effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Most sources of marine pollution are land based. The pollution often comes from nonpoint sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.Many potentially toxic chemicals adhere to tiny particles which are then taken up by plankton and benthos animals, most of which are either deposit or filter feeders. In this way, the toxins are concentrated upward within ocean food chains. Many particles combine chemically in a manner highly depletive of oxygen, causing estuaries to become anoxic.When pesticides are incorporated into the marine ecosystem, they quickly become absorbed into marine food webs. Once in the food webs, these pesticides can cause mutations, as well as diseases, which can be harmful to humans as well as the entire food web.Toxic metals can also be introduced into marine food webs. These can cause a change to tissue matter, biochemistry, behaviour, reproduction, and suppress growth in marine life. Also, many animal feeds have a high fish meal or fish hydrolysate content. In this way, marine toxins can be transferred to land animals, and appear later in meat and dairy products.