Genome Degradation is an Ongoing Process in Rickettsia
... only an incidental host, although as many as 10 isolates are known to be human pathogens. The SFG Rickettsia normally multiply in the cytoplasm, but some species are also capable of penetrating the host cell nucleus (Wisseman et al. 1976). Rickettsia felis has been classified with the SFG Rickettsia ...
... only an incidental host, although as many as 10 isolates are known to be human pathogens. The SFG Rickettsia normally multiply in the cytoplasm, but some species are also capable of penetrating the host cell nucleus (Wisseman et al. 1976). Rickettsia felis has been classified with the SFG Rickettsia ...
The red color of this snow is due to a blue
... reproduce, in order to do so, they destroy living tissue for food Other types of bacteria create toxins during growth and development which can destroy ...
... reproduce, in order to do so, they destroy living tissue for food Other types of bacteria create toxins during growth and development which can destroy ...
Gram-negative bacteria
... Candidates for the source of viral genomes are plasmids (circular DNA in bacteria and yeasts) and transposons (small mobile DNA segments) – Plasmids, transposons, and viruses are all ...
... Candidates for the source of viral genomes are plasmids (circular DNA in bacteria and yeasts) and transposons (small mobile DNA segments) – Plasmids, transposons, and viruses are all ...
Chapter 13
... results from one of several types of genetic change. A chromosomal mutation (spontaneous genetic change) usually confers resistance to only a single antibiotic, while acquisition of R (resistance) plasmid from resistant strains can confer resistance to several antibiotics at once. Transposons, or “j ...
... results from one of several types of genetic change. A chromosomal mutation (spontaneous genetic change) usually confers resistance to only a single antibiotic, while acquisition of R (resistance) plasmid from resistant strains can confer resistance to several antibiotics at once. Transposons, or “j ...
The use of signature sequences in different proteins
... determination of the relative branching order of the major divisions among Bacteria [Gupta, R. S. (2000) FEMS Microbiol Rev 24, 367–402]. For this purpose, segments of the Hsp60 (groEL), Hsp70 (dnaK), CTP synthase and alanyl-tRNA synthetase genes, which are known to contain signature sequences that ...
... determination of the relative branching order of the major divisions among Bacteria [Gupta, R. S. (2000) FEMS Microbiol Rev 24, 367–402]. For this purpose, segments of the Hsp60 (groEL), Hsp70 (dnaK), CTP synthase and alanyl-tRNA synthetase genes, which are known to contain signature sequences that ...
Electric polarization properties of single bacteria measured with electrostatic force microscopy
... a copy of the chromosomal DNA. Bacterial genetic variability is mainly influenced by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) . The different mechanisms of HGT make it possible that bacteria adapt to different environments. As an example, bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics b ...
... a copy of the chromosomal DNA. Bacterial genetic variability is mainly influenced by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) . The different mechanisms of HGT make it possible that bacteria adapt to different environments. As an example, bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics b ...
Rhizopus spp - Microbiology
... • The fungus benefits from the symbiosis but what benefit does the bacteria obtain? • How does the fungus acquire the symbiont? ...
... • The fungus benefits from the symbiosis but what benefit does the bacteria obtain? • How does the fungus acquire the symbiont? ...
Bacterial Classification, Structure and Function
... gradual and consistent rate. They are therefore useful for making comparisons among the different living organisms. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis: This has emerged as a major method for classification. It has been used (as described above) to establish a phylogenetic tree. In addition, it i ...
... gradual and consistent rate. They are therefore useful for making comparisons among the different living organisms. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis: This has emerged as a major method for classification. It has been used (as described above) to establish a phylogenetic tree. In addition, it i ...
Genetic and functional characterization of the gene cluster directing
... a mass difference of 14 Da (Kuiper et al., 2004). Other known Pseudomonas lipopeptides, such as viscosinamide (Nielsen et al., 1999), syringomycin (Hutchison et al., 1995), amphisin (Sørensen et al., 2001), tensin (Henriksen et al., 2000) and arthrofactin (Roongsawang et al., 2003), have a shorter a ...
... a mass difference of 14 Da (Kuiper et al., 2004). Other known Pseudomonas lipopeptides, such as viscosinamide (Nielsen et al., 1999), syringomycin (Hutchison et al., 1995), amphisin (Sørensen et al., 2001), tensin (Henriksen et al., 2000) and arthrofactin (Roongsawang et al., 2003), have a shorter a ...
9 Bacterial groups
... Spore-forming ability Motility (how many flagella and where attached, gliding) Fruiting or budding ability Ability to live with or without oxygen • Metabolic abilities Use of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids • Serology (recognition by blood antibodies) • Phage Typing (recognition by specific viruses) ...
... Spore-forming ability Motility (how many flagella and where attached, gliding) Fruiting or budding ability Ability to live with or without oxygen • Metabolic abilities Use of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids • Serology (recognition by blood antibodies) • Phage Typing (recognition by specific viruses) ...
Nucleic acids as biomarkers Sequence Conservation Level
... 16S rRNA analysis = changes in one gene (DNA sequence) at one site in the genome REP = short sequences that are occur in multiple locations throughout the bacterial genome REP-PCR assays variation in sequence at multiple sites throughout the genome Patterns differentiate bacteria at subspecies level ...
... 16S rRNA analysis = changes in one gene (DNA sequence) at one site in the genome REP = short sequences that are occur in multiple locations throughout the bacterial genome REP-PCR assays variation in sequence at multiple sites throughout the genome Patterns differentiate bacteria at subspecies level ...
Chapter 24-Bacteria
... • Bacteria MOST susceptible die FIRST; however, a few MUTANT resistant bacteria SURVIVE and continue to grow with RESISTANCE. NOTE: Bacterial DEFENSES include cell walls that PREVENT passage of the antibiotic as well as secretion of bacterial ENZYMES that destroy or alter the antibiotic, REDUCING it ...
... • Bacteria MOST susceptible die FIRST; however, a few MUTANT resistant bacteria SURVIVE and continue to grow with RESISTANCE. NOTE: Bacterial DEFENSES include cell walls that PREVENT passage of the antibiotic as well as secretion of bacterial ENZYMES that destroy or alter the antibiotic, REDUCING it ...
Bacterial Classification, Structure and Function
... sequences are highly conserved and undergo change at a slow, gradual and consistent rate. They are therefore useful for making comparisons among the different living organisms. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis: This has emerged as a major method for classification. It has been used (as describ ...
... sequences are highly conserved and undergo change at a slow, gradual and consistent rate. They are therefore useful for making comparisons among the different living organisms. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis: This has emerged as a major method for classification. It has been used (as describ ...
Eubacteria
... Cyanobacteria are most self-sufficient when it comes to Nitrogen Fixation since they only need light, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, and some minerals to grow. Methanogens are unique way they get energy: use carbon dioxide to oxidize Hydrogen, & methane is released as waste. Bacteria are organized ...
... Cyanobacteria are most self-sufficient when it comes to Nitrogen Fixation since they only need light, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, and some minerals to grow. Methanogens are unique way they get energy: use carbon dioxide to oxidize Hydrogen, & methane is released as waste. Bacteria are organized ...
Microsoft Word - 10EvMattersBooklet_2
... 1. Two weeks ago, Lulu-Anne was diagnosed with strep throat which is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. She was treated by her family doctor with the antibiotic called amoxicillin. Soon after finishing all the doses of amoxicillin in her prescription, she felt better and most of the sym ...
... 1. Two weeks ago, Lulu-Anne was diagnosed with strep throat which is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. She was treated by her family doctor with the antibiotic called amoxicillin. Soon after finishing all the doses of amoxicillin in her prescription, she felt better and most of the sym ...
REVIEW: Lab Quiz #2 Wed. April 12
... zone of inhibition (absolutely no growth), consult a table of values (don’t directly compare the sizes of two different zones). Size of zone is affected by rate of diffusion of the antibiotic, and the concentration, as well as bacterial sensitivity/resistance. Lab 24 UV light. What species of bacter ...
... zone of inhibition (absolutely no growth), consult a table of values (don’t directly compare the sizes of two different zones). Size of zone is affected by rate of diffusion of the antibiotic, and the concentration, as well as bacterial sensitivity/resistance. Lab 24 UV light. What species of bacter ...
I. Microbes
... 2. Defective virus(缺陷病毒): a defective virus is one that lacks one or more functional genes required for virus replication. defective virus require helper activity from another virus for some step in replication. 3. Interference(干扰现象):The infection of cell by a virus results in that cell becoming res ...
... 2. Defective virus(缺陷病毒): a defective virus is one that lacks one or more functional genes required for virus replication. defective virus require helper activity from another virus for some step in replication. 3. Interference(干扰现象):The infection of cell by a virus results in that cell becoming res ...
Sporulation genes in members of the low G+C Gram-type
... many functional sporulation genes still will be present. Most of the processes of endosporulation investigated to date appear to be highly similar among all endosporeforming species, and thus it is usually assumed that all endospore-forming species most likely arose from the same sporulating ancesto ...
... many functional sporulation genes still will be present. Most of the processes of endosporulation investigated to date appear to be highly similar among all endosporeforming species, and thus it is usually assumed that all endospore-forming species most likely arose from the same sporulating ancesto ...
Molecular detection of pathogenic leptospiral serovars by PCR
... genus Leptospira. Accurate diagnosis for differentiation of leptospirosis from other pyrogenic infections prevailing in the same locality and is imperative for proper treatment. Therefore a molecular diagnostic test with high specificity and sensitivity such as PCR is essential. Gene encoding of out ...
... genus Leptospira. Accurate diagnosis for differentiation of leptospirosis from other pyrogenic infections prevailing in the same locality and is imperative for proper treatment. Therefore a molecular diagnostic test with high specificity and sensitivity such as PCR is essential. Gene encoding of out ...
Resistance to anti-peptide deformylase drugs
... made in E. coli [9,10] and Staphylococcus aureus [11]. Apfel et al. have also investigated the resistance mechanism triggered upon anti-PDF treatment. Unfortunately, the authors have only reported results obtained with E. coli. The fact that they obtain inactivation of the fmt gene is not surprising ...
... made in E. coli [9,10] and Staphylococcus aureus [11]. Apfel et al. have also investigated the resistance mechanism triggered upon anti-PDF treatment. Unfortunately, the authors have only reported results obtained with E. coli. The fact that they obtain inactivation of the fmt gene is not surprising ...
1. Genes and RNA
... specialized subunit called the sigma factor (σ), which directly contacts the promoter sequence. The complex formed by the sigma subunit with the remaining polymerase core subunits constitutes the bacterial holoenzyme. Bacteria contain a variety of sigma factors that specifically recognize different ...
... specialized subunit called the sigma factor (σ), which directly contacts the promoter sequence. The complex formed by the sigma subunit with the remaining polymerase core subunits constitutes the bacterial holoenzyme. Bacteria contain a variety of sigma factors that specifically recognize different ...
Outcomes of co-evolutionary addiction (PDF File 179.2 KB)
... shift with the discovery that most insects harbour microbial symbionts that drive many aspects of insect biology,’ says Dr Riegler. ‘Microbes of insects can define insect diets, protect insects from parasites and cause insects to diversify. As a result, they contribute greatly to the ecological and ...
... shift with the discovery that most insects harbour microbial symbionts that drive many aspects of insect biology,’ says Dr Riegler. ‘Microbes of insects can define insect diets, protect insects from parasites and cause insects to diversify. As a result, they contribute greatly to the ecological and ...
2/9/2014 Lab 2: Identifying Algae and Protists Objective
... Objective- Our objectives for this lab were to analyze, study, and understand the characteristics of Protists and Algae and to understand how to use that dichotomus key. We also observed our hay infusion cultures and prepared serial dilutions. I believe that in the hay infusions we will find a lot o ...
... Objective- Our objectives for this lab were to analyze, study, and understand the characteristics of Protists and Algae and to understand how to use that dichotomus key. We also observed our hay infusion cultures and prepared serial dilutions. I believe that in the hay infusions we will find a lot o ...
Horizontal gene transfer
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the transfer of genes between organisms in a manner other than traditional reproduction. Also termed lateral gene transfer (LGT), it contrasts with vertical transfer, the transmission of genes from the parental generation to offspring via sexual or asexual reproduction. HGT has been shown to be an important factor in the evolution of many organisms.Horizontal gene transfer is the primary reason for bacterial antibiotic resistance, and plays an important role in the evolution of bacteria that can degrade novel compounds such as human-created pesticides and in the evolution, maintenance, and transmission of virulence. This horizontal gene transfer often involves temperate bacteriophages and plasmids. Genes that are responsible for antibiotic resistance in one species of bacteria can be transferred to another species of bacteria through various mechanisms (e.g., via F-pilus), subsequently arming the antibiotic resistant genes' recipient against antibiotics, which is becoming a medical challenge to deal with.Most thinking in genetics has focused upon vertical transfer, but there is a growing awareness that horizontal gene transfer is a highly significant phenomenon and among single-celled organisms perhaps the dominant form of genetic transfer.Artificial horizontal gene transfer is a form of genetic engineering.