Targeting of specific domains of diphtheria toxin by site
... forming a part of the region containing the putative receptor binding domain. All of the anti-peptide antibodies recognized the corresponding peptide, and also reacted with the toxin, specifically with the fragment containing the sequence against which they were raised, confirming the utility of thi ...
... forming a part of the region containing the putative receptor binding domain. All of the anti-peptide antibodies recognized the corresponding peptide, and also reacted with the toxin, specifically with the fragment containing the sequence against which they were raised, confirming the utility of thi ...
Get full text - The SeaDoc Society
... Canine distemper virus is epitheliotropic, replicating rapidly in epithelial cells. Consequently, major modes of transmission include aerosolization of virus through respiratory exudate, and probably to a lesser extent through oral secretions, urine and feces. The virus is relatively short-lived in ...
... Canine distemper virus is epitheliotropic, replicating rapidly in epithelial cells. Consequently, major modes of transmission include aerosolization of virus through respiratory exudate, and probably to a lesser extent through oral secretions, urine and feces. The virus is relatively short-lived in ...
Review of existing experimental methods for assessing the outcome
... the presence of pathogens or their products through the initial binding of soluble proteins and cell-surface receptors which then facilitate the process of elimination (Bonilla & Oettgen, 2010; Parham, 2009). At the same time humoral elements also contribute significantly, in particular antimicrobia ...
... the presence of pathogens or their products through the initial binding of soluble proteins and cell-surface receptors which then facilitate the process of elimination (Bonilla & Oettgen, 2010; Parham, 2009). At the same time humoral elements also contribute significantly, in particular antimicrobia ...
O-Linked Glycoproteins - Sigma
... O-linked glycosylation is a true post-translational event that occurs in the Golgi, and no oligosaccharide precursor is required for protein transfer. The serine/threonine residues are modified directly by covalent addition of N-acetylgalactosamine residues. Initiation of mucin-type O-glycosylation ...
... O-linked glycosylation is a true post-translational event that occurs in the Golgi, and no oligosaccharide precursor is required for protein transfer. The serine/threonine residues are modified directly by covalent addition of N-acetylgalactosamine residues. Initiation of mucin-type O-glycosylation ...
Whooping cough
... effective and should not be used.8 Multiple treatments have been tried to alleviate the cough, but none are beneficial.9 Patients should be excluded from childcare, school or work until they have received at least five days of antibiotics or are three weeks after the onset of the paroxysmal phase. A ...
... effective and should not be used.8 Multiple treatments have been tried to alleviate the cough, but none are beneficial.9 Patients should be excluded from childcare, school or work until they have received at least five days of antibiotics or are three weeks after the onset of the paroxysmal phase. A ...
The Impact of Disease Nutrition and Management on the Beef
... leptospirosis vaccine. Both should be administered pre-breeding which can be a logistical concern for cow calf producers. Leptospirosis has been reported to be the most commonly reported disease causing abortion in beef cattle. Vaccination every twelve months in closed herds and every six months in ...
... leptospirosis vaccine. Both should be administered pre-breeding which can be a logistical concern for cow calf producers. Leptospirosis has been reported to be the most commonly reported disease causing abortion in beef cattle. Vaccination every twelve months in closed herds and every six months in ...
Infectious bronchitis virus infections of chickens in Belgium
... (Huang and Wang, 2007). Further, vaccine strains might –just as it is observed in field strains- sporadically undergo mutation for the S1 protein under field circumstances. Isolates with slight S1 deviations compared to vaccine strains thus do not necessarily indicate field viruses. This should be k ...
... (Huang and Wang, 2007). Further, vaccine strains might –just as it is observed in field strains- sporadically undergo mutation for the S1 protein under field circumstances. Isolates with slight S1 deviations compared to vaccine strains thus do not necessarily indicate field viruses. This should be k ...
Assessment of vaccination strategies against highly pathogenic
... vaccine was applied in the selected provinces in northern China in 2006. In 2006, Smith et al. reported the emergence and predominance in poultry in China since late 2005 of a previously uncharacterized H5N1 virus sublineage (Fujian-like) [8]. Viruses from this sublineage gradually replaced those mu ...
... vaccine was applied in the selected provinces in northern China in 2006. In 2006, Smith et al. reported the emergence and predominance in poultry in China since late 2005 of a previously uncharacterized H5N1 virus sublineage (Fujian-like) [8]. Viruses from this sublineage gradually replaced those mu ...
Success Story - Henry M. Jackson Foundation
... epidemics of severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia in premature infants and fragile young children. Until 1995, medical providers knew of no way to prevent RSV. Then, a new preventive therapy was developed through a collaborative effort involving many researchers and facilitated by HJF. In the 1970’s, ...
... epidemics of severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia in premature infants and fragile young children. Until 1995, medical providers knew of no way to prevent RSV. Then, a new preventive therapy was developed through a collaborative effort involving many researchers and facilitated by HJF. In the 1970’s, ...
A Review of Artificial Immune System Based Security Frameworks
... tem identifies non-self states and upon identification of a non-self the cause must be contained. This can only be achieved upon reconfiguration of the device and performing test patterns at a low level. The process used hand selection in order to pick a detector set. In [2] they have used negative ...
... tem identifies non-self states and upon identification of a non-self the cause must be contained. This can only be achieved upon reconfiguration of the device and performing test patterns at a low level. The process used hand selection in order to pick a detector set. In [2] they have used negative ...
REVIEW ARTICLE - Hepatitis Monthly
... employees, or infection is recognized in two or more households of those who attend the center. In centers that do not provide care to children who wear diapers, immune globulin should only be given to classroom contacts of an index-case patient. If an outbreak occurs, administration of immune globu ...
... employees, or infection is recognized in two or more households of those who attend the center. In centers that do not provide care to children who wear diapers, immune globulin should only be given to classroom contacts of an index-case patient. If an outbreak occurs, administration of immune globu ...
Cancer Vaccine Therapies: Failures and Future Opportunities
... new all-time high of $140 with a market capitalization above $3.3 billion (see Appendix D: Idec Pharmaceuticals - Anatomy of a Success). Worldwide net sales of Rituxan® reached $1.5 billion in 2002 and the following summer IDEC Pharmaceuticals acquired Biogen, Inc. in a stock transaction valued at a ...
... new all-time high of $140 with a market capitalization above $3.3 billion (see Appendix D: Idec Pharmaceuticals - Anatomy of a Success). Worldwide net sales of Rituxan® reached $1.5 billion in 2002 and the following summer IDEC Pharmaceuticals acquired Biogen, Inc. in a stock transaction valued at a ...
Strengthening the Immune System
... cells from the thymus gland of one calf, sacrificed eleven years ago; no other animals have been or will be sacrificed to make TPA. Through a patented process, it is cell cultured, highly purified, freezedried and contains the same protein produced by our own thymus gland which acts to activate the ...
... cells from the thymus gland of one calf, sacrificed eleven years ago; no other animals have been or will be sacrificed to make TPA. Through a patented process, it is cell cultured, highly purified, freezedried and contains the same protein produced by our own thymus gland which acts to activate the ...
Psychological Stress and Antibody Response to Immunization: A
... T-helper or “CD4” cell. The CD4 cell will then differentiate into a “CD4 TH1” or “CD4 TH2 cell.” The differentiated CD4 cell then binds to the antigenspecific B lymphocyte and through a combination of direct activation and release of chemical messengers (called cytokines) activates the B cell to pro ...
... T-helper or “CD4” cell. The CD4 cell will then differentiate into a “CD4 TH1” or “CD4 TH2 cell.” The differentiated CD4 cell then binds to the antigenspecific B lymphocyte and through a combination of direct activation and release of chemical messengers (called cytokines) activates the B cell to pro ...
Influence of Body Size and Population Density on
... 1 min. Control arenas with no males were used to check for ambient sperm in the water. Spawning lasted approximately 5 min. After 20 min, the egg bags were collected and rinsed in seawater. Within 2 h, 250 eggs per bag were assayed for the presence of a fertilization membrane. The 4 Nitex bags per a ...
... 1 min. Control arenas with no males were used to check for ambient sperm in the water. Spawning lasted approximately 5 min. After 20 min, the egg bags were collected and rinsed in seawater. Within 2 h, 250 eggs per bag were assayed for the presence of a fertilization membrane. The 4 Nitex bags per a ...
Evaluation of the effect of honey on immune status in mice bearing
... • Flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids have received considerable attention in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological properties including antioxidant and antitumor activity (DeFeudis et al., 2003 and Takeoka & Dao, 2003). ...
... • Flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids have received considerable attention in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological properties including antioxidant and antitumor activity (DeFeudis et al., 2003 and Takeoka & Dao, 2003). ...
What are worms and why are they harmful? Parasites such as gut
... Parasites such as gut worms, lung worms and fluke selfishly use their host to feed, grow and reproduce often to the detriment of the host. Some parasites are relatively harmless (tapeworm), others cause reduction in growth rates. There are some parasites that can cause severe health issues and even ...
... Parasites such as gut worms, lung worms and fluke selfishly use their host to feed, grow and reproduce often to the detriment of the host. Some parasites are relatively harmless (tapeworm), others cause reduction in growth rates. There are some parasites that can cause severe health issues and even ...
Cross–reactivity of antibodies against microbial proteins to
... RPOB is a critical enzyme for bacterial gene transcription. It is also a clinically relevant target for rifampin, one of the most important drugs for tuberculosis. Mutation of the RPOB gene confers rifampin resistance in E. coli, S. aureus and M. tuberculosis (12-14). ...
... RPOB is a critical enzyme for bacterial gene transcription. It is also a clinically relevant target for rifampin, one of the most important drugs for tuberculosis. Mutation of the RPOB gene confers rifampin resistance in E. coli, S. aureus and M. tuberculosis (12-14). ...
An Overview of Application of Artificial Immune System in Swarm
... Innate immunity is aimed to target any invaders or disease causing agents or pathogen in the body and is non-specific. It is not modified by repeated exposure and thus plays an important role in the initiation and regulation of immune responses. Innate immunity involves number of specialized white b ...
... Innate immunity is aimed to target any invaders or disease causing agents or pathogen in the body and is non-specific. It is not modified by repeated exposure and thus plays an important role in the initiation and regulation of immune responses. Innate immunity involves number of specialized white b ...
Why do sperm carry RNA? Relatedness, conflict
... relatedness. Clearly, this need not be only MHCs (which are vertebrate specific), but merely needs to involve factors that are variable across males, and we note that approximately half of the sperm RNAs appear to be variable across sperm samples [37]. Even if RNAs are not directly detectable extern ...
... relatedness. Clearly, this need not be only MHCs (which are vertebrate specific), but merely needs to involve factors that are variable across males, and we note that approximately half of the sperm RNAs appear to be variable across sperm samples [37]. Even if RNAs are not directly detectable extern ...
Biomass-fired Boiler Control Using Simulated Annealing Optimized
... k4 - B-cell proliferation rate k5 – B-cell death rate kI – combined parameter of antigen elimination rate and B-cell proliferation rate due to antigen presence. In addition to these parameters, another three parameters could also be taken into account: initial value of antibody concentration (repres ...
... k4 - B-cell proliferation rate k5 – B-cell death rate kI – combined parameter of antigen elimination rate and B-cell proliferation rate due to antigen presence. In addition to these parameters, another three parameters could also be taken into account: initial value of antibody concentration (repres ...
Influenza prevention and treatment by passive immunization
... full-length and fragments of conventional mammalian immunoglobulins consisting of heavy and light chains (IgG), chicken yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) and heavy chain-only antibodies from camelides (hcIgG). Schematic structures of these variants are shown in Fig. 1. The full-length Ab consists of consta ...
... full-length and fragments of conventional mammalian immunoglobulins consisting of heavy and light chains (IgG), chicken yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) and heavy chain-only antibodies from camelides (hcIgG). Schematic structures of these variants are shown in Fig. 1. The full-length Ab consists of consta ...
IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF HABENARIA INTERMEDIA IN MICE Research Article
... The immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer and immunodeficiency [1]. Immunomodulation is a procedure which can alter the immu ...
... The immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer and immunodeficiency [1]. Immunomodulation is a procedure which can alter the immu ...