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Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

... formulations that are not available or licensed in the individual reader's own country. Furthermore, drugs may be mentioned that are licensed for human use, and not for veterinary use. Readers need to bear this in mind and be aware of the prescribing laws pertaining to their own country. Likewise, i ...
Ebola Facts - NYU Silver School of Social Work
Ebola Facts - NYU Silver School of Social Work

... I live in the United States. Am I at risk for Ebola? The risk of catching Ebola in the U.S. is very low. Few people have ever become infected with Ebola while in the United States. In fact, as of October 2014, only two people had become infected with Ebola while in America. They were both health wor ...
Slides (PowerPoint)
Slides (PowerPoint)

... ESRD, end-stage renal disease; KP-SC, Kaiser Permanente Southern California; MI, myocardial infarction; Mod, moderate; PVD, periphral vascular disease; PUD, peptic ulcer disease; Sev, Severe. ...
Abstract - WHO archives - World Health Organization
Abstract - WHO archives - World Health Organization

... COPD is a major public health problem whose risk factors, in particular genetic risk factors, are poorly understood. COPD typically occurs insidiously in individuals with a long history of cigarette smoking, which usually begins at about age 15. Who will, and who will not, develop COPD cannot usuall ...
Chancroid FACT SHEET - Cook County Department of Public Health
Chancroid FACT SHEET - Cook County Department of Public Health

... azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin (not recommended for pregnant or nursing females, or people younger than 18 years) and erythromycin base. Left untreated, chancroid may facilitate the transmission of HIV. In advanced cases, scarring can result, despite successful therapy. A follow-up examina ...
Hong Kong College of Cardiology
Hong Kong College of Cardiology

... be large enough to be legible in the event of half-size reduction. Do not send original art-work, X-rays, or ECGs. Photographs in which a patient or other person is identifiable must have written permission from that person. The consent must state specifically what the person is consenting to and wh ...
Cost-effectiveness of Mental Health Interventions in Estonia
Cost-effectiveness of Mental Health Interventions in Estonia

... other countries, brought about this project. The high prevalence of mental health disorders is a burden to individuals and households directly effected as well as to society in general. According to various studies, the mental health of the population in Estonia is worse than in other Western and No ...
Draft Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff
Draft Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff

... should consider when designing clinical investigations of medical devices indicated for the treatment of urinary incontinence. This document does not address preclinical testing issues, which should, on a case-by-case basis, take into account the specific clinical indications and technology of the d ...
CE Course Handout CAMBRA in Private Practice: Practices, Profits
CE Course Handout CAMBRA in Private Practice: Practices, Profits

... • Recognize the relevance of a cariesmanagement program in a modern dental practice ...
Consensus document for the detection and management of chronic
Consensus document for the detection and management of chronic

... and Community Medicine) on CKD, 3 after an extensive review of the most recent literature and the latest clinical practice recommendations. The methodology used herein was based on a critical review of the main clinical guidelines on CKD and on the occasional support of the few randomised studies in ...
Centers for Disease Control
Centers for Disease Control

... employees is 43.8 years old, with about 70% younger than 49. In terms of educational background, 46% of the staff have received a college or university education and 41% hold an advanced degree (see Table 1-1 and 1-2). The total budget of Taiwan CDC was NT$6 billion (US$200 million) in 2012. ...
Epidemiology and Economic Impact of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
Epidemiology and Economic Impact of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

... that range from metabolic and physiologic conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, to psychological impairment and low quality of life. Some conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, idiopathic intracranial ...
Introduction to causal inference from observational data
Introduction to causal inference from observational data

...  Generally requires adjustment for all confounding factors  via matching, stratification or regression, standardization or inverse probability (IP) weighting, g-estimation… ...
Anaesthetic management of the child with sickle cell disease
Anaesthetic management of the child with sickle cell disease

... SCD. It is estimated that around 9000 people in London have SCD, making it more common than cystic fibrosis (7). It has been suggested that 250 000 children with SCD are born each year worldwide (5). ...
Hyaluronic Acid for Treatment of Osteoarthritis of
Hyaluronic Acid for Treatment of Osteoarthritis of

... shown intra-articular HA to be superior. [11,12] Intra-articular HA has also been compared to intra-articular glucocorticoids. It seems that the benefits from each injection are somewhat similar; there were greater benefits of HA at some time points, although these benefits did not appear to be sust ...
A study on transmission and a trial of chemoprophylaxis in contacts
A study on transmission and a trial of chemoprophylaxis in contacts

... symptoms of leprosy was taken into account, but no major effect on the numbers needed was found. Given an incidence rate (IR) of 2 per 1000 per year, with a 50% reduction through intervention (a ¼ 0·05 two-sided, power ¼ 0·80), a total of about 12,000 contacts will be necessary. With an IR of 1 per ...
Leaky Gut Syndrome: A Modern Epidemic with an Ancient Solution?
Leaky Gut Syndrome: A Modern Epidemic with an Ancient Solution?

... with no functional immune system after having her thymus gland irradiated as a child. This was common practice in the 1950s, and it demonstrated to me just how important the human immune system is to our healthy existence and just how little physicians really understand about it. Thanks to a colleag ...
National Guidelines - Ministry of Health
National Guidelines - Ministry of Health

... not just because of the information it provides us on broad trends in these diseases, but more importantly because it is the trigger for actions to control outbreaks, and hence protect the health of our communities. More complete and speedy reporting of diseases allows more complete and speedy respo ...
Nutrition
Nutrition

... exercise. The solutions of doctors, scientists and myself will be described in detail to help with understanding every aspect of this Figure 1: Healthy to Low Density ...
Selected papers from the 7th National Conference on College Teaching and Learning, pp. 79-89, J. A. Chambers (Ed.), Florida Community College of Jacksonville.
Selected papers from the 7th National Conference on College Teaching and Learning, pp. 79-89, J. A. Chambers (Ed.), Florida Community College of Jacksonville.

... A firm background of the disease was developed from written sources. Pictures in these books brought the images of rashes, scarring of organ systems, and joint inflammation (Dieppe et. aI., 1986). Views within the body allowed us to "see" lupus as not possible from the outside. The Internet was also ...
Parkinson`s and the eyes - The Parkinson`s Institute
Parkinson`s and the eyes - The Parkinson`s Institute

... sometimes complete closure, interfering with vision. ...
Diagnosing Liver Disease
Diagnosing Liver Disease

... culture everything, and we find positive cultures (multiple colonies) on our liver biopsies up to 30% of the time. Experimental data1,2 indicate that transmural passage of bacteria from the alimentary canal can be an important factor invoking liver injury. While we do see dogs with hepatic histopath ...
Clinical exam
Clinical exam

... of IPV are used each year, primarily in industrialized countries. The safety profile of IPV is wellcharacterized, and no serious adverse events have been associated with IPV use. Similarly, the immunogenicity of IPV is excellent with seroconversion rates approaching 100% if administered outside the ...
Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease
Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease

... The current standard of care for IBD treatment is based on steroids and immunosuppressant agents, including glucocorticoids, aminosalicylates, cyclosporine, methotrexate and biologic agents such as anti-TNF-α and IL1-β. The correct IBD diagnosis is crucial for providing correct, evidence-based treat ...
Finding ways to manage and control visceral leishmaniasis, human
Finding ways to manage and control visceral leishmaniasis, human

... on Earth—are afflicted with what the World Health Organization (WHO) classifies as neglected tropical diseases, or NTDs. There are 17 in all, a collection of bacterial, parasitological, and viral infections that prey on the impoverished and take profound physical, medical, and economic tolls on thei ...
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Epidemiology



Epidemiology is the study of the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is the cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare. Epidemiologists help with study design, collection, and statistical analysis of data, and interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review). Epidemiology has helped develop methodology used in clinical research, public health studies, and, to a lesser extent, basic research in the biological sciences.Major areas of epidemiological study include disease etiology, transmission, outbreak investigation, disease surveillance and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on other scientific disciplines like biology to better understand disease processes, statistics to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions, social sciences to understand proximate and distal causes better, and engineering for exposure assessment.
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