Linking nutrient loading, local abiotic variables, richness and
... leads to hypoxia, appearance of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide, and consequently to the disappearance of benthic invertebrates (Gray et al., 2002; Kotta et al., 2007). To date, we still lack scientific evidence for the nutrient–macrophyte–invertebrate relationship in order to adequately assess the wa ...
... leads to hypoxia, appearance of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide, and consequently to the disappearance of benthic invertebrates (Gray et al., 2002; Kotta et al., 2007). To date, we still lack scientific evidence for the nutrient–macrophyte–invertebrate relationship in order to adequately assess the wa ...
Applied Community Ecology
... • Biomanipulation strategies use trophic cascades to increase herbivory by zooplankton on phytoplankton in lakes • Lakes with algal blooms are assumed to have essentially 3 trophic levels • An increase in the abundance in the 4th trophic level (piscivorus fish) can cause trophic cascades, leading to ...
... • Biomanipulation strategies use trophic cascades to increase herbivory by zooplankton on phytoplankton in lakes • Lakes with algal blooms are assumed to have essentially 3 trophic levels • An increase in the abundance in the 4th trophic level (piscivorus fish) can cause trophic cascades, leading to ...
Available Benthic Energy Coefficient (ABEC): a - Archimer
... The benthic production of prey seems to be one of the main drivers among many environmental factors that influence the quality of fish nurseries and potentially limit their carrying capacity. However, the contribution of food availability in the growth and survival of juveniles is still controversia ...
... The benthic production of prey seems to be one of the main drivers among many environmental factors that influence the quality of fish nurseries and potentially limit their carrying capacity. However, the contribution of food availability in the growth and survival of juveniles is still controversia ...
Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology
... 1997). Microorganisms in the group Archaea evolved in the early reducing atmosphere of Earth. These microbes are still the only organisms that produce methane. They now function in anaerobic environments such as wetland soils and the interiors of soil aggregates or animal intestines. Episodes of mou ...
... 1997). Microorganisms in the group Archaea evolved in the early reducing atmosphere of Earth. These microbes are still the only organisms that produce methane. They now function in anaerobic environments such as wetland soils and the interiors of soil aggregates or animal intestines. Episodes of mou ...
Stability and complexity : a reappraisal of the Competitive Exclusion
... stability. Using the Shannon-Weaver formula derived from the theory of information, he believed to have demonstrated that complexity and stability were consistent within trophic ...
... stability. Using the Shannon-Weaver formula derived from the theory of information, he believed to have demonstrated that complexity and stability were consistent within trophic ...
5.7 Thompson Okanagan Region
... Pressures from Urban Growth and Development There are many pressures on ecosystems that are directly related to urban and rural population expansion in the region. Population growth: The Okanagan area is especially impacted by population growth. Population growth projections for 2001–2031 project ...
... Pressures from Urban Growth and Development There are many pressures on ecosystems that are directly related to urban and rural population expansion in the region. Population growth: The Okanagan area is especially impacted by population growth. Population growth projections for 2001–2031 project ...
The Ecosystem Concept
... 1997). Microorganisms in the group Archaea evolved in the early reducing atmosphere of Earth. These microbes are still the only organisms that produce methane. They now function in anaerobic environments such as wetland soils and the interiors of soil aggregates or animal intestines. Episodes of mou ...
... 1997). Microorganisms in the group Archaea evolved in the early reducing atmosphere of Earth. These microbes are still the only organisms that produce methane. They now function in anaerobic environments such as wetland soils and the interiors of soil aggregates or animal intestines. Episodes of mou ...
uncorrected page proofs
... living community and the non-living physical surroundings but also the interactions both within the community and between the community and its nonliving surroundings. We can develop an understanding of the concept of an ecosystem using an analogy with a hockey game. A hockey game has a ‘living part ...
... living community and the non-living physical surroundings but also the interactions both within the community and between the community and its nonliving surroundings. We can develop an understanding of the concept of an ecosystem using an analogy with a hockey game. A hockey game has a ‘living part ...
Nutritional Ecology of Aquatic Detritivorous Insects
... transport from streams. In shallow areas there may also be considerable detritus generated from emergent and submerged macrophytes. For example, Mason and Bryant (1975) estimated the annual production in an English reedswamp as >2500 g/m 2 , most of which enters the litter pool. However, most detrit ...
... transport from streams. In shallow areas there may also be considerable detritus generated from emergent and submerged macrophytes. For example, Mason and Bryant (1975) estimated the annual production in an English reedswamp as >2500 g/m 2 , most of which enters the litter pool. However, most detrit ...
Aquatic Insect Ecology
... “steal” their oxygen[401]. In most unimpacted streams, dissolved oxygen concentrations generally are near saturation and thus oxygen rarely limits insect diversity. We often see the greatest diversity of aquatic insects in small streams, due in part to the abundance of oxygen. However, insects requi ...
... “steal” their oxygen[401]. In most unimpacted streams, dissolved oxygen concentrations generally are near saturation and thus oxygen rarely limits insect diversity. We often see the greatest diversity of aquatic insects in small streams, due in part to the abundance of oxygen. However, insects requi ...
Introduction to Watershed Ecology
... whose boundaries are determined by the cycles and flux of energy, materials and organisms. It is valid to describe different ecosystems with different, overlapping sets of boundaries in the same geographic area (e.g. forest ecosystems, watershed ecosystems and wetland ecosystems). A watershed is jus ...
... whose boundaries are determined by the cycles and flux of energy, materials and organisms. It is valid to describe different ecosystems with different, overlapping sets of boundaries in the same geographic area (e.g. forest ecosystems, watershed ecosystems and wetland ecosystems). A watershed is jus ...
Drainage Services Department Practice Note No. 1/2015 Guidelines
... The revitalization of water bodies in large scale drainage improvement works (see Figure 1) and in the planning of drainage networks for New Development Areas (NDAs) is a key environmental protection and conservation note of the Hong Kong Government 2015 Policy Address. The policy is a formal recog ...
... The revitalization of water bodies in large scale drainage improvement works (see Figure 1) and in the planning of drainage networks for New Development Areas (NDAs) is a key environmental protection and conservation note of the Hong Kong Government 2015 Policy Address. The policy is a formal recog ...
Semester 1 Exam Review Sheet
... I can describe the effects of the various fishing method: trawler fishing, purse-seine fishing, longlining, and drift-net fishing. I can define fishprint. I can summarize the story of jellyfish invasions. I can define keystone species. I can explain the purpose of marine reserves. I can distinguish ...
... I can describe the effects of the various fishing method: trawler fishing, purse-seine fishing, longlining, and drift-net fishing. I can define fishprint. I can summarize the story of jellyfish invasions. I can define keystone species. I can explain the purpose of marine reserves. I can distinguish ...
Competition, predation and flow rate as mediators
... To do this, we conducted a semi-natural stream channel experiment in a North American river using the native Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, a secondary consumer) and the exotic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, a competitor at the juvenile stage and a predator at the adult stage) as models. Indirec ...
... To do this, we conducted a semi-natural stream channel experiment in a North American river using the native Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, a secondary consumer) and the exotic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, a competitor at the juvenile stage and a predator at the adult stage) as models. Indirec ...
Full text in pdf format
... much more restricted range (Davidson et al. 2001). A number of studies have analyzed the effects of pesticide drift, introduced predators, habitat loss, and UV-B radiation damage on R. aurora populations (Blaustein et al. 1994, Davidson et al. 2001, 2002). However, little is known about the natural ...
... much more restricted range (Davidson et al. 2001). A number of studies have analyzed the effects of pesticide drift, introduced predators, habitat loss, and UV-B radiation damage on R. aurora populations (Blaustein et al. 1994, Davidson et al. 2001, 2002). However, little is known about the natural ...
Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP)
... value is high, there is lots of oxygen present in the water. This means that bacteria that decompose dead tissue and contaminants can work more efficiently. In general, the higher the ORP value, the healthier the lake or river is. However, even in healthy lakes and rivers, there is less oxygen (and ...
... value is high, there is lots of oxygen present in the water. This means that bacteria that decompose dead tissue and contaminants can work more efficiently. In general, the higher the ORP value, the healthier the lake or river is. However, even in healthy lakes and rivers, there is less oxygen (and ...
Marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: what`s known and
... biomass production, consumption, and biogeochemical fluxes, we assembled a dataset of 42 studies that performed 110 experimental manipulations of species richness from 1999 to May 2011. For inclusion, studies must have manipulated the richness of 3 species, included treatments with all species tog ...
... biomass production, consumption, and biogeochemical fluxes, we assembled a dataset of 42 studies that performed 110 experimental manipulations of species richness from 1999 to May 2011. For inclusion, studies must have manipulated the richness of 3 species, included treatments with all species tog ...
Feeding Selectivity and Habitat Usage of Esox americanus
... Understanding the underlying factors that facilitate the patterns of the abundance and distribution of organisms has long intrigued ecologists. Morphological features of species provide strong evidence indicating the adaptive evolution to utilize specific space-limited microhabitats (Schlosser and T ...
... Understanding the underlying factors that facilitate the patterns of the abundance and distribution of organisms has long intrigued ecologists. Morphological features of species provide strong evidence indicating the adaptive evolution to utilize specific space-limited microhabitats (Schlosser and T ...
GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
... Some 50 years ago geothermal fields were divided into high- and low- temperature fields or areas. This division was based on (arbitrarily) inferred temperature at 1 km depth. It was soon realized that most of the former are related to volcanism (>160 - >300 °C) (category a) and that the latter draw ...
... Some 50 years ago geothermal fields were divided into high- and low- temperature fields or areas. This division was based on (arbitrarily) inferred temperature at 1 km depth. It was soon realized that most of the former are related to volcanism (>160 - >300 °C) (category a) and that the latter draw ...
water-rock interaction in a low-enthalpy back-rift
... the north and 17% mantle input in the southernmost spring nearest the Taupo Volcanic Zone. Waters discharging along the inactive Hauraki fault in the east are more saline than waters emerging along the other two fault systems but still have high HCO3/Cl ratios. Hence the source of these saline solut ...
... the north and 17% mantle input in the southernmost spring nearest the Taupo Volcanic Zone. Waters discharging along the inactive Hauraki fault in the east are more saline than waters emerging along the other two fault systems but still have high HCO3/Cl ratios. Hence the source of these saline solut ...
shading facilitates sessile invertebrate - Ron Etter
... surfaces. The processes commonly invoked to explain them include (1) shading (e.g., Witman and Cooper 1983, Sebens 1986a, Gili and Coma 1998), (2) physical disturbance, (3) predation, particularly by omnivorous sea urchins (Witman and Cooper 1983, Sebens 1986a), (4) sedimentation (Irving and Connell ...
... surfaces. The processes commonly invoked to explain them include (1) shading (e.g., Witman and Cooper 1983, Sebens 1986a, Gili and Coma 1998), (2) physical disturbance, (3) predation, particularly by omnivorous sea urchins (Witman and Cooper 1983, Sebens 1986a), (4) sedimentation (Irving and Connell ...
Alternative states and positive feedbacks in restoration ecology
... and alternative internally reinforced states. They are being increasingly used to predict when a system might suddenly collapse as a result of gradual changes in climatic factors, human exploitation of biotic resources, habitat loss and fragmentation (Box 2, [18– 21]). These models also provide a co ...
... and alternative internally reinforced states. They are being increasingly used to predict when a system might suddenly collapse as a result of gradual changes in climatic factors, human exploitation of biotic resources, habitat loss and fragmentation (Box 2, [18– 21]). These models also provide a co ...
13 Vocabulary Practice
... pollutants in the air A species whose protection results in the protection of a number of other species Process that results in a high concentration of pollutants in the body of a tertiary consumer Kudzu in the United States ...
... pollutants in the air A species whose protection results in the protection of a number of other species Process that results in a high concentration of pollutants in the body of a tertiary consumer Kudzu in the United States ...
Longitudinal changes in the abundance of filter feeders and
... filter feeders and blackfly larvae showed a hump-shaped distribution pattern. Lower current velocity at sites close to lakes is suggested as an explanation. No general proportional relationship between net-spinning caddis larvae and zooplankton was found and several reasons for this result are discu ...
... filter feeders and blackfly larvae showed a hump-shaped distribution pattern. Lower current velocity at sites close to lakes is suggested as an explanation. No general proportional relationship between net-spinning caddis larvae and zooplankton was found and several reasons for this result are discu ...
GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
... Some 50 years ago geothermal fields were divided into high- and low- temperature fields or areas. This division was based on (arbitrarily) inferred temperature at 1 km depth. It was soon realized that most of the former are related to volcanism (>160 - >300 °C) (category a) and that the latter draw ...
... Some 50 years ago geothermal fields were divided into high- and low- temperature fields or areas. This division was based on (arbitrarily) inferred temperature at 1 km depth. It was soon realized that most of the former are related to volcanism (>160 - >300 °C) (category a) and that the latter draw ...
River ecosystem
The ecosystem of a river is the river viewed as a system operating in its natural environment, and includes biotic (living) interactions amongst plants, animals and micro-organisms, as well as abiotic (nonliving) physical and chemical interactions.River ecosystems are prime examples of lotic ecosystems. Lotic refers to flowing water, from the Latin lotus, washed. Lotic waters range from springs only a few centimeters wide to major rivers kilometers in width. Much of this article applies to lotic ecosystems in general, including related lotic systems such as streams and springs. Lotic ecosystems can be contrasted with lentic ecosystems, which involve relatively still terrestrial waters such as lakes and ponds. Together, these two fields form the more general study area of freshwater or aquatic ecology. The following unifying characteristics make the ecology of running waters unique from that of other aquatic habitats. Flow is unidirectional. There is a state of continuous physical change. There is a high degree of spatial and temporal heterogeneity at all scales (microhabitats). Variability between lotic systems is quite high. The biota is specialized to live with flow conditions.↑ ↑ ↑ ↑