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Medication Alternatives for the Elderly
Medication Alternatives for the Elderly

... Has a prolonged half-life in elderly patients and could cause prolonged hypoglycemia. It is the only oral hypoglycemic that can cause syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion More CNS adverse events than other narcotic analgesics including hallucinations and confusion. Offers few ana ...
FSRH Guidance - Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare
FSRH Guidance - Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare

... line for the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or acute pulmonary embolism (PE), prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation and prophylaxis of DVT and PE in adults undergoing major orthopaedic surgery.1 They are not used in individuals who require a greater intensity of anticoagulation, ...
Toxicology
Toxicology

... ‘All substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison from a remedy.’- Paracelus (16th century physician-alchemist) ...
Correction of labeling provided with CellCept
Correction of labeling provided with CellCept

... Concentrations of mycophenolic acid (MPA) were reduced after coadministration of single doses of proton pump inhibitors, possibly due to decreased solubility of MPA at increased gastric pH. © 2015 Genentech USA, Inc. All rights reserved. CEL/050515/0036 (05/15) ...
antiretroviral_Hamme..
antiretroviral_Hamme..

... HIV drug resistance is an increasing problem and should be thought about on a pathogenetic level. The principles and implications to consider are: A. Genetic variants of HIV are continuously produced as a result of the high viral turnover and the inherent error rate of reverse transcriptase. Therefo ...
An Overview of HIV Drugs
An Overview of HIV Drugs

... The History of HIV  1930s: Researchers believe a form of simian immunodeficiency virus jumped to humans in central Africa. The mutated virus is HIV-1.  1960s: HIV-2, a viral variant found in West Africa, is thought to have transferred to people from sooty mangabey monkeys  1964: The first retrov ...
The importance of residence and recognition time of drug
The importance of residence and recognition time of drug

... is of crucial importance for its in vivo effect The slope in the dose response curves from the rat arterial thrombosis model is related with the k on ...
Renal clearance - "fu" is now "fe" - Christchurch Drug Information
Renal clearance - "fu" is now "fe" - Christchurch Drug Information

... Unlike fe, this generally does not need to be taken into consideration when prescribing most medications. When drug concentrations are measured in the plasma, this generally means the total concentration of the drug – i.e. both „free‟ drug and that which is protein bound. It is only the free drug th ...
Geriatric Medicine Update for General Practitioners
Geriatric Medicine Update for General Practitioners

... ▫ Highest risk: male, mod-severe post-thrombotic syndrome, proximal DVT, elevated D-dimer 3-4 weeks after stopping therapy. • Extending anticoagulants associated with increased risk of bleeding. • Is the use of low dose aspirin an alternative? ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... UF Heparin - What & How • antithrombin • indications: – ACS – atrial fibrillation – deep vein thrombosis – pulmonary embolism • UF Heparin binds to the enzyme inhibitor antithrombin (AT) causing a conformational change that results in its activation through an increase in the flexibility of its rea ...
Design and Synthesis of Small Molecule Inhibitors of
Design and Synthesis of Small Molecule Inhibitors of

... negatively correlated with levels of HDL-cholesterol in vivo. Disruption of EL activity, either through antibody directed inhibition, or gene knock-out, has been shown to increase levels of HDL-C in rabbits and mice on both normal and high-fat diets. Because the active site of EL contains serine-pro ...
6GuN8Qo9Dfp1QZDN8ubBtuHr_F8SNcwjgzjV3UndOuNh4gNcd
6GuN8Qo9Dfp1QZDN8ubBtuHr_F8SNcwjgzjV3UndOuNh4gNcd

... chemotherapy are caused by: 1 - alopecia 2 - extravasation 3 - leucopenia 58. Aldosterone: 1 - production is regulated primarily by the liver 2 - levels are decreased by low-sodium diets 3 - is produced by the adrenal cortex 59. Proteinuria: 1 - is an indicator of renal disease 2 - may be an indicat ...
Pharmacology - Cardiovascular drugs II NCLEX MCQs
Pharmacology - Cardiovascular drugs II NCLEX MCQs

... thrombin. Tissue thromboplastin is formed in the extrinsic pathway as tissue is damaged. Oral anticoagulants work by interfering with vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Prothrombin does not convert to fibrin. ...
Lecture 9 (Anticoags) 1. What is hemostasis? 2. What is thrombosis
Lecture 9 (Anticoags) 1. What is hemostasis? 2. What is thrombosis

... 23. What are the ABSOLUTE contraindications in use of thrombolytics? 24. Once you get the previous patient taken care of you talk to the cardiologist who says to start him on clopidogrel daily. The patient has a history of HTN, GERD, Kidney stones, HLD, and chonic back pain. You do what the cardiolo ...
Antidepressant Drug Interactions - University of Iowa College of
Antidepressant Drug Interactions - University of Iowa College of

... All antidepressants are metabolized by the P450 isoenzyme system in the liver. Certain antidepressants inhibit specific subtypes of P450 enzymes and this may increase blood levels in patients who are taking other medications metabolized by the same isoenzyme systems. Care is advised in patients who ...
secnidazole 500 mg Excipien
secnidazole 500 mg Excipien

... - Do not administer to subjects with a history of blood dyscrasia. Drug and other interactions Contraindicated combination therapy: - Disulfiram: Delirious episodes, confusion. - Alcohol: Hotness, redness, vomiting, tachycardia. Avoid alcoholic drinks and alcohol-containing medicine. Combinations s ...
Acute Coronary Syndrome Therapeutic Intervention
Acute Coronary Syndrome Therapeutic Intervention

... 2. In order to activate the plasminogen into its active form; Plasmin, human kidneys secrete an enzyme called Urokinase. Urokinase will cleave the Plasminogen to Plasmin through proteolytic mechanism 3. Nevertheless, activated plasmin is vulnerable to be deactivated by plasma AntiPlasmin which can r ...
AJWC New Drug Update 2011
AJWC New Drug Update 2011

...  New class: “subtype 2 sodium glucose co-transport protein inhibitor- will be the first in a new class that seeks to block the reabsorption of glucose to lower elevated blood glucose levels in diabetics  Taspoglutide – Phase III  Another GLP-1 agonist pulled as of Feb 2011 due to serious GI adver ...
How I treat with anticoagulants in 2012: new and old
How I treat with anticoagulants in 2012: new and old

... risk of stroke compared with warfarin and stroke prevention was considered more important than the benefit of decreased risk for extracranial major bleeding. The dose of 75 mg twice daily is, however, recommended in the United States for patients with severe renal failure (calculated creatinine clea ...
Dounload instruction
Dounload instruction

... as well as refrain from taking alcohol. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may mask the temperature increase associated with the background bacterial infection. In case of body temperature increase or flu-like symptoms in patients using nimesulide, the drug should be stopped. Serious li ...
HYPERTENSION
HYPERTENSION

... well tolerated. They should be used with particular care in patients with impaired renal function or renal artery stenosis because they can reduce the filtration pressure in the glomeruli and precipitate renal failure. Electrolytes and creatinine should be checked before and 1-2 weeks after commenci ...
Media Kit - Perosphere Inc.
Media Kit - Perosphere Inc.

... inhibitor, dabigatran. In thromboelastographic studies and rat-tail–transection bleeding assays, PER977 has been shown to reverse anticoagulation with each of the new oral agents.1,2 In nonclinical studies, PER977 did not bind to plasma proteins, including albumin, and showed no binding when tested ...
Intentional low-molecular-weight heparin overdose: a case report
Intentional low-molecular-weight heparin overdose: a case report

... A 34-year-old Caucasian woman was brought to the emergency department (ED) for a suicide attempt involving the self-injection of 1600 mg of enoxaparin (20 syringes of 80 mg). After the injection, she slit her wrists and hanged herself. She is heterozygous for the factor V Leiden mutation and had a p ...
FDA-approved Cholinesterase Inhibitors
FDA-approved Cholinesterase Inhibitors

... Donepezil and rivastigmine were associated with better performance in memory and thinking tests in patients who were on the active medication compared with patients taking a placebo (an inactive substance). It should be stressed that the degree of improve-ment was modest, and more than half of the p ...
Clotting Factors
Clotting Factors

... instead of both PT/INR and PTT. Excess intake of Warfarin (beyond therapeutic levels) will result in low levels of factors II, IX and X. The patient will then have a prolonged PTT in addition to a prolonged PT/INR. Too much Warfarin will cause spontaneous bleeding in the patient. So at therapeutic l ...
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Discovery and development of direct thrombin inhibitors



Direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) are a class of anticoagulant drugs that can be used to prevent and treat embolisms and blood clots caused by various diseases. They inhibit thrombin, a serine protease which affects the coagulation cascade in many ways. DTIs have undergone rapid development since the 90's. With technological advances in genetic engineering the production of recombinant hirudin was made possible which opened the door to this new group of drugs. Before the use of DTIs the therapy and prophylaxis for anticoagulation had stayed the same for over 50 years with the use of heparin derivatives and warfarin which have some well known disadvantages. DTIs are still under development, but the research focus has shifted towards factor Xa inhibitors, or even dual thrombin and fXa inhibitors that have a broader mechanism of action by both inhibiting factor IIa (thrombin) and Xa. A recent review of patents and literature on thrombin inhibitors has demonstrated that the development of allosteric and multi-mechanism inhibitors might lead the way to a more safer anticoagulant.
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