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Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction

... without changing the logical schema  Applications depend on the logical schema  In general, the interfaces between the various levels and components should be well defined so that changes in some parts do not seriously influence others. ...
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Ingres (database)

Ingres Database (/ɪŋˈɡrɛs/ ing-GRESS) is a commercially supported, open-source SQL relational database management system intended to support large commercial and government applications. Ingres Database is fully open source with a global community of contributors. However, Actian Corporation controls the development of Ingres and makes certified binaries available for download, as well as providing worldwide support.Ingres began as a research project at the University of California, Berkeley, starting in the early 1970s and ending in 1985. The original code, like that from other projects at Berkeley, was available at minimal cost under a version of the BSD license. Ingres spawned a number of commercial database applications, including Sybase, Microsoft SQL Server, NonStop SQL and a number of others. Postgres (Post Ingres), a project which started in the mid-1980s, later evolved into PostgreSQL.Ingres is ACID compatible and is fully transactional (including all DDL statements).Ingres is part of the Lisog open-source stack initiative.
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