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Impact of Crusades on Islam and Christianity
Impact of Crusades on Islam and Christianity

... distrust and residual enmity between many of the orthodox followers of these religions. The Crusaders were spectacularly severe in capturing Jerusalem in 1100 AD. They not only brutalized and humiliated the Arab Muslim citizens of Jerusalem, but also made the Jewish inhabitants of the city suffer to ...
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... One topic of discussion with the BtD Community in 2013 and 2014 has been the question of what constitutes “Islam” and whether there is one Islam or several “Islams.” In recent versions of this discussion, the question has been raised as to what the sources of authority are within Islam, especially r ...
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... Muslim/Arab - Not all Muslims are Arab, just as not all Arabs are Muslim. In fact, Arabs are a minority within the Islamic world. According to modern usage, “Arab” is a linguistic, not an ethnic, designation. An Arab can be Christian or Jewish. Women’s Rights - Under Islamic law, women have always h ...
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... This policy was to prove successful everywhere. In Syria, for example, many Christians who had been involved in bitter theological disputes with Byzantine authorities- and persecuted for it- welcomed the coming of Islam as an end to tyranny. And in Egypt, which 'Amr ibn al-'As took from the Byzantin ...
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... “this is the weakest form.” This should make Muslims active citizens within society, engaged in all manner of public affairs, to seek the good of the whole and guide society away from anything that is or will lead to the bad. This could be on a large scale: setting up a charity to promote good works ...
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... Biography of the Prophet. pp. 24-26ff]. ...
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... religious freedom. Christians and Jews were allowed to practice their religion. However non-Muslims had to pay taxes and had some restrictions on their lives. 4. A man was the head of the family. Men could marry several wives, but were supposed to treat them all equally. Islamic law protected the ri ...
What is Secularism
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... • Allah has revealed the Holy Qur’an to guide us Muslims through the right path. Thus following Shari’ah law is the best form of government for us Muslims. • Islamism is not completely followed by any country at recent times, every country now days are secular. • Many states believe that some of the ...
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Dhimmi

A dhimmī (Arabic: ذمي‎ ḏimmī, IPA: [ˈðɪmmiː], collectively أهل الذمة ahl al-ḏimmah/dhimmah ""the people of the dhimma"") is a historical term referring to non-Muslim citizens of an Islamic state. The word literally means ""protected person."" According to scholars, dhimmis had their rights fully protected in their communities, but as citizens in the Islamic state, had certain restrictions, and it was obligatory for them to pay the jizya tax. Dhimmis were excluded from specific duties assigned to Muslims, and did not enjoy certain political rights reserved for Muslims, but were otherwise equal under the laws of property, contract, and obligation. They were also exempted from the zakat tax paid by Muslims and from obligatory military service for all able bodied men.Under sharia, the dhimmi communities were usually subjected to their own special laws, rather than some of the laws which were applicable only to the Muslim community. For example, the Jewish community in Medina was allowed to have its own Halakha courts, and the Ottoman millet system allowed its various dhimmi communities to rule themselves under separate legal courts. These courts did not cover cases that involved religious groups outside of their own community, or capital offences. Dhimmi communities were also allowed to engage in certain practices that were usually forbidden for the Muslim community, such as the consumption of alcohol and pork.Historically, dhimmi status was originally applied to Jews, Christians, and Sabians. This status later also came to be applied to Zoroastrians, Mandaeans, Hindus, and Buddhists. Eventually, the Hanafi, the largest school of Islamic jurisprudence, and the Maliki, the second largest school of Islamic jurisprudence, applied this term to all non-Muslims living in Islamic lands outside the sacred area surrounding Mecca, in present-day Saudi Arabia. Some modern Hanafi scholars, however, do not make any legal distinction between a non-Muslim dhimmi and a Muslim citizen.The overwhelming majority of moderate Muslims reject the dhimma system as ahistorical, in the sense that it is inappropriate for the age of nation-states and democracies.
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