concepts-of-biology
... the first forms of life on Earth, and they existed for billions of years before plants and animals appeared. Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. This estimate is based on evidence from the dating of meteorite material, since surface rocks on Earth are not as old as Earth itself. Most rocks availa ...
... the first forms of life on Earth, and they existed for billions of years before plants and animals appeared. Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. This estimate is based on evidence from the dating of meteorite material, since surface rocks on Earth are not as old as Earth itself. Most rocks availa ...
BACTERIOCIN PRODUCTION AND
... Over the last two decades, a variety of bacteriocins, produced by bacteria that kill or inhibit the growth of other bacteria, have been identified and characterized biochemically and genetically. Lactic acid species were isolated from indigenious dairy source (whey) and purified using different micr ...
... Over the last two decades, a variety of bacteriocins, produced by bacteria that kill or inhibit the growth of other bacteria, have been identified and characterized biochemically and genetically. Lactic acid species were isolated from indigenious dairy source (whey) and purified using different micr ...
PROBIOTICS Past, Present & Future
... In early 1930’s, in Japan, Minoru Shirota developed a fermented milk product called ...
... In early 1930’s, in Japan, Minoru Shirota developed a fermented milk product called ...
Antibiotic Effects Kit - Micrology Laboratories
... antibiotics against E. aerogenes. E. aerogenes is a Gram-negative organism. Since its cell walls contain a small percentage of peptidoglycan, it is able to readily resist the narrow spectrum penicillin. 2. Penicillin should exhibit the greatest degree of effectiveness, judged by the size of the zone ...
... antibiotics against E. aerogenes. E. aerogenes is a Gram-negative organism. Since its cell walls contain a small percentage of peptidoglycan, it is able to readily resist the narrow spectrum penicillin. 2. Penicillin should exhibit the greatest degree of effectiveness, judged by the size of the zone ...
*CHAPTER ONE - medical laboratory technologist
... incubation at the time of admission to a health care setting. Within hours after admission, a patient’s flora begins to acquire characteristics of the surrounding bacterial pool. Most infections that become clinically evident after 48 hours of hospitalizations are considered hospital acquired (Ayesh ...
... incubation at the time of admission to a health care setting. Within hours after admission, a patient’s flora begins to acquire characteristics of the surrounding bacterial pool. Most infections that become clinically evident after 48 hours of hospitalizations are considered hospital acquired (Ayesh ...
Probiotics - Baseline of Health
... mediators like TNF-α and α -1-antitrypsin. Then again, the journal Clinical & Experimental Allergy published the results of a study conducted by the Institute of Food Research that found that probiotic bacteria in a daily drink can modify the immune system's response to grass pollen, a common cause ...
... mediators like TNF-α and α -1-antitrypsin. Then again, the journal Clinical & Experimental Allergy published the results of a study conducted by the Institute of Food Research that found that probiotic bacteria in a daily drink can modify the immune system's response to grass pollen, a common cause ...
22 | prokaryotes: bacteria and archaea
... whereas others are able to thrive and grow under conditions that would kill a plant or animal. Almost all prokaryotes have a cell wall, a protective structure that allows them to survive in both hyper- and hypoosmotic conditions. Some soil bacteria are able to form endospores that resist heat and dr ...
... whereas others are able to thrive and grow under conditions that would kill a plant or animal. Almost all prokaryotes have a cell wall, a protective structure that allows them to survive in both hyper- and hypoosmotic conditions. Some soil bacteria are able to form endospores that resist heat and dr ...
Ecological and physiological studies on large intestinal bacteria in
... continuous culture model of the colon operated at system retention times (R) of either 31.1 or 68.4 h, showed that specific activities of GS were up to four-fold higher (V3) at R = 31.1 h. Bacteriological analysis demonstrated that representative populations of colonic micro-organisms were maintaine ...
... continuous culture model of the colon operated at system retention times (R) of either 31.1 or 68.4 h, showed that specific activities of GS were up to four-fold higher (V3) at R = 31.1 h. Bacteriological analysis demonstrated that representative populations of colonic micro-organisms were maintaine ...
Ecological and physiological studies on large intestinal bacteria in
... continuous culture model of the colon operated at system retention times (R) of either 31.1 or 68.4 h, showed that specific activities of GS were up to four-fold higher (V3) at R = 31.1 h. Bacteriological analysis demonstrated that representative populations of colonic micro-organisms were maintaine ...
... continuous culture model of the colon operated at system retention times (R) of either 31.1 or 68.4 h, showed that specific activities of GS were up to four-fold higher (V3) at R = 31.1 h. Bacteriological analysis demonstrated that representative populations of colonic micro-organisms were maintaine ...
Some effects of Fluoride on the IgA Protease of the Oral Bacterium
... bacteria is likely to reduce the virulence of these bacteria and to affect their ability to colonise oral mucosae and tooth surfaces. There is evidence that levels of specific IgA antibodies influence the number of oral streptococci colonising the tooth surface [8]. In these experiments the effect o ...
... bacteria is likely to reduce the virulence of these bacteria and to affect their ability to colonise oral mucosae and tooth surfaces. There is evidence that levels of specific IgA antibodies influence the number of oral streptococci colonising the tooth surface [8]. In these experiments the effect o ...
Detection of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater treatment plant
... and in the activated sludge sample itself. The research revealed that the value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) did not correspond with the expected presence of more than one resistance mechanisms. Most of the isolates possessed only one of the genes responsible for a particular chemothera ...
... and in the activated sludge sample itself. The research revealed that the value of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) did not correspond with the expected presence of more than one resistance mechanisms. Most of the isolates possessed only one of the genes responsible for a particular chemothera ...
Note: Large im ages and tables on this page m... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies. A ll rights reserved. Print
... MECHANISMS OF ACTION Antibacterial agents, like all antimicrobial drugs, are directed against unique targets not present in mammalian cells. The goal is to limit toxicity to the host and maximize chemotherapeutic activity affecting invading microbes only. Bactericidal drugs kill the bacteria that ar ...
... MECHANISMS OF ACTION Antibacterial agents, like all antimicrobial drugs, are directed against unique targets not present in mammalian cells. The goal is to limit toxicity to the host and maximize chemotherapeutic activity affecting invading microbes only. Bactericidal drugs kill the bacteria that ar ...
Antimicrobial Peptides
... peptides containing three or four disulfide bridges. They have been isolated from molluscs, acari, arachnids, insects, mammals, and plants. They are further divided into families on the basis of the spatial distribution of their cysteine residues. Three families, the α-, β- and θ-defensins, can be d ...
... peptides containing three or four disulfide bridges. They have been isolated from molluscs, acari, arachnids, insects, mammals, and plants. They are further divided into families on the basis of the spatial distribution of their cysteine residues. Three families, the α-, β- and θ-defensins, can be d ...
metronidazole - Fakultas Farmasi Unand
... ▫ Giardia infections of the small intestine, ▫ amebic liver abscess, and amebic dysentery (infection of the colon causing bloody diarrhea), ▫ bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginal infections, ▫ and carriers of trichomonas (both sexual partners) who do not have symptoms of infection. ...
... ▫ Giardia infections of the small intestine, ▫ amebic liver abscess, and amebic dysentery (infection of the colon causing bloody diarrhea), ▫ bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginal infections, ▫ and carriers of trichomonas (both sexual partners) who do not have symptoms of infection. ...
Penicillins - TOP Recommended Websites
... have a very broad spectrum of activity, including Gram-positives, Gram-negatives, anaerobes, intracellular bacteria (Chlamydia), and Mycoplasma. Some fluoroquinolones are active against mycobacteria. – • Fluoroquinolones are used for UTIs, pneumonia, atypical pneumonia and bacterial gastroenteritis. ...
... have a very broad spectrum of activity, including Gram-positives, Gram-negatives, anaerobes, intracellular bacteria (Chlamydia), and Mycoplasma. Some fluoroquinolones are active against mycobacteria. – • Fluoroquinolones are used for UTIs, pneumonia, atypical pneumonia and bacterial gastroenteritis. ...
Full file at http://testbankscafe.EU/ Test-Bank-for-Clinical
... b. chemotherapy. c. asepsis and sterilization. d. molecular biology. ANSWER: c (Level 1, Objective 3) 13. The germ theory of disease states that a. a specific infectious disease is caused by a specific type of microorganism. b. a specific microbe produces a specific change in the substance on which ...
... b. chemotherapy. c. asepsis and sterilization. d. molecular biology. ANSWER: c (Level 1, Objective 3) 13. The germ theory of disease states that a. a specific infectious disease is caused by a specific type of microorganism. b. a specific microbe produces a specific change in the substance on which ...
Chapter 6 The Cultivation of Bacteria
... population in our immediate environment. However, we need to emphasize this does not mean that autotrophs are less important. On the contrary, they are of utmost importance in less conspicuous but indispensable processes in nature such as the cycling of elements through biological systems. CulUvatlo ...
... population in our immediate environment. However, we need to emphasize this does not mean that autotrophs are less important. On the contrary, they are of utmost importance in less conspicuous but indispensable processes in nature such as the cycling of elements through biological systems. CulUvatlo ...
FREE Sample Here
... which live in environments known as ________. Answer: (microbial) populations / (microbial) habitats 63) The first documented description of a microorganism was of a ________ by ________. Answer: mold / Robert Hooke 64) ________ produced by microbial fermentation of glucose from sugarcane or cornsta ...
... which live in environments known as ________. Answer: (microbial) populations / (microbial) habitats 63) The first documented description of a microorganism was of a ________ by ________. Answer: mold / Robert Hooke 64) ________ produced by microbial fermentation of glucose from sugarcane or cornsta ...
Bakteriell fysiologi och patogenes, 7.5 hp
... We live on a microbial planet (1). Consider that forty billion bacteria live in a gram of ordinary soil and one million live in a millilitre of fresh water. In fact, there are estimated to be ~5×1030 bacteria on earth, forming much of the world's biomass. This represents thousands of different bacte ...
... We live on a microbial planet (1). Consider that forty billion bacteria live in a gram of ordinary soil and one million live in a millilitre of fresh water. In fact, there are estimated to be ~5×1030 bacteria on earth, forming much of the world's biomass. This represents thousands of different bacte ...
Molecular Biosciences 305: The Diversity of
... we think about lactic acid we talked about a number of products that are produced from lactic acid fermentation in our previous section. The clostridium species are gram-positive. They are endospore-forming rods, very common in soils. This endospore stage can withstand long term survivability in ver ...
... we think about lactic acid we talked about a number of products that are produced from lactic acid fermentation in our previous section. The clostridium species are gram-positive. They are endospore-forming rods, very common in soils. This endospore stage can withstand long term survivability in ver ...
InterFase®: Specialized Enzymes Disrupt Biofilm Matrix that
... Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Eradication of pathogen-associated biofilm is critical to successful elimination of these harmful organisms and restoration of healthful biofilm communities. InterFase® is a highly specialized enzyme formula that supports normal gastrointestinal function and m ...
... Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Eradication of pathogen-associated biofilm is critical to successful elimination of these harmful organisms and restoration of healthful biofilm communities. InterFase® is a highly specialized enzyme formula that supports normal gastrointestinal function and m ...
Evolutionary relationships among photosynthetic
... To understand the evolution of photosynthetic bacteria it is necessary to understand how the main groups within Bacteria have evolved from a common ancestor, a critical issue that has not been resolved in the past. Recent analysis of shared conserved inserts or deletions (indels) in protein sequence ...
... To understand the evolution of photosynthetic bacteria it is necessary to understand how the main groups within Bacteria have evolved from a common ancestor, a critical issue that has not been resolved in the past. Recent analysis of shared conserved inserts or deletions (indels) in protein sequence ...
Viruses and Bacteria
... The envelope helps the virus enter cells. It consists of proteins, lipids, and glycoproteins (glie koh PROH teenz), which are proteins with attached carbohydrate molecules that are derived from the host cell. Some viruses also contain specific enzymes. Viruses exist in a variety of shapes. Some viru ...
... The envelope helps the virus enter cells. It consists of proteins, lipids, and glycoproteins (glie koh PROH teenz), which are proteins with attached carbohydrate molecules that are derived from the host cell. Some viruses also contain specific enzymes. Viruses exist in a variety of shapes. Some viru ...
THE SOS-CHROMOTEST KIT VERSION 6.3 INSTRUCTIONS FOR
... components, cosmetics and biological fluids. Genotoxic materials may be hazardous due to their ability to induce mutations and cancerous transformation of normal cells. The SOS-CHROMOTEST kit utilizes the cell's own mechanisms for the detection of genotoxicity. All living cells have developed a sens ...
... components, cosmetics and biological fluids. Genotoxic materials may be hazardous due to their ability to induce mutations and cancerous transformation of normal cells. The SOS-CHROMOTEST kit utilizes the cell's own mechanisms for the detection of genotoxicity. All living cells have developed a sens ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... refer to genetical (DNA- or RNA-related) parameters such as genomic DNA structure, occurrence of plasmid DNA, sequence of ribosomal DNA or RNA, etc., although the latter may specifically be referred to as the ribotype. Classification and identification Classification is the term used when the cultur ...
... refer to genetical (DNA- or RNA-related) parameters such as genomic DNA structure, occurrence of plasmid DNA, sequence of ribosomal DNA or RNA, etc., although the latter may specifically be referred to as the ribotype. Classification and identification Classification is the term used when the cultur ...
Disinfectant
Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents that are applied to non-living objects to destroy microorganisms that are living on the objects. Disinfection does not necessarily kill all microorganisms, especially resistant bacterial spores; it is less effective than sterilization, which is an extreme physical and/or chemical process that kills all types of life. Disinfectants are different from other antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics, which destroy microorganisms within the body, and antiseptics, which destroy microorganisms on living tissue. Disinfectants are also different from biocides — the latter are intended to destroy all forms of life, not just microorganisms.Disinfectants work by destroying the cell wall of microbes or interfering with the metabolism.Sanitizers are substances that simultaneously clean and disinfect. Disinfectants are frequently used in hospitals, dental surgeries, kitchens, and bathrooms to kill infectious organisms.Bacterial endospores are most resistant to disinfectants, but some viruses and bacteria also possess some tolerance.In wastewater treatment, a disinfection step with chlorine, ultra-violet (UV) radiation or ozonation can be included as tertiary treatment to remove pathogens from wastewater, for example if it is to be reused to irrigate golf courses. An alternative term used in the sanitation sector for disinfection of waste streams, sewage sludge or fecal sludge is sanitisation or sanitization.