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-Atomic Bonding in Solids
-Atomic Bonding in Solids

Phase Rule
Phase Rule

... Along this curve two phases, ice and water are in equilibrium. The inclination of OC line towards the pressure axis indicates that the melting point of ice is slightly lowered by increase of pressure. (According to Le Chatelier's principle the increase in pressure causes the water - ice equilibrium ...
Analysis of thermal diffusivity in aluminum (particle)
Analysis of thermal diffusivity in aluminum (particle)

... The material used in this research was solid atactic PMMA and aluminum powder of a mean diameter between 10 and 40 mm. The molecular weight distribution of the PMMA was measured by GPC using a Shimadzu L-6A liquid chromatogram system with a RID-6A refractive index detector and a Shimpack GPC 802-803 ...
Practical Thermochemistry-Na Metal Cl Gas and Solid NaCl
Practical Thermochemistry-Na Metal Cl Gas and Solid NaCl

Reduction and Oxidation
Reduction and Oxidation

... 4. For atoms of group 13/ III (except B), the ON is + III (EX3) or + I (EX). And for atoms of group  14/ IV (except C, Si), the ON is + IV (EX4) or + II (EX2)  5.  In  compounds  which  are  made  up  of  non‐metals,  the  ON  of  the  more  electronegative  element  is  equal  to  the  charge  of  ...
Book of Abstracts
Book of Abstracts

... solution are perspective at application in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) [3], and NiFe2O4 can be used for the cathode production [4]. Elaboration of computer models of phase diagrams (PD) for oxide systems permit to expand the possibilities of their investigation. The dividing on two, one and zerodim ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)

Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences
Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences

Molecular dynamics investigation of heat conductivity in monocrystal
Molecular dynamics investigation of heat conductivity in monocrystal

... shown in Fig.8. The dependence is close to linear, but with additional noise, which becomes higher for higher values of t. The corresponding time-dependence of β is shown in Fig.9. The graph demonstrates much more irregular behavior then the previous one. In fact this graph is a derivative of the de ...
L-5: Thermodynamics of Mixtures (Chapter 7)
L-5: Thermodynamics of Mixtures (Chapter 7)

... • For example, in NaCl there is one Na+ and one Cl- associated with each lattice site. • The factor of 2 comes about because there are two ions associated with each defect. ...
1 Introduction to Hybrid Materials
1 Introduction to Hybrid Materials

... Apart from the use of inorganic materials as fillers for organic polymers, such as rubber, it was a long time before much scientific activity was devoted to mixtures of inorganic and organic materials. One process changed this situation: the sol–gel process. This process, which will be discussed in mo ...
HIGH TRANSMISSION SILICON (HiTranTM) FOR INFRARED
HIGH TRANSMISSION SILICON (HiTranTM) FOR INFRARED

Ch05a
Ch05a

Single-Crystal Structure of a Covalent Organic
Single-Crystal Structure of a Covalent Organic

... 1,4-dioxane at 120 °C to produce a highly porous 9-fold interwoven diamond net. COF-320 exhibits permanent porosity with a Langmuir surface area of 2400 m2/g and a methane total uptake of 15.0 wt % (176 cm3/cm3) at 25 °C and 80 bar. The successful determination of the structure of COF-320 directly f ...
Identification - KHAZAR UNIVERSITY
Identification - KHAZAR UNIVERSITY

... xxi. Henry’s law and solubility of gases(311) xxii. Distribution of a solute between two solvents(313) xxiii. Chemical equilibrium in the ideal solutions(313) ...
Syllabus
Syllabus

Thermal conductivity of ordered molecular water
Thermal conductivity of ordered molecular water

... with the experimental value. At lower field strengths the application of the electric field has a minor effect on ␭. However, beyond 5.0 V / nm fields 共which are very large by experimental standards兲, there is a very significant increase of thermal conductivity. In order to understand this behavior ...
Thermal Transport Measurements of Individual Multiwalled Nanotubes
Thermal Transport Measurements of Individual Multiwalled Nanotubes

... The thermal properties of carbon nanotubes are of fundamental interest and also play a critical role in controlling the performance and stability of nanotube devices [1]. Unlike electrical and mechanical properties, which have been studied at a single nanotube level [2], the thermal properties of ca ...
Oxidation-Reduction (REDOX) Reactions
Oxidation-Reduction (REDOX) Reactions

Latent Heat of Vaporization and Speci c Heat - Physlab
Latent Heat of Vaporization and Speci c Heat - Physlab

... We know that molecules are always on the move as they have kinetic energy, but the question is, how is this energy shared? James Clerk Maxwell solved this problem for a large number of molecules. He said that energy is equally divided in all the directions a molecule is free to move. The average ene ...
Large-strain time-temperature equivalence in high density
Large-strain time-temperature equivalence in high density

... Abstract. Time-temperature equivalence is a widely recognized property of many time-dependent material systems, where there is a clear predictive link relating the deformation response at a nominal temperature and a high strain-rate to an equivalent response at a depressed temperature and nominal st ...
Crystal structure
Crystal structure

... at one of the unit cell corners; each of the x, y, and z axes coincides with one of the three parallelepiped edges that extend from this corner, as illustrated in Figure 1.2. The unit cell geometry is completely defined in terms of six parameters: the three edge lengths a, b, and c, and the three in ...
Naming Ionic Compounds 16 Naming Ionic Compounds
Naming Ionic Compounds 16 Naming Ionic Compounds

Aluminum Alloy Designation
Aluminum Alloy Designation

NICKEL
NICKEL

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Solid



Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being liquid, gas, and plasma). It is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas does. The atoms in a solid are tightly bound to each other, either in a regular geometric lattice (crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary ice) or irregularly (an amorphous solid such as common window glass).The branch of physics that deals with solids is called solid-state physics, and is the main branch of condensed matter physics (which also includes liquids). Materials science is primarily concerned with the physical and chemical properties of solids. Solid-state chemistry is especially concerned with the synthesis of novel materials, as well as the science of identification and chemical composition.
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