Microbiology
... take longer to sterilize than one containing a half-million bacteria? Would a chemical microbial control agent that affected plasma membranes affect humans? How is microbial growth in canned foods prevented? What is the connection between the killing effect of radiation and hydroxyl radical fo ...
... take longer to sterilize than one containing a half-million bacteria? Would a chemical microbial control agent that affected plasma membranes affect humans? How is microbial growth in canned foods prevented? What is the connection between the killing effect of radiation and hydroxyl radical fo ...
Viruses - Sign In
... All prokaryotes are placed In the kingdom Monera. The monerans are the first large group of organisms that we shall consider as we examine each of the five kingdoms of living things. In this textbook we have divided the kingdom Monera into four phyla. These phyla are Eubacteria (yoo-bak-TEERee-uh), ...
... All prokaryotes are placed In the kingdom Monera. The monerans are the first large group of organisms that we shall consider as we examine each of the five kingdoms of living things. In this textbook we have divided the kingdom Monera into four phyla. These phyla are Eubacteria (yoo-bak-TEERee-uh), ...
Bacterial differentiation within Moraxella bovis colonies growing at
... three distinct zones : an outer ring, an inner ring, and an inner circle. The outer ring possessed additional fine structure in which the outermost edge was dense and enclosed another less dense ring. The width of the outer ring varied from 0.5 to 2 mm. The inner ring was uniformly turbid, lacked su ...
... three distinct zones : an outer ring, an inner ring, and an inner circle. The outer ring possessed additional fine structure in which the outermost edge was dense and enclosed another less dense ring. The width of the outer ring varied from 0.5 to 2 mm. The inner ring was uniformly turbid, lacked su ...
Chapter 27
... lack in size they make up for in numbers • There are more in a handful of fertile soil than the number of people who have ever lived • Prokaryotes are divided into two domains: bacteria and archaea ...
... lack in size they make up for in numbers • There are more in a handful of fertile soil than the number of people who have ever lived • Prokaryotes are divided into two domains: bacteria and archaea ...
Course name: BASICS OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND
... All components of teaching are obligatory. Students are allowed to miss up to 20% of the total course hours JUSTIFIABLE, provided that ALL abscenses are compensated through a colloquium. Students must be prepared for seminars and practical work, according to the topics in the schedule. Active partic ...
... All components of teaching are obligatory. Students are allowed to miss up to 20% of the total course hours JUSTIFIABLE, provided that ALL abscenses are compensated through a colloquium. Students must be prepared for seminars and practical work, according to the topics in the schedule. Active partic ...
B1 1 Keeping Healthy Questions and Answers
... between the MMR vaccine and autism. Dr Wakefield wrote that the parents of eight of the twelve children blamed the MMR vaccine for autism. He said that symptoms of autism had started within days of vaccination. Some newspapers used parts of the report in scare stories about the MMR vaccine. As a res ...
... between the MMR vaccine and autism. Dr Wakefield wrote that the parents of eight of the twelve children blamed the MMR vaccine for autism. He said that symptoms of autism had started within days of vaccination. Some newspapers used parts of the report in scare stories about the MMR vaccine. As a res ...
Glencoe Biology - Mr. Jones Jaguars
... Nutrient cycling and nitrogen fixation Bacteria are decomposers, returning vital nutrients to the environment. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, called rhizobia, live in a symbiotic relationship in the root nodules of plants such as soybeans, clover, and alfalfa. ...
... Nutrient cycling and nitrogen fixation Bacteria are decomposers, returning vital nutrients to the environment. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, called rhizobia, live in a symbiotic relationship in the root nodules of plants such as soybeans, clover, and alfalfa. ...
¿Biología sintética, solución para los problemas del
... While referring to fossil fuels, the main difference between a resource and a reserve is the possibility of entering the market. A resource is any font of fuel found in the earth’s crust, while a reserve is the part of those which is economically viable to extract. Fuel reserves, contrarily to what ...
... While referring to fossil fuels, the main difference between a resource and a reserve is the possibility of entering the market. A resource is any font of fuel found in the earth’s crust, while a reserve is the part of those which is economically viable to extract. Fuel reserves, contrarily to what ...
Dadkhah and Najmabadi1
... act as scavengers to “bind” cancer-causing chemicals, making them inactive. The ellagitannins inhibit the ability of other chemicals to cause mutations in bacteria. Strawberry ellagitannins also protect DNA by blocking carcinogens from binding to the DNA (Heinonen et al. 2000). Bacteria are a part o ...
... act as scavengers to “bind” cancer-causing chemicals, making them inactive. The ellagitannins inhibit the ability of other chemicals to cause mutations in bacteria. Strawberry ellagitannins also protect DNA by blocking carcinogens from binding to the DNA (Heinonen et al. 2000). Bacteria are a part o ...
Review for Bio 6 Quiz 1
... These media are used to test for carbohydrate fermentation. These are differential but not selective tests. This is one of a series of tests that help identify Gram negative rods, although it can be used with other organisms as well. If the medium contains glucose, the test will show if an organism ...
... These media are used to test for carbohydrate fermentation. These are differential but not selective tests. This is one of a series of tests that help identify Gram negative rods, although it can be used with other organisms as well. If the medium contains glucose, the test will show if an organism ...
Microbial Growth Lecture PowerPoint
... lack of oxygen does not hurt them, they can be found all along the test tube. 4: Microaerophiles gather at upper part of test tube, not at top. Require O2, but at low concentration. 5: Aerotolerant bacteria are not affected by oxygen, and they are evenly spread along the test tube. From the Virtual ...
... lack of oxygen does not hurt them, they can be found all along the test tube. 4: Microaerophiles gather at upper part of test tube, not at top. Require O2, but at low concentration. 5: Aerotolerant bacteria are not affected by oxygen, and they are evenly spread along the test tube. From the Virtual ...
Factors Affecting the Toxicity of Oxygen Towards
... and the signals were greatly enhanced when the freeze-dried bacteria were exposed to oxygen, presumably because paramagnetic molecules such as oxygen react readily with free radicals to form peroxyradicals. Such events probably occur when bacteria are sprayed into air at low RH values. The peroxyrad ...
... and the signals were greatly enhanced when the freeze-dried bacteria were exposed to oxygen, presumably because paramagnetic molecules such as oxygen react readily with free radicals to form peroxyradicals. Such events probably occur when bacteria are sprayed into air at low RH values. The peroxyrad ...
Feature Article - American Society for Microbiology
... a disease, it must be (i) consistently found in association with the disease, (ii) isolated from the disease, and (iii) able to produce the disease in its isolated state . These precepts, which came to be more commonly known as Koch’s postulates because of the definitive way in which he used them in ...
... a disease, it must be (i) consistently found in association with the disease, (ii) isolated from the disease, and (iii) able to produce the disease in its isolated state . These precepts, which came to be more commonly known as Koch’s postulates because of the definitive way in which he used them in ...
VitaMin Checkup for a healthy house Vital health information in a minute
... “Cigna” and the “Tree of Life” logo are registered service marks, and “Together, all the way.” is a service mark, of Cigna Intellectual Property, Inc., licensed for use by Cigna Corporation and its operating subsidiaries. All products and services are provided by or through such operating subsidiari ...
... “Cigna” and the “Tree of Life” logo are registered service marks, and “Together, all the way.” is a service mark, of Cigna Intellectual Property, Inc., licensed for use by Cigna Corporation and its operating subsidiaries. All products and services are provided by or through such operating subsidiari ...
ATCC® BACTeriAl CulTure Guide
... control system of incubators. Use an alarm system when possible to warn against temperature increases above the optimum setting. ...
... control system of incubators. Use an alarm system when possible to warn against temperature increases above the optimum setting. ...
Document
... Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in the medical industry due to the large increases in antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria, over the past 20 years. Bacteria are constantly evolving into more efficient pathogens resulting in their ability to resist antibiotics. Many of the cur ...
... Antibiotic resistance is a major problem in the medical industry due to the large increases in antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria, over the past 20 years. Bacteria are constantly evolving into more efficient pathogens resulting in their ability to resist antibiotics. Many of the cur ...
Gut bacterial community structure of two Australian tropical fruit fly
... 1999; Capuzzo et al., 2005). However, other bacteria, including less common species, were overlooked because they did not grow on, or could not compete with, the fast growth rates of Enterobacteriaceae species on the chosen nutrient agar media (Thaochan et al., 2010a, b). Molecular techniques have b ...
... 1999; Capuzzo et al., 2005). However, other bacteria, including less common species, were overlooked because they did not grow on, or could not compete with, the fast growth rates of Enterobacteriaceae species on the chosen nutrient agar media (Thaochan et al., 2010a, b). Molecular techniques have b ...
the present study aimed to detect the responsible microorganisms in
... cholecystectomy at the general teaching Hilla Hospital from november 2011 to june 2012 .Gallstones from 107 patients of cholelithiasis were collected after cholecystectomy .95 gallstones were collected from16 males and 92 females. The stones were divided into3 groups depending upon their colour: pal ...
... cholecystectomy at the general teaching Hilla Hospital from november 2011 to june 2012 .Gallstones from 107 patients of cholelithiasis were collected after cholecystectomy .95 gallstones were collected from16 males and 92 females. The stones were divided into3 groups depending upon their colour: pal ...
Microbiology
... bacilli (any gram positive colony) • Tests for the enzyme catalase, which acts on hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxygen. • Place a small amount of an isolated colony from a blood agar plate on slide and a drop of catalase reagent (3% hydrogen peroxide). • Catalase positive- gas bubbles are p ...
... bacilli (any gram positive colony) • Tests for the enzyme catalase, which acts on hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxygen. • Place a small amount of an isolated colony from a blood agar plate on slide and a drop of catalase reagent (3% hydrogen peroxide). • Catalase positive- gas bubbles are p ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... assumption is that each colony arises from a single bacterial cell; however, in reality it can only be stated that a colony arose from at least one bacterial cell. Many organisms do not grow as isolated individual strains. The bacilli- and coccishaped microbes discussed above do not always grow as i ...
... assumption is that each colony arises from a single bacterial cell; however, in reality it can only be stated that a colony arose from at least one bacterial cell. Many organisms do not grow as isolated individual strains. The bacilli- and coccishaped microbes discussed above do not always grow as i ...
Clinical Case Example - Montana State University Extended University
... A selective and differential agar which contains 7.5% salt to select for certain Gram‐positive bacteria such as Staphylococci. The high salt concentration selects for halophilic organisms (organisms that like salt). It also contains mannitol sugar and phenol red (a pH indicator) which will sele ...
... A selective and differential agar which contains 7.5% salt to select for certain Gram‐positive bacteria such as Staphylococci. The high salt concentration selects for halophilic organisms (organisms that like salt). It also contains mannitol sugar and phenol red (a pH indicator) which will sele ...
results - Digital Knowledge - Cape Peninsula University of Technology
... the low concentrations of 1.0 and 5.0 mg/ml followed by water extract with MIC values of 5.0 mg/ml against gram positive bacteria, and the hexane extract with MIC of 10 mg/ml. The activity of the extracts against B. cereus is noteworthy because it is a human pathogen that is difficult to treat with ...
... the low concentrations of 1.0 and 5.0 mg/ml followed by water extract with MIC values of 5.0 mg/ml against gram positive bacteria, and the hexane extract with MIC of 10 mg/ml. The activity of the extracts against B. cereus is noteworthy because it is a human pathogen that is difficult to treat with ...
Questions for Microbiology (practical)
... • 2) Is a gram stain an adequate substitute for an acid-fast stain? • 3) What are the colors of acid-fast and non acid-fast bacteria like (Escherichia coli and Staph aureus) at the end of the acid-fast stain? Explain in details? • 4) Why is it best to use an old culture for acid fast stain? • 5) Wha ...
... • 2) Is a gram stain an adequate substitute for an acid-fast stain? • 3) What are the colors of acid-fast and non acid-fast bacteria like (Escherichia coli and Staph aureus) at the end of the acid-fast stain? Explain in details? • 4) Why is it best to use an old culture for acid fast stain? • 5) Wha ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... Bacteria can not absorb folic acid => synthesis from p-amino-benzoic acid (PABA) required (Folic acid is a vitamin for humans => synthesis pathway is restricted to bacteria => selective drug target) Folate antagonsists block folate synthesis => inhibition of nucleotide synthesis => bacteriostatic ef ...
... Bacteria can not absorb folic acid => synthesis from p-amino-benzoic acid (PABA) required (Folic acid is a vitamin for humans => synthesis pathway is restricted to bacteria => selective drug target) Folate antagonsists block folate synthesis => inhibition of nucleotide synthesis => bacteriostatic ef ...
Bacteria
Bacteria (/bækˈtɪəriə/; singular: bacterium) constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep portions of Earth's crust. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationships with plants and animals. They are also known to have flourished in manned spacecraft.There are typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil and a million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water. There are approximately 5×1030 bacteria on Earth, forming a biomass which exceeds that of all plants and animals. Bacteria are vital in recycling nutrients, with many of the stages in nutrient cycles dependent on these organisms, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere and putrefaction. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. On 17 March 2013, researchers reported data that suggested bacterial life forms thrive in the Mariana Trench, which with a depth of up to 11 kilometres is the deepest part of the Earth's oceans. Other researchers reported related studies that microbes thrive inside rocks up to 580 metres below the sea floor under 2.6 kilometres of ocean off the coast of the northwestern United States. According to one of the researchers, ""You can find microbes everywhere — they're extremely adaptable to conditions, and survive wherever they are.""Most bacteria have not been characterized, and only about half of the phyla of bacteria have species that can be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is known as bacteriology, a branch of microbiology.There are approximately ten times as many bacterial cells in the human flora as there are human cells in the body, with the largest number of the human flora being in the gut flora, and a large number on the skin. The vast majority of the bacteria in the body are rendered harmless by the protective effects of the immune system, and some are beneficial. However, several species of bacteria are pathogenic and cause infectious diseases, including cholera, syphilis, anthrax, leprosy, and bubonic plague. The most common fatal bacterial diseases are respiratory infections, with tuberculosis alone killing about 2 million people per year, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. In developed countries, antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are also used in farming, making antibiotic resistance a growing problem. In industry, bacteria are important in sewage treatment and the breakdown of oil spills, the production of cheese and yogurt through fermentation, and the recovery of gold, palladium, copper and other metals in the mining sector, as well as in biotechnology, and the manufacture of antibiotics and other chemicals.Once regarded as plants constituting the class Schizomycetes, bacteria are now classified as prokaryotes. Unlike cells of animals and other eukaryotes, bacterial cells do not contain a nucleus and rarely harbour membrane-bound organelles. Although the term bacteria traditionally included all prokaryotes, the scientific classification changed after the discovery in the 1990s that prokaryotes consist of two very different groups of organisms that evolved from an ancient common ancestor. These evolutionary domains are called Bacteria and Archaea.