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Neutral Electrolyzed Water
Neutral Electrolyzed Water

... NEW is less toxic, less volatile, easier to handle, compatible with other water treatment chemicals, effective against biofilm and generates no by-products compared to currently used biocides. NEW is highly biocidal, but has a very low ...
Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens Causing Community-Acquired Pneumonia Charles Feldman and Ronald Anderson
Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogens Causing Community-Acquired Pneumonia Charles Feldman and Ronald Anderson

... inhibitors, such as beta-lactams, glycopeptides and fosfomycin. However, in addition to tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, macrolide antibiotics are effective therapeutic agents against the so-called “atypical pathogens”. Macrolides are therefore recommended in many of the international CAP guideli ...
Mathematical Description of Microbial Biofilms
Mathematical Description of Microbial Biofilms

... 2. Quorum Sensing. It has been known for some time that bacteria can communicate with each other using chemical signaling molecules. As in higher organisms, these signaling processes allow bacteria to synchronize activities and behave as multicellular microorganisms. Many bacteria produce, release, ...
Summary  How do maggots operate?
Summary How do maggots operate?

... including the results from this thesis, except for those from the complement study that will be discussed in Chapter 7. Finally, some possible future prospects are suggested. Part of the underlying mechanism of MDT could be explained by modification of extracellular matrix components and by biofilm ...
Characterization and resistance profiles of selected
Characterization and resistance profiles of selected

... human contact and consisted of mostly orphaned juveniles that were fed, bathed and cuddled regularly. The 2nd group had been weaned from frequent contact with humans, but had occasional contact. The 3rd group lived in enclosures similar to their natural habitats with almost no human contact. Antimic ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)

... Infectious disease, especially S. aureus infection was great burden in pre-antibiotic world as the mortality exceeded 80% and metastatic infection raised over 70% [1]. Scientists found antibiotics as miracle against most of the bacteria including S. aureus but their confidence was shaken by the emer ...
VIGNA UNGUICULATA
VIGNA UNGUICULATA

... of treating a bacterial infection, decoction of the plant parts or boiling the plant in water is employed whereas according to the present study, preparing an extract with an organic solvent was showed a better antibacterial activity [13]. In the whole study it was observed that the plant extracts s ...
screening of some plant species for their total antioxidant and
screening of some plant species for their total antioxidant and

... (Duffy and Power 2001). Nowadays re-emerging connection between plants and human health especially depends on their antioxidant activities that may delay or reduce the hazardous effects of free radicals. The major causative for the generation of free radicals in food, drugs, and living systems is th ...
Co-selection may explain high rates of ciprofloxacin non
Co-selection may explain high rates of ciprofloxacin non

... retail poultry for contamination with fluoroquinolone non-susceptible Escherichia coli, then explored the hypothesis that their presence may be due to co-selection of resistance determinants. Between August and November 2010, samples from 30 locally produced, uncooked retail poultry carcasses from f ...
Features of biofilms
Features of biofilms

... Steep diffusion gradients, especially for oxygen, exist in the more compact lower regions of biofilm, which explains changes in microbial composition. ...
Biofilms in the dairy industry
Biofilms in the dairy industry

... Biofilms in humans • All surfaces of the body exposed to the external environment (skin, teeth, mouth, respiratory and gastrointestinal epithelia). • It has been estimated that 65% of human infections involve biofilms (Potera, ...
Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms on the Camponotus pennsylvanicus
Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms on the Camponotus pennsylvanicus

... Abstract: Carpenter ants (Camponotus pennsylvanicus) are not only found in kitchens but they are also present in gutters, woods, and the places which are poorly adapted to healthy environment. The presence of these ants in the kitchen makes all the utensils and the food entirely unhygienic as a resu ...
View PDF - OMICS International
View PDF - OMICS International

... The present results should encourage research on antibacterial–hydrophilic ingredients derived from Kumazasa for use against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The combination of Kumazasa-cytoplasmic extract with a cell wall synthesis inhibitor (ABPC or VCM) will be a highly efficient treatment for infe ...
HALOMONAS HYDROTHERMALIS PRODUCING A CLASS-A β-LACTAMASE, ISOLATED FROM KUMTA COAST  Research Article
HALOMONAS HYDROTHERMALIS PRODUCING A CLASS-A β-LACTAMASE, ISOLATED FROM KUMTA COAST Research Article

... disease community today4. Resistance to β-lactam antibiotic in Gram negative organisms are mostly due to the secretion of β-lactamases5, and a variety of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes have been detected from these organisms6. It is surprising to note that most of the β-lactamase produ ...
Synthetic biology platform technologies for antimicrobial applications
Synthetic biology platform technologies for antimicrobial applications

... that has emerged from synthetic biology and its union with other scientific fields, combined with the pressing need for next-generation antimicrobials, has led to the creation of new methods to combat ...
Antibacterial activity of different extracts of medicinal plant Swertia
Antibacterial activity of different extracts of medicinal plant Swertia

... antibacterial activity of the plant Swertia chirata . The ethanol and methanol extract of leaves and stem of the plant were used for this purpose. The test organisms used were two Gram Positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sp.) and three Gram Negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae ...
PROBIOTIC FOODS: HEALTHY WAY TO HEALTHY LIFE
PROBIOTIC FOODS: HEALTHY WAY TO HEALTHY LIFE

... of E. coli. Protects against gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and bowels) and is useful in the prevention and therapy of solid tumors (breast tumors).  Bifidobacteria lactis - Enhances resistance to oral ...
Antimicrobial agents that target the bacterial cell wall
Antimicrobial agents that target the bacterial cell wall

... acquired from vancomycin-resistant enterococci (76). More frequent is the reporting of staphylococci with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides, although these strains are still not a large proportion of the staphylococci encountered in therapeutic practice. These strains, known as vancomycin-inte ...
Use of Germicides in the Home and the Healthcare Setting: Is There
Use of Germicides in the Home and the Healthcare Setting: Is There

... Other investigators have also failed to demonstrate reduced susceptibility of VRE to disinfectants, including a chlorinereleasing agent, an alcohol, and a glutaraldehyde product.104 Kuchen et al.102 assessed clinical isolates of several multiantibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria and reported t ...
CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF PLASMIDS ENCODING
CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF PLASMIDS ENCODING

... Vogel, 1999). The action of these peptides ranges from physical barriers to cell mediated immune responses to microrganisms (Nicolas and Mor, 1995). Thus far over 100 different antimicrobial peptides have been discovered in vertebrates. These discoveries may help medicine, as many organisms have bec ...
structural and metabolic characteristic of gingival epithelium
structural and metabolic characteristic of gingival epithelium

... • Contain – K4, K13 (Oesophageal type cytokeratin) - K19 • No Merkel cell • Glu-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is less. ...
Mechanisms of quinolone action and microbial
Mechanisms of quinolone action and microbial

... Interestingly, a recent report suggests that moxifloxacin has DNA gyrase as its primary target in S. aureus, further illustrating the complexity of fluoroquinolone–target interactions.12 Computer-based studies have indicated that substitution of a fluorine or alkoxy group at the C-8 position of N-1 ...
Symposium3_1
Symposium3_1

... • accounted for 2 percent of all ambulatory. • The major treatable pathogen is group A streptococcus (GAS), being the cause of pharyngitis in only approximately 10 percent. • 73 percent of adults got antibiotics. • 68 percent of these were more expensive, broader spectrum agents than those recommend ...
The Staphylococci123.5 KB
The Staphylococci123.5 KB

... Group specific carbohydrate ...
15-2-1&2 抗微生物药概论&beta内酰胺类抗生素
15-2-1&2 抗微生物药概论&beta内酰胺类抗生素

... 9. Concentration Dependent killing: situation in which the bactericidal activity of a drug depends by how much the drug concentration exceeds the Minimum inhibitory concentration of the organism in question. e.g. aminoglycosides and quinolones ...
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Antimicrobial surface

An antimicrobial surface contains an antimicrobial agent that inhibits or reduces the ability of microorganisms to grow on the surface of a material. Such surfaces are becoming more widely investigated for possible use in various settings including clinics, industry, and even the home. The most common and most important use of antimicrobial coatings has been in the healthcare setting for sterilization of medical devices to prevent hospital associated infections, which have accounted for almost 100,000 deaths in the United States. In addition to medical devices, linens and clothing can provide a suitable environment for many bacteria, fungi, and viruses to grow when in contact with the human body which allows for the transmission of infectious disease.Antimicrobial surfaces are functionalized in a variety of different processes. A coating may be applied to a surface that has a chemical compound which is toxic to microorganism. Other surfaces may be functionalized by attaching a polymer, or polypeptide to its surface.An innovation in antimicrobial surfaces is the discovery that copper and its alloys (brasses, bronzes, cupronickel, copper-nickel-zinc, and others) are natural antimicrobial materials that have intrinsic properties to destroy a wide range of microorganisms. An abundance of peer-reviewed antimicrobial efficacy studies have been published regarding copper’s efficacy to destroy E. coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus, Clostridium difficile, influenza A virus, adenovirus, and fungi. For further information regarding efficacy studies, clinical studies (including U.S. Department of Defense clinical trials), United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registrations with public health claims for 355 Antimicrobial Copper (Cu+) alloys, and a list of EPA-registered antimicrobial copper products, see: Antimicrobial copper touch surfaces and Antimicrobial properties of copper.Apart from the health industry, antimicrobial surfaces have been utilized for their ability to keep surfaces cleaned. Either the physical nature of the surface, or the chemical make up can be manipulated to create an environment which cannot be inhabited by microorganisms for a variety of different reasons. Photocatalytic materials have been used for their ability to kill many microorganisms and therefore can be used for self-cleaning surfaces as well as air cleaning, water purification, and antitumor activity.
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