2.1 The Bushveld Complex is the largest known layered intrusion on
... Rashoop Granophyre Suite and the Lebowa Granite Suite (Von Gruenewaldt et aI., 1985). The Rustenburg Layered Suite is an approximately 8 km thick succession of layered mafic and ultramafic rocks, exposed in 5 major lobes, i.e., the eastern-, western-, and far-western lobes, the northern or Potgieter ...
... Rashoop Granophyre Suite and the Lebowa Granite Suite (Von Gruenewaldt et aI., 1985). The Rustenburg Layered Suite is an approximately 8 km thick succession of layered mafic and ultramafic rocks, exposed in 5 major lobes, i.e., the eastern-, western-, and far-western lobes, the northern or Potgieter ...
john_baross_geoscience_definitionsx
... Olivine: Mineral (Mg,Fe)2SiO4). The main constituent of upper mantle peridotites. A solid solution of fayalite (Fe2SiO4) and fosterite (Mg2SiO4) Ophiolite: Fragment of oceanic lithosphere (crust and mantle) emplaced on the continent and frequently part of mountain peaks. Peridotite: Rock with over 9 ...
... Olivine: Mineral (Mg,Fe)2SiO4). The main constituent of upper mantle peridotites. A solid solution of fayalite (Fe2SiO4) and fosterite (Mg2SiO4) Ophiolite: Fragment of oceanic lithosphere (crust and mantle) emplaced on the continent and frequently part of mountain peaks. Peridotite: Rock with over 9 ...
Geology Highway Map Southern Ontario
... Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed by the terms set out on this page (“Terms of Use”). By downloading this Content, you (the “User”) have accepted, and have agreed to be bound by, the Terms of Use. Content: This Content is offered by the Province of Ontar ...
... Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed by the terms set out on this page (“Terms of Use”). By downloading this Content, you (the “User”) have accepted, and have agreed to be bound by, the Terms of Use. Content: This Content is offered by the Province of Ontar ...
South Carolina Electric & Gas COL Application Part 3 – Environmental Report 2.6
... unweathered samples obtained from the excavation for Unit 1 (Dames & Moore 1974). Borehole data from the area of proposed Units 2 and 3 indicates that the Winnsboro plutonic complex at the site includes a range of igneous rock compositions and textures that include granodiorite, quartz diorite, migm ...
... unweathered samples obtained from the excavation for Unit 1 (Dames & Moore 1974). Borehole data from the area of proposed Units 2 and 3 indicates that the Winnsboro plutonic complex at the site includes a range of igneous rock compositions and textures that include granodiorite, quartz diorite, migm ...
The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics
... • The Earth’s crust is divided into 12 major plates which are moved in various directions. • This plate motion causes them to collide, pull apart, or scrape against each other. • Each type of interaction causes a characteristic set of Earth structures or “tectonic” features. • The word, tectonic, re ...
... • The Earth’s crust is divided into 12 major plates which are moved in various directions. • This plate motion causes them to collide, pull apart, or scrape against each other. • Each type of interaction causes a characteristic set of Earth structures or “tectonic” features. • The word, tectonic, re ...
Cordilleran Orogen Main Topics Paleozoic Passive Margin Antler
... • Great Valley Sequence filled an elongated forearc basin • Sierra Nevada was the root zone of the arc ...
... • Great Valley Sequence filled an elongated forearc basin • Sierra Nevada was the root zone of the arc ...
rocks - Mrs. DiLorenzo Earth Science
... How do Sedimentary Rocks form? 1. Cementation: occurs when clasts are cemented together. – Calcite, quartz, & hematite are common cements. – Clastic Sedimentary Rocks: mainly composed of solid sediments ...
... How do Sedimentary Rocks form? 1. Cementation: occurs when clasts are cemented together. – Calcite, quartz, & hematite are common cements. – Clastic Sedimentary Rocks: mainly composed of solid sediments ...
Plate tectonics in the Andes
... crustal melting incorporating some of the crust minerals in the melt. The final magma collects in ‘Magma Chambers’ and with increasing pressure eventually erupts as volcanoes. The final erupted material is called ‘Andesite’ named after the Andes where it was first identified. ...
... crustal melting incorporating some of the crust minerals in the melt. The final magma collects in ‘Magma Chambers’ and with increasing pressure eventually erupts as volcanoes. The final erupted material is called ‘Andesite’ named after the Andes where it was first identified. ...
Sedimentary Rocks
... loose sediment into stone. 1. Compaction – as sediments accumulate through time, the weight of the overlying material compresses the deeper sediments until they harden. 2. Cementation – cementing material through time precipitate on to the sediment, filling the spaces and joining the particles, Calc ...
... loose sediment into stone. 1. Compaction – as sediments accumulate through time, the weight of the overlying material compresses the deeper sediments until they harden. 2. Cementation – cementing material through time precipitate on to the sediment, filling the spaces and joining the particles, Calc ...
A1987G350600001
... centers. Van Andel asked that I send the specimens loaned to me, as well as the thin sections I had made, to a long-time colleague of his at Scripps for more intensive study. Quite frankly, I viewed this as giving up acknowledgement for a potentially important discovery, and we arranged that I would ...
... centers. Van Andel asked that I send the specimens loaned to me, as well as the thin sections I had made, to a long-time colleague of his at Scripps for more intensive study. Quite frankly, I viewed this as giving up acknowledgement for a potentially important discovery, and we arranged that I would ...
Seismix2003
... igneous distribution and volumes, that feed back into the modelling. We use both seismic and subsidence results to show that there was a rapid drop in the temperature of the mantle plume immediately following continental breakup. We acquired two wide angle and normal incidence surveys, using 85 four ...
... igneous distribution and volumes, that feed back into the modelling. We use both seismic and subsidence results to show that there was a rapid drop in the temperature of the mantle plume immediately following continental breakup. We acquired two wide angle and normal incidence surveys, using 85 four ...
Nonfoliated Rocks
... With higher pressure and temperature, the mineral mica can grow and make the rock look shiny, as is common in phyllite and schist. At even higher levels of metamorphism, the minerals in the rock tend to separate into light and dark bands, like those in gneiss. How do rocks change as foliation develo ...
... With higher pressure and temperature, the mineral mica can grow and make the rock look shiny, as is common in phyllite and schist. At even higher levels of metamorphism, the minerals in the rock tend to separate into light and dark bands, like those in gneiss. How do rocks change as foliation develo ...
Gabbro Igneous rock containing coarse, iron
... Igneous rock containing coarse, iron-bearing hornblende and augite (dark), and scattered feldspar grains pink). Rock crystallized from iron-rich magma at considerable depth beneath the surface. Gabbro is the coarse grained plutonic (subsurface) equivalent of basalt lava. Gabbro is a medium or coarse ...
... Igneous rock containing coarse, iron-bearing hornblende and augite (dark), and scattered feldspar grains pink). Rock crystallized from iron-rich magma at considerable depth beneath the surface. Gabbro is the coarse grained plutonic (subsurface) equivalent of basalt lava. Gabbro is a medium or coarse ...
10. Continents: structure and history 10.1. Structure of continents
... Accreted blocks of tens to hundreds of kilometers in size are called terrains (or terranes). The geology and age of these accreted terrains may be very different from those of the adjacent continental rocks. Japan is formed of a juxtaposition of accreted terrains parallel to the subduction zone and ...
... Accreted blocks of tens to hundreds of kilometers in size are called terrains (or terranes). The geology and age of these accreted terrains may be very different from those of the adjacent continental rocks. Japan is formed of a juxtaposition of accreted terrains parallel to the subduction zone and ...
Chapter 20 The Precambrian Record
... 15. Formation of broad shallow shelves and epeiric seas was afforded by: a. an increase in mantle plume activity. b. a decrease in the rate of mantle convection. c. an increase in rifting of continental blocks. d. an increase in collision of continental blocks. 16. The Wilson cycle illustrates: a. t ...
... 15. Formation of broad shallow shelves and epeiric seas was afforded by: a. an increase in mantle plume activity. b. a decrease in the rate of mantle convection. c. an increase in rifting of continental blocks. d. an increase in collision of continental blocks. 16. The Wilson cycle illustrates: a. t ...
brochure Archienviron 2 - Archean Environment: The habitat of early
... international congresses. Banded iron formations, which probably indicate a change in atmosphere composition around 2.5 Ga (photo: N. Arndt) ...
... international congresses. Banded iron formations, which probably indicate a change in atmosphere composition around 2.5 Ga (photo: N. Arndt) ...
mantle
... the crust is brittle enough at some locations to produce earthquakes by faulting, such as within a subducted oceanic plate. Locked fault—a fault that is not slipping because frictional resistance on the fault is greater than the shear stress across the fault (it is stuck). Such faults may store stra ...
... the crust is brittle enough at some locations to produce earthquakes by faulting, such as within a subducted oceanic plate. Locked fault—a fault that is not slipping because frictional resistance on the fault is greater than the shear stress across the fault (it is stuck). Such faults may store stra ...
The Plate Tectonic Model
... Oceanic/Continental divergent margins are rare, if they exist at all. There is probably no theoretical reason a rift could not initiate immediately beside a continent, though it should be easier to accumulate the necessary heat in the mantle beneath the continent, where the insulating ability of th ...
... Oceanic/Continental divergent margins are rare, if they exist at all. There is probably no theoretical reason a rift could not initiate immediately beside a continent, though it should be easier to accumulate the necessary heat in the mantle beneath the continent, where the insulating ability of th ...
Earth-and-plate-tectonics PowerPoint
... Ocean-Ocean Plate Collision • When two oceanic plates collide, one runs over the other which causes it to sink into the mantle forming a subduction zone. • The subducting plate is bent downward to form a very deep depression in the ocean floor called a trench. • The worlds deepest parts of the ocea ...
... Ocean-Ocean Plate Collision • When two oceanic plates collide, one runs over the other which causes it to sink into the mantle forming a subduction zone. • The subducting plate is bent downward to form a very deep depression in the ocean floor called a trench. • The worlds deepest parts of the ocea ...
Palaeoproterozoic Crustal Evolution of the Southern Eyre Peninsula
... 1845 +1.4 to -1.0) and large volumes of contemporary crustal material of the Sleaford Complex ((Nd 1845 -5 to 10). Locally, isotopic signatures of Lincoln Batholith magmas are derived entirely from adjacent basement enclaves. Trace element discrimination diagrams are indicative of within plate tecto ...
... 1845 +1.4 to -1.0) and large volumes of contemporary crustal material of the Sleaford Complex ((Nd 1845 -5 to 10). Locally, isotopic signatures of Lincoln Batholith magmas are derived entirely from adjacent basement enclaves. Trace element discrimination diagrams are indicative of within plate tecto ...
Geologic History of San Diego County
... would emerge. Ocean waters would stretch eastward to Arizona and northern Mexico. There, ancient granites, as old as 1800 million years, and associated metamorphic rocks would form the western edge of the North American continent. A low rolling landscape with rivers that have long since disappeared ...
... would emerge. Ocean waters would stretch eastward to Arizona and northern Mexico. There, ancient granites, as old as 1800 million years, and associated metamorphic rocks would form the western edge of the North American continent. A low rolling landscape with rivers that have long since disappeared ...
ESC101 Ch 4 Plate Tectonics
... Earthquake and plate margins • Earthquake – Tectonic movement produce pressure and friction. – Friction is overcome, the block slips and pent up energy releases with a huge “snap” – Focus • Where earthquake begins ...
... Earthquake and plate margins • Earthquake – Tectonic movement produce pressure and friction. – Friction is overcome, the block slips and pent up energy releases with a huge “snap” – Focus • Where earthquake begins ...
Different Types of Rocks and the Rock Cycle
... carries smaller grains downstream and deposits larger grains. ...
... carries smaller grains downstream and deposits larger grains. ...
Subglacial lakes in Antarctica:
... More than 150 subglacial lakes have been identified beneath the Antarctic ice sheet and the number continues to increase. Buried beneath several miles of ice these lakes range in size from Lake Ontario to lakes the size of Manhattan. Lake Vostok, the largest known subglacial lake on Earth, is believ ...
... More than 150 subglacial lakes have been identified beneath the Antarctic ice sheet and the number continues to increase. Buried beneath several miles of ice these lakes range in size from Lake Ontario to lakes the size of Manhattan. Lake Vostok, the largest known subglacial lake on Earth, is believ ...
Great Lakes tectonic zone
The Great Lakes tectonic zone is bounded by South Dakota at its tip and heads northeast to south of Duluth, Minnesota, then heads east through northern Wisconsin, Marquette, Michigan, and then trends more northeasterly to skim the northern-most shores of lakes Michigan and Huron before ending in the Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, area.During the Late Archean Era the Algoman orogeny added landmass to the Superior province by volcanic activity and continental collision along a boundary that stretches from present-day South Dakota, U.S., into the Lake Huron region near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.This crustal boundary is the Great Lakes tectonic zone. It is 1,400 km (870 mi) long, and separates the older Archean gneissic terrane to the south from younger Late Archean greenstone-granite terrane to the north.The zone is characterized by active compression during the Algoman orogeny (about 2,700 million years ago), a pulling-apart (extensional) tectonics (2,450 to 2,100 million years ago), a second compression during the Penokean orogeny (1,900 to 1,850 million years ago), a second extension during Middle Proterozoic time (1,600 million years ago) and minor reactivation during Phanerozoic time (the past 500 million years).Collision began along the Great Lakes tectonic zone (GLTZ) with the Algoman mountain-building event and continued for tens of millions of years. During the formation of the GLTZ, the gneissic Minnesota River Valley subprovince was thrust up onto the Superior province's edge as it consumed the Superior province's oceanic crust. Fragmentation of the Kenorland supercontinent began 2,450 million years ago and was completed by 2,100 million years ago. The Wyoming province is the continental landmass that is hypothesized to have rifted away from the southern Superior province portion of Kenorland, before moving rapidly west and docking with the Laurentia supercontinent 1,850 to 1,715 million years ago. Sedimentation from the GLTZ-rifting environment continued into the Penokean orogeny, which is the next major tectonic event in the Great Lakes region. Several earthquakes have been documented in Minnesota, Michigan's Upper Peninsula and Sudbury in the last 120 years along the GLTZ.