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Entanglement and Quantum Teleportation
... Alice has managed to communicate two bits of information to Bob by sending only one qubit, provided they shared a Bell state to start To create and share a Bell state, they must have (at some point) transmitted a qubit, although this transmission could be in either direction The important point: the ...
... Alice has managed to communicate two bits of information to Bob by sending only one qubit, provided they shared a Bell state to start To create and share a Bell state, they must have (at some point) transmitted a qubit, although this transmission could be in either direction The important point: the ...
memory effects in the dynamics of open quantum systems
... under active research. The possibility to engineer noise processes in open quantum systems is of major importance e.g. in recent proposals for the generation of entangled states [22–24], for dissipative quantum computation [25] and for the enhancement of quantum metrology efficiencies [26]. The enviro ...
... under active research. The possibility to engineer noise processes in open quantum systems is of major importance e.g. in recent proposals for the generation of entangled states [22–24], for dissipative quantum computation [25] and for the enhancement of quantum metrology efficiencies [26]. The enviro ...
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... energy of the system (n 1, n 2 ¼ 0, 1 is the number of excess Cooper pairs in the first and second boxes, and n g1,2 are the gate-induced charges on the corresponding qubit divided by 2e). Ec1ð2Þ ¼ 4e2 CS2ð1Þ =2ðCS1 C S2 2 C 2m Þ are the effective Cooper-pair charging energies (C S1(2) are the sum o ...
... energy of the system (n 1, n 2 ¼ 0, 1 is the number of excess Cooper pairs in the first and second boxes, and n g1,2 are the gate-induced charges on the corresponding qubit divided by 2e). Ec1ð2Þ ¼ 4e2 CS2ð1Þ =2ðCS1 C S2 2 C 2m Þ are the effective Cooper-pair charging energies (C S1(2) are the sum o ...
1996 Orchestrated Objective Reduction of Quantum Coherence in
... Penrose (1994), superpositioned states each have their own space-time geometries. When the degree of coherent mass-energy difference leads to sufficient separation of space-time geometry, the system must choose and decay (reduce, collapse) to a single universe state. In this way, a transient superpo ...
... Penrose (1994), superpositioned states each have their own space-time geometries. When the degree of coherent mass-energy difference leads to sufficient separation of space-time geometry, the system must choose and decay (reduce, collapse) to a single universe state. In this way, a transient superpo ...
Centre for Logic and Philosophy of Science
... Since all classical quantities can be represented by real numbers, which of course satisfy a commutative rule of multiplication, this property looks very strange. Paul Dirac introduced the felicitous names of c–numbers and q– numbers, the former standing for classical numbers, the latter for quantum ...
... Since all classical quantities can be represented by real numbers, which of course satisfy a commutative rule of multiplication, this property looks very strange. Paul Dirac introduced the felicitous names of c–numbers and q– numbers, the former standing for classical numbers, the latter for quantum ...
Quantum Computing - Department of Computing
... Quantum mechanics is a very accurate description of nature as it predicts quantum effects up to an astonishing precision of 14 decimal places. But we do not know why nature works like that and why quantum mechanics gives such a good description of nature. In other words, quantum mechanics tells us h ...
... Quantum mechanics is a very accurate description of nature as it predicts quantum effects up to an astonishing precision of 14 decimal places. But we do not know why nature works like that and why quantum mechanics gives such a good description of nature. In other words, quantum mechanics tells us h ...
Continuous Quantum Phase Transitions
... the exponents and scaling functions will be given without error. However, non-universal quantities such as the critical coupling will differ from an exact evaluation. Technically, the neglected terms are irrelevant at the fixed point underlying the transition. 11 Notice this crucial change in notati ...
... the exponents and scaling functions will be given without error. However, non-universal quantities such as the critical coupling will differ from an exact evaluation. Technically, the neglected terms are irrelevant at the fixed point underlying the transition. 11 Notice this crucial change in notati ...
Modern Factoring Algorithms
... is large, so with fairly high log y . Intuitively, if y is large, then u probability we find the smooth ri ’s. However, if y is large then it takes too much time to verify that ri is actually smooth and, in step 2, to find the subset U . On the other hand, if y is small these operations are not so c ...
... is large, so with fairly high log y . Intuitively, if y is large, then u probability we find the smooth ri ’s. However, if y is large then it takes too much time to verify that ri is actually smooth and, in step 2, to find the subset U . On the other hand, if y is small these operations are not so c ...
Nanoelectronics - the GMU ECE Department
... • When L is large, conductivity is derived assuming a large number of electrons and a large number of collision between electrons and phonons, impurities, imperfections. • As L becomes very small L << Lm , mean free path, will the classical model of resistance works? • When L << Lm , one would expec ...
... • When L is large, conductivity is derived assuming a large number of electrons and a large number of collision between electrons and phonons, impurities, imperfections. • As L becomes very small L << Lm , mean free path, will the classical model of resistance works? • When L << Lm , one would expec ...
Prime Factorization by Quantum Adiabatic Computation
... independently by L. D. Landau and C. Zener in 1932 [25, 44] and became known as the Landau-Zener formula (and Landau-Zener avoided level crossings). The results of L. D. Landau were found in the perturbative limit and had an error of 2π compared to the exact results of C. Zener. The proof given by C ...
... independently by L. D. Landau and C. Zener in 1932 [25, 44] and became known as the Landau-Zener formula (and Landau-Zener avoided level crossings). The results of L. D. Landau were found in the perturbative limit and had an error of 2π compared to the exact results of C. Zener. The proof given by C ...
Entanglement and its Role in Shor`s Algorithm
... inverse quantum Fourier transform uses controlled rotations (Rm) The last quantum step is the measurement (M), which is followed by classical post-processing to obtain a factor of N . ...
... inverse quantum Fourier transform uses controlled rotations (Rm) The last quantum step is the measurement (M), which is followed by classical post-processing to obtain a factor of N . ...
Quantum electrodynamics
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dirac_3.jpg?width=300)
In particle physics, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In essence, it describes how light and matter interact and is the first theory where full agreement between quantum mechanics and special relativity is achieved. QED mathematically describes all phenomena involving electrically charged particles interacting by means of exchange of photons and represents the quantum counterpart of classical electromagnetism giving a complete account of matter and light interaction.In technical terms, QED can be described as a perturbation theory of the electromagnetic quantum vacuum. Richard Feynman called it ""the jewel of physics"" for its extremely accurate predictions of quantities like the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and the Lamb shift of the energy levels of hydrogen.