The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders
... diagnostic guidelines, are the culmination of the efforts of numerous people who have contributed to it over many years. The work has gone through several major drafts, each prepared after extensive consultation with panels of experts, national and international psychiatric societies, and individual ...
... diagnostic guidelines, are the culmination of the efforts of numerous people who have contributed to it over many years. The work has gone through several major drafts, each prepared after extensive consultation with panels of experts, national and international psychiatric societies, and individual ...
(g) Adult Bipolar Disorder
... • Typical BPD patient averages 8-10 manic or depressive episodes over a lifetime, though some may have many more or fewer episodes • Even when optimally treated, the BPD symptoms may wax and wane significantly • BPD diagnoses can change (i.e. patients with one type of bipolar diagnosis and go on to ...
... • Typical BPD patient averages 8-10 manic or depressive episodes over a lifetime, though some may have many more or fewer episodes • Even when optimally treated, the BPD symptoms may wax and wane significantly • BPD diagnoses can change (i.e. patients with one type of bipolar diagnosis and go on to ...
Types of Insomnia
... ▫ Difficulty in breathing such as asthma and sleep apnea ▫ Psychiatric disorders ▫ Restless legs syndrome ▫ Dementia ...
... ▫ Difficulty in breathing such as asthma and sleep apnea ▫ Psychiatric disorders ▫ Restless legs syndrome ▫ Dementia ...
Eating Disorders in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
... Some activities related to eating disorders, for instance over-exercising, have been characterized as compulsive. However, patients with eating disorders usually obtain pleasure from such activities and, since their underlying goals are related to shape and weight, they often do not have a strong de ...
... Some activities related to eating disorders, for instance over-exercising, have been characterized as compulsive. However, patients with eating disorders usually obtain pleasure from such activities and, since their underlying goals are related to shape and weight, they often do not have a strong de ...
Chapter 014
... • Bipolar I disorder, manic: characterized by elation or irritability with excessive motor activity • Bipolar I disorder, mixed: characterized by mood swings ranging from depression to euphoria, with intervening periods of normal behavior • Bipolar II disorder: characterized by no manic or mixed epi ...
... • Bipolar I disorder, manic: characterized by elation or irritability with excessive motor activity • Bipolar I disorder, mixed: characterized by mood swings ranging from depression to euphoria, with intervening periods of normal behavior • Bipolar II disorder: characterized by no manic or mixed epi ...
UNDERSTANDING ABNORMALITY: DEFINITION
... the son or daughter developing schizophrenia are greater if either of their parents is suffering from it as compared to children of parents who do not have the disorder. Other factors such as medical conditions (thyroid), brain damage (head trauma), exposure to certain environmental stimuli (toxic s ...
... the son or daughter developing schizophrenia are greater if either of their parents is suffering from it as compared to children of parents who do not have the disorder. Other factors such as medical conditions (thyroid), brain damage (head trauma), exposure to certain environmental stimuli (toxic s ...
Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use: A brief guide for
... non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General’s Department, Robe ...
... non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General’s Department, Robe ...
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
... just as debilitating as positive symptoms. TABLE 16-4 ■ gives examples of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms include the “four As” of schizophrenia: ...
... just as debilitating as positive symptoms. TABLE 16-4 ■ gives examples of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms include the “four As” of schizophrenia: ...
Case Studies in Abnormal Psychology, 9th Edition
... Most textbooks on abnormal psychology include short descriptions of actual clinical cases. However, those presentations are necessarily brief and too fragmented for students to gain a clear understanding of the unique complexities of a person’s troubled life. They cannot describe the client’s develo ...
... Most textbooks on abnormal psychology include short descriptions of actual clinical cases. However, those presentations are necessarily brief and too fragmented for students to gain a clear understanding of the unique complexities of a person’s troubled life. They cannot describe the client’s develo ...
Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders
... Causes of PTSD and ASD (continued) • Other evidence finds that PTSD is associated with increased levels of circulating norepinephrine and general psychophysiological arousal, for example, an increased resting heart rate. • Together, the pattern of biological findings suggests that the sympathetic ne ...
... Causes of PTSD and ASD (continued) • Other evidence finds that PTSD is associated with increased levels of circulating norepinephrine and general psychophysiological arousal, for example, an increased resting heart rate. • Together, the pattern of biological findings suggests that the sympathetic ne ...
Prospective Follow-Up of Girls With Attention
... What would constitute outcomes of major importance? Beyond ADHD symptoms, externalizing behavior patterns, academic underachievement, and substance abuse, all of which have been elevated in follow-up studies of predominantly male samples (e.g., Barkley et al., 2008; Mannuzza & Klein, 2000), addition ...
... What would constitute outcomes of major importance? Beyond ADHD symptoms, externalizing behavior patterns, academic underachievement, and substance abuse, all of which have been elevated in follow-up studies of predominantly male samples (e.g., Barkley et al., 2008; Mannuzza & Klein, 2000), addition ...
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
... 1952: American Psychological Association agreed upon a standard system for classifying abnormal behavior It has been revised four times Most recent revision: 1994 ...
... 1952: American Psychological Association agreed upon a standard system for classifying abnormal behavior It has been revised four times Most recent revision: 1994 ...
Association of Psychiatric Disorders and Sleep Apnea in a Large
... We compared the prevalence of sleep-apnea diagnoses in subjects with and without specific psychiatric diagnoses. Sleep apnea diagnoses were significantly more common in subjects with depression compared with those without depression (3% vs 1%, with an odds ratio of 2.7 and 95% CI of 2.27 and 3.10 ), ...
... We compared the prevalence of sleep-apnea diagnoses in subjects with and without specific psychiatric diagnoses. Sleep apnea diagnoses were significantly more common in subjects with depression compared with those without depression (3% vs 1%, with an odds ratio of 2.7 and 95% CI of 2.27 and 3.10 ), ...
Psychological Disorders
... – Cognitive theorists: habitual style of explaining life events. • Attribution theory: people assign different types of explanations to events, which affect self-esteem and self-efficacy. • Beck suggests that people who are depressed have a negative view of themselves, their experiences, and their f ...
... – Cognitive theorists: habitual style of explaining life events. • Attribution theory: people assign different types of explanations to events, which affect self-esteem and self-efficacy. • Beck suggests that people who are depressed have a negative view of themselves, their experiences, and their f ...
Meditation and psychosis: trigger or cure?
... On the basis of these three factors, distinct therapy modalities were established and put under the caption “third wave of cognitive– behavioural therapy”.1 The most important of these are: mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) [7], acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) [8], compassion-focuse ...
... On the basis of these three factors, distinct therapy modalities were established and put under the caption “third wave of cognitive– behavioural therapy”.1 The most important of these are: mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) [7], acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) [8], compassion-focuse ...
Prolonged Grief Disorder - American Psychological Association
... pleasurable activities and reattaches to significant others. In a prospective study of individuals followed from before the death of a loved one to 18 months afterward, the most common trajectory, endorsed by 45% of the sample, was one in which depressive symptoms remained low and grief symptoms had ...
... pleasurable activities and reattaches to significant others. In a prospective study of individuals followed from before the death of a loved one to 18 months afterward, the most common trajectory, endorsed by 45% of the sample, was one in which depressive symptoms remained low and grief symptoms had ...
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: are we helping or
... The reported prevalence of ADHD is rising in several countries.21 In US population surveys the prevalence of parent reported diagnosis of ADHD rose from 6.9% in 1997 to 9.5% in 2007,3 and there is wide variation in point prevalence rates within22 and between countries,21 raising questions about diag ...
... The reported prevalence of ADHD is rising in several countries.21 In US population surveys the prevalence of parent reported diagnosis of ADHD rose from 6.9% in 1997 to 9.5% in 2007,3 and there is wide variation in point prevalence rates within22 and between countries,21 raising questions about diag ...
Abnormal Behavior: Myths and Realities Anxiety Disorders
... Prevalence and Course of Major Depression • Most common of psychological disorders • Women are twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with major depression • Untreated episodes can become recurring and more serious • Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)—onset with changing seasons – not common here ...
... Prevalence and Course of Major Depression • Most common of psychological disorders • Women are twice as likely as men to be diagnosed with major depression • Untreated episodes can become recurring and more serious • Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)—onset with changing seasons – not common here ...
Longitudinal Predictors of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders: A Behavioral
... bipolar disorder by definition, most studies of bipolar disorder prodromes involve retrospective reporting of prodromes, increasing the possibility of questionable accuracy of the reports. Finally, a balance is needed between sensitivity and specificity in assessing prodromes. The assessment instru ...
... bipolar disorder by definition, most studies of bipolar disorder prodromes involve retrospective reporting of prodromes, increasing the possibility of questionable accuracy of the reports. Finally, a balance is needed between sensitivity and specificity in assessing prodromes. The assessment instru ...
In The Elderly Anxiety Disorders In The Elderly
... Among older people (65 years of age and older), many worry about their health, family, financial situation and mortality. These worries are even more likely to arise when they feel that their physical and mental capacities are diminishing and that they are loosing their autonomy. This is considered ...
... Among older people (65 years of age and older), many worry about their health, family, financial situation and mortality. These worries are even more likely to arise when they feel that their physical and mental capacities are diminishing and that they are loosing their autonomy. This is considered ...
Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use
... non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General’s Department, Robe ...
... non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General’s Department, Robe ...
Evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder:
... mild, transient and without associated impairment in social and occupational function, but many patients are troubled by severe and persistent symptoms that cause significant personal distress, impair function and reduce quality of life. To meet the diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, patients have to ...
... mild, transient and without associated impairment in social and occupational function, but many patients are troubled by severe and persistent symptoms that cause significant personal distress, impair function and reduce quality of life. To meet the diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, patients have to ...
Preview the material
... Manual of Mental Disorders, has been the industry standard for clinicians, researchers, pharmaceutical companies, insurance companies, and policymakers since the original draft was published in 1952 (1). The fifth revision of the Manual, known as DSM-5, was published on May 22, 2013, after receiving ...
... Manual of Mental Disorders, has been the industry standard for clinicians, researchers, pharmaceutical companies, insurance companies, and policymakers since the original draft was published in 1952 (1). The fifth revision of the Manual, known as DSM-5, was published on May 22, 2013, after receiving ...
Gifted Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
... the disorder, ADHD children may find the advanced maturity of their classmates a challenge they are ill prepared for. Also, gifted children without the disorder may have little patience for the social and emotional immaturity of the gifted ADHD student in their midst. This is not to say that gifted ...
... the disorder, ADHD children may find the advanced maturity of their classmates a challenge they are ill prepared for. Also, gifted children without the disorder may have little patience for the social and emotional immaturity of the gifted ADHD student in their midst. This is not to say that gifted ...
Schizoaffective disorder
Schizoaffective disorder (abbreviated as SZA or SAD) is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and deregulated emotions. The diagnosis is made when the patient has features of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder—either bipolar disorder or depression—but does not strictly meet diagnostic criteria for either alone. The bipolar type is distinguished by symptoms of mania, hypomania, or mixed episode; the depressive type by symptoms of depression only. Common symptoms of the disorder include hallucinations, paranoid delusions, and disorganized speech and thinking. The onset of symptoms usually begins in young adulthood, currently with an uncertain lifetime prevalence because the disorder was redefined, but DSM-IV prevalence estimates were less than 1 percent of the population, in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 percent. Diagnosis is based on observed behavior and the patient's reported experiences.Genetics, neurobiology, early and current environment, behavioral, social, and experiential components appear to be important contributory factors; some recreational and prescription drugs may cause or worsen symptoms. No single isolated organic cause has been found, but extensive evidence exists for abnormalities in the metabolism of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), dopamine, and glutamic acid in people with schizophrenia, psychotic mood disorders, and schizoaffective disorder. People with schizoaffective disorder are likely to have co-occurring conditions, including anxiety disorders and substance use disorder. Social problems such as long-term unemployment, poverty and homelessness are common. The average life expectancy of people with the disorder is shorter than those without it, due to increased physical health problems from an absence of health promoting behaviors including a sedentary lifestyle, and a higher suicide rate.The mainstay of current treatment is antipsychotic medication combined with mood stabilizer medication or antidepressant medication, or both. There is growing concern by some researchers that antidepressants may increase psychosis, mania, and long-term mood episode cycling in the disorder. When there is risk to self or others, usually early in treatment, brief hospitalization may be necessary. Psychiatric rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and vocational rehabilitation are very important for recovery of higher psychosocial function. As a group, people with schizoaffective disorder diagnosed using DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria have a better outcome than people with schizophrenia, but have variable individual psychosocial functional outcomes compared to people with mood disorders, from worse to the same. Outcomes for people with DSM-5 diagnosed schizoaffective disorder depend on data from prospective cohort studies, which haven't been completed yet.In DSM-5 and ICD-9 (which is being revised to ICD-10, to be published in 2015), schizoaffective disorder is in the same diagnostic class as schizophrenia, but not in the same class as mood disorders. The diagnosis was introduced in 1933, and its definition was slightly changed in the DSM-5, published in May 2013, because the DSM-IV schizoaffective disorder definition leads to excessive misdiagnosis. The changes made to the schizoaffective disorder definition were intended to make the DSM-5 diagnosis more consistent (or reliable), and to substantially reduce the use of the diagnosis. Additionally, the DSM-5 schizoaffective disorder diagnosis can no longer be used for first episode psychosis.