Psychological Disorders
... persecution, and reference. Will form elaborate network from miss interpretation of reality. disordered movement patterns, Catatonic Schizophrenia: immobile stupor or frenzied behavior. They might remain in one position. Undifferentiated or Simple Schizophrenia: disturbances of thought or beha ...
... persecution, and reference. Will form elaborate network from miss interpretation of reality. disordered movement patterns, Catatonic Schizophrenia: immobile stupor or frenzied behavior. They might remain in one position. Undifferentiated or Simple Schizophrenia: disturbances of thought or beha ...
Substance Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents
... 3.2.3 Substance/Medication-Induced Mental Disorders A. The disorder represents a clinically significant symptomatic presentation of a relevant mental disorder. B. There is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings of both of the following: 1. The disorder developed duri ...
... 3.2.3 Substance/Medication-Induced Mental Disorders A. The disorder represents a clinically significant symptomatic presentation of a relevant mental disorder. B. There is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings of both of the following: 1. The disorder developed duri ...
Copyright by Tonya Lynn Kellerman 2005
... A decade ago, bipolar disorder was thought not to occur in children and adolescents. Currently, the diagnosis of juvenile bipolar disorder is becoming more common in clinical settings, but the diagnosis is a source of controversy in the field (Costello et al., 2002) and has been called “one of the m ...
... A decade ago, bipolar disorder was thought not to occur in children and adolescents. Currently, the diagnosis of juvenile bipolar disorder is becoming more common in clinical settings, but the diagnosis is a source of controversy in the field (Costello et al., 2002) and has been called “one of the m ...
Psychopathology and Creativity Among Creative and Non
... extreme suffering (Silvia & Kaufman, 2010). Some evidence came to light to support this finding, such as Cox and Leon’s (1999) finding of unsociable traits, which were measured through scales of psychoticism, being associated with the onset of fully diagnosable psychopathology in creative people. Ho ...
... extreme suffering (Silvia & Kaufman, 2010). Some evidence came to light to support this finding, such as Cox and Leon’s (1999) finding of unsociable traits, which were measured through scales of psychoticism, being associated with the onset of fully diagnosable psychopathology in creative people. Ho ...
Its Not You, Its Me: An Examination of Clinician and ClientLevel
... Women represent as many as 75% of the individuals diagnosed with BPD (Widiger & Weissman, 1991). Controversy exists regarding whether true gender differences exist for BPD, or whether there is a bias in the DSM criteria or their application. A recent study (Wirth & Bodenhausen, 2009) suggests that ...
... Women represent as many as 75% of the individuals diagnosed with BPD (Widiger & Weissman, 1991). Controversy exists regarding whether true gender differences exist for BPD, or whether there is a bias in the DSM criteria or their application. A recent study (Wirth & Bodenhausen, 2009) suggests that ...
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in DSM-5
... by Spitzer et al. (2007), was to eliminate indirect exposure altogether and allow only direct experience of the event or witnessing it in person. Clearly, by excluding one of three modes of exposure, this would result in a more restrictive definition of trauma. The second recommendation was to elimi ...
... by Spitzer et al. (2007), was to eliminate indirect exposure altogether and allow only direct experience of the event or witnessing it in person. Clearly, by excluding one of three modes of exposure, this would result in a more restrictive definition of trauma. The second recommendation was to elimi ...
Broadening the definition of generalized anxiety disorder: Effects on
... The diagnostic definition of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has been a source of debate since the disorder was first introduced in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM-III) (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). Given the challenges of distinguis ...
... The diagnostic definition of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has been a source of debate since the disorder was first introduced in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM-III) (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). Given the challenges of distinguis ...
’t add up: why Depression sum-scores don analyzing specific depression symptoms is essential
... Measuring depression severity by sum-scores of symptoms ignores a plethora of information pertaining to the intraindividual development of depression, including the power of individual symptoms to cause other symptoms. Insomnia, for example, leads to psychomotor impairment [67], cognitive impairment ...
... Measuring depression severity by sum-scores of symptoms ignores a plethora of information pertaining to the intraindividual development of depression, including the power of individual symptoms to cause other symptoms. Insomnia, for example, leads to psychomotor impairment [67], cognitive impairment ...
Vulnerability, an.d the Course of posttrautnatic Reactions
... This research also provided valuable insights into the pattern oj P symptom emergence. This pattern was similar in soldiers who did an( not have a combat stress reaction, suggesting that it is relatively indepen of the acute pattern of response. Intrusive symptoms were also found to low diagnostic s ...
... This research also provided valuable insights into the pattern oj P symptom emergence. This pattern was similar in soldiers who did an( not have a combat stress reaction, suggesting that it is relatively indepen of the acute pattern of response. Intrusive symptoms were also found to low diagnostic s ...
Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children With
... CARS (15) includes 15 symptoms of behavioral and communication abnormalities that are typically seen in children with ASD. First 14 symptoms are rated based on symptom severity over last six months as noticed by the parents and on the observation of the child’s behavior during the interview. The 15t ...
... CARS (15) includes 15 symptoms of behavioral and communication abnormalities that are typically seen in children with ASD. First 14 symptoms are rated based on symptom severity over last six months as noticed by the parents and on the observation of the child’s behavior during the interview. The 15t ...
A Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: How to alleviate her suffering Accurate diagnosis, tailored
... Mood charting aids diagnosis A PMDD diagnosis requires prospective daily monitoring of symptoms for ≥2 consecutive months. Because only 25% to 35% of women who present with PMDD meet diagnostic criteria when prospective daily monitoring is used,20 it is important for patients to keep a daily diary o ...
... Mood charting aids diagnosis A PMDD diagnosis requires prospective daily monitoring of symptoms for ≥2 consecutive months. Because only 25% to 35% of women who present with PMDD meet diagnostic criteria when prospective daily monitoring is used,20 it is important for patients to keep a daily diary o ...
DSM-5 and Malingering: a Modest Proposal
... Dictionary 2010). Modern connotations typically reflect only the latter, more incriminating, and pejorative nuance. In the current DSM text on malingering, it is defined as “…the intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms, motivated by external incentiv ...
... Dictionary 2010). Modern connotations typically reflect only the latter, more incriminating, and pejorative nuance. In the current DSM text on malingering, it is defined as “…the intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms, motivated by external incentiv ...
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Migraine With Medication
... medication overuse, and either major depression or various anxiety disorders. However, there has been less systematic research on the links between migraine with medication-overuse headache (MOH) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A drug-seeking behavior shares with OCD the compulsive quality ...
... medication overuse, and either major depression or various anxiety disorders. However, there has been less systematic research on the links between migraine with medication-overuse headache (MOH) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A drug-seeking behavior shares with OCD the compulsive quality ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... Eating disorders like anorexia, bulimia, obesity and hedonic food perception are the most common eating disorders. The brain-gut axis is an important regulator of eating behavior, with specific biochemical signals involved in hunger, satiety food reward and metabolism. Norepinephrine and neuropeptid ...
... Eating disorders like anorexia, bulimia, obesity and hedonic food perception are the most common eating disorders. The brain-gut axis is an important regulator of eating behavior, with specific biochemical signals involved in hunger, satiety food reward and metabolism. Norepinephrine and neuropeptid ...
Toward a Jurisprudence of Psychiatric Evidence
... intervention. In fact, this basic structure of scientific inquiry is consistent across the many disciplines interested in applying their data to realworld events, including engineering, medicine, economics-and, of course, the subject of this Article, psychiatry.' Despite the pervasiveness of the vie ...
... intervention. In fact, this basic structure of scientific inquiry is consistent across the many disciplines interested in applying their data to realworld events, including engineering, medicine, economics-and, of course, the subject of this Article, psychiatry.' Despite the pervasiveness of the vie ...
Borderline personality disorder
... borderline personality disorder 1 in adults and young people (under the age of 18) who meet criteria for the diagnosis in primary, secondary and tertiary care. Borderline personality disorder is characterised by significant instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image and mood, and impulsi ...
... borderline personality disorder 1 in adults and young people (under the age of 18) who meet criteria for the diagnosis in primary, secondary and tertiary care. Borderline personality disorder is characterised by significant instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image and mood, and impulsi ...
Factitious disorders refer to those conditions that
... have a history of multiple childhood illnesses and operations. Similarly, these patients' histories reveal that they had a tendency to create factitious illnesses when faced with life stressors (e.g., loss, financial or social prob lems), Borderline personality disorder and major depression are amo ...
... have a history of multiple childhood illnesses and operations. Similarly, these patients' histories reveal that they had a tendency to create factitious illnesses when faced with life stressors (e.g., loss, financial or social prob lems), Borderline personality disorder and major depression are amo ...
All in Your Head: A Comprehensive Approach to Somatoform
... physiological cause,36 and ―[l]aboratory test results are remarkable for the absence of findings to support the subjective complaints.‖37 Neither medication nor therapy options are generally effective in treating symptoms.38 It is important to note that despite this lack of physical evidence, ―there ...
... physiological cause,36 and ―[l]aboratory test results are remarkable for the absence of findings to support the subjective complaints.‖37 Neither medication nor therapy options are generally effective in treating symptoms.38 It is important to note that despite this lack of physical evidence, ―there ...
Network Analysis: An Integrative Approach to the Structure of
... According to this model, MD (the oval at the top of the figure) is the root cause of its observable symptoms (the boxes at the bottom of the figure). Arrows point from the root cause (MD) to its observable symptoms, but not the other way around. See Table 1 for definitions of abbreviated terms. ...
... According to this model, MD (the oval at the top of the figure) is the root cause of its observable symptoms (the boxes at the bottom of the figure). Arrows point from the root cause (MD) to its observable symptoms, but not the other way around. See Table 1 for definitions of abbreviated terms. ...
Comorbidity Between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and
... administering clomipramine,119 an effective SRI medication for OCD.120 Along the same lines, while stimulant medications alleviate symptoms in ADHD, they are thought to exacerbate OCD symptoms and may even induce obsessivecompulsive symptoms.121–124 Finally, whereas dopamine agonists have proven eff ...
... administering clomipramine,119 an effective SRI medication for OCD.120 Along the same lines, while stimulant medications alleviate symptoms in ADHD, they are thought to exacerbate OCD symptoms and may even induce obsessivecompulsive symptoms.121–124 Finally, whereas dopamine agonists have proven eff ...
Science Current Directions in Psychological
... have questioned the oft-cited link between child abuse/ maltreatment and dissociation for several reasons. First, in most studies (e.g., Ross & Ness, 2010), objective corroboration of abuse is lacking. Second, the overwhelming majority of studies of self-reported trauma and dissociation are based on ...
... have questioned the oft-cited link between child abuse/ maltreatment and dissociation for several reasons. First, in most studies (e.g., Ross & Ness, 2010), objective corroboration of abuse is lacking. Second, the overwhelming majority of studies of self-reported trauma and dissociation are based on ...
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
... How is the diagnosis for PTSD made? Sometimes people who seek medical assistance have obvious bruising or evidence of healed fractures that might suggest a history of abuse, arousing suspicion of PTSD, but often people have vague somatic complaints, psychiatric or psychological problems, or fail to ...
... How is the diagnosis for PTSD made? Sometimes people who seek medical assistance have obvious bruising or evidence of healed fractures that might suggest a history of abuse, arousing suspicion of PTSD, but often people have vague somatic complaints, psychiatric or psychological problems, or fail to ...
Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: revised second —recommendations edition
... Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association, DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)) provides the key guidance. Consider the identification of the core symptoms of mania or depression against a check list as in DSM-IV to improve confidence in, and th ...
... Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association, DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)) provides the key guidance. Consider the identification of the core symptoms of mania or depression against a check list as in DSM-IV to improve confidence in, and th ...
the course and clinical features of obsessive compulsive
... design, standardized criteria to assess diagnosis, and structured interviews with direct patient contact were used, have also shown that most patients continue to meet either all or some of the criteria for the disorder at follow-up. Relatively few patients experience complete remission. Retrospecti ...
... design, standardized criteria to assess diagnosis, and structured interviews with direct patient contact were used, have also shown that most patients continue to meet either all or some of the criteria for the disorder at follow-up. Relatively few patients experience complete remission. Retrospecti ...
the course and clinical features of obsessive compulsive disorder
... design, standardized criteria to assess diagnosis, and structured interviews with direct patient contact were used, have also shown that most patients continue to meet either all or some of the criteria for the disorder at follow-up. Relatively few patients experience complete remission. Retrospecti ...
... design, standardized criteria to assess diagnosis, and structured interviews with direct patient contact were used, have also shown that most patients continue to meet either all or some of the criteria for the disorder at follow-up. Relatively few patients experience complete remission. Retrospecti ...
Schizoaffective disorder
Schizoaffective disorder (abbreviated as SZA or SAD) is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and deregulated emotions. The diagnosis is made when the patient has features of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder—either bipolar disorder or depression—but does not strictly meet diagnostic criteria for either alone. The bipolar type is distinguished by symptoms of mania, hypomania, or mixed episode; the depressive type by symptoms of depression only. Common symptoms of the disorder include hallucinations, paranoid delusions, and disorganized speech and thinking. The onset of symptoms usually begins in young adulthood, currently with an uncertain lifetime prevalence because the disorder was redefined, but DSM-IV prevalence estimates were less than 1 percent of the population, in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 percent. Diagnosis is based on observed behavior and the patient's reported experiences.Genetics, neurobiology, early and current environment, behavioral, social, and experiential components appear to be important contributory factors; some recreational and prescription drugs may cause or worsen symptoms. No single isolated organic cause has been found, but extensive evidence exists for abnormalities in the metabolism of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), dopamine, and glutamic acid in people with schizophrenia, psychotic mood disorders, and schizoaffective disorder. People with schizoaffective disorder are likely to have co-occurring conditions, including anxiety disorders and substance use disorder. Social problems such as long-term unemployment, poverty and homelessness are common. The average life expectancy of people with the disorder is shorter than those without it, due to increased physical health problems from an absence of health promoting behaviors including a sedentary lifestyle, and a higher suicide rate.The mainstay of current treatment is antipsychotic medication combined with mood stabilizer medication or antidepressant medication, or both. There is growing concern by some researchers that antidepressants may increase psychosis, mania, and long-term mood episode cycling in the disorder. When there is risk to self or others, usually early in treatment, brief hospitalization may be necessary. Psychiatric rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and vocational rehabilitation are very important for recovery of higher psychosocial function. As a group, people with schizoaffective disorder diagnosed using DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria have a better outcome than people with schizophrenia, but have variable individual psychosocial functional outcomes compared to people with mood disorders, from worse to the same. Outcomes for people with DSM-5 diagnosed schizoaffective disorder depend on data from prospective cohort studies, which haven't been completed yet.In DSM-5 and ICD-9 (which is being revised to ICD-10, to be published in 2015), schizoaffective disorder is in the same diagnostic class as schizophrenia, but not in the same class as mood disorders. The diagnosis was introduced in 1933, and its definition was slightly changed in the DSM-5, published in May 2013, because the DSM-IV schizoaffective disorder definition leads to excessive misdiagnosis. The changes made to the schizoaffective disorder definition were intended to make the DSM-5 diagnosis more consistent (or reliable), and to substantially reduce the use of the diagnosis. Additionally, the DSM-5 schizoaffective disorder diagnosis can no longer be used for first episode psychosis.