a relictual rain forest family - Oxford Academic
... of the Australian vegetation (Kershaw, 1994). With the drying and increased variability of the climate of the Australian continent, ranges contracted significantly so that by the late Pliocene, the Araucarian forests in south-eastern Australia were replaced by a mosaic of sclerophyllous forests and ...
... of the Australian vegetation (Kershaw, 1994). With the drying and increased variability of the climate of the Australian continent, ranges contracted significantly so that by the late Pliocene, the Araucarian forests in south-eastern Australia were replaced by a mosaic of sclerophyllous forests and ...
Annex C: Simulated Changes in Vegetation Distribution under
... coexist at a site while in competition with each other for light and water. A set of physiologicallygrounded ‘rules’ determines whether the woody vegetation will be broadleaved or needleleaved, or evergreen or deciduous, as well as other properties. The models also simulate the maximum carrying capa ...
... coexist at a site while in competition with each other for light and water. A set of physiologicallygrounded ‘rules’ determines whether the woody vegetation will be broadleaved or needleleaved, or evergreen or deciduous, as well as other properties. The models also simulate the maximum carrying capa ...
Use of spatial analogy in analysis and valuation of climate scenarios
... With the Climex method we can only use the temperature and the precipitation in same weight. To calculate the similarity for only for the temperature or for the precipitation we should have alter the calculation of CMI. We started to use a new λ parameter tp weightening the temperature and the preci ...
... With the Climex method we can only use the temperature and the precipitation in same weight. To calculate the similarity for only for the temperature or for the precipitation we should have alter the calculation of CMI. We started to use a new λ parameter tp weightening the temperature and the preci ...
Climate Change in - Pakistan Meteorological Department
... Through the analyses of climatic data and model simulations, following targets have been set; Temperature variations on annual and seasonal scales in Pakistan and the Indus Delta. Precipitation trends, monsoon pattern, winter and annual Sea surface temperature variations over a long period (from 198 ...
... Through the analyses of climatic data and model simulations, following targets have been set; Temperature variations on annual and seasonal scales in Pakistan and the Indus Delta. Precipitation trends, monsoon pattern, winter and annual Sea surface temperature variations over a long period (from 198 ...
A Conceptual Tool for Climate Change Risk Assessment
... climate damage functions—usually a linear or quadratic mathematical function that relates changes in temperature with economic impacts (Hope 2006; Nordhaus 2008). The approach is powerful because it provides an analytical framework to explore the aggregated consequences of climate change to society ...
... climate damage functions—usually a linear or quadratic mathematical function that relates changes in temperature with economic impacts (Hope 2006; Nordhaus 2008). The approach is powerful because it provides an analytical framework to explore the aggregated consequences of climate change to society ...
Assessing species vulnerability to climate and land use change: the
... assessment of vulnerability of single species which make up an ecosystem and its services to humans (Midgley et al., 2002; Sekercioglu et al., 2004), and to identify regions where species might specifically become at risk (Beaumont et al., 2011). A significant step forward in species vulnerability a ...
... assessment of vulnerability of single species which make up an ecosystem and its services to humans (Midgley et al., 2002; Sekercioglu et al., 2004), and to identify regions where species might specifically become at risk (Beaumont et al., 2011). A significant step forward in species vulnerability a ...
Workshop report, 22-23 April 2010
... of forests, the indigenous, woodlands and plantations. Hence different approaches are used to manage these different types of forests. The issue of how to minimize GHGs both in the long term and short term was addressed though looking at two possible options for mitigation – where it was highlighted ...
... of forests, the indigenous, woodlands and plantations. Hence different approaches are used to manage these different types of forests. The issue of how to minimize GHGs both in the long term and short term was addressed though looking at two possible options for mitigation – where it was highlighted ...
p130-155 chp5eng - Arab Forum for Environment and
... regions and crops, negative impacts of climate change on crop yields have been more common than positive impacts. 2. Climate change has negatively affected wheat and maize yields both regionally and globally. 3. Since the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, several periods of rapid food and cereal pric ...
... regions and crops, negative impacts of climate change on crop yields have been more common than positive impacts. 2. Climate change has negatively affected wheat and maize yields both regionally and globally. 3. Since the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, several periods of rapid food and cereal pric ...
magnitude and frequency
... This Report Card provides an appraisal of the evidence for potential changes in flood magnitude and frequency based on climate model results. The majority of climate model experiments point to increased flood hazard for the UK linked to more extreme precipitation events and greater winter rainfall t ...
... This Report Card provides an appraisal of the evidence for potential changes in flood magnitude and frequency based on climate model results. The majority of climate model experiments point to increased flood hazard for the UK linked to more extreme precipitation events and greater winter rainfall t ...
Diapositiva 1
... of the population, such as its demographic structure. The exposure the climate-related hazard, including the character, magnitude, and rate of climate variation. The adaptation measures and actions in place to reduce the burden of a specific adverse health outcome (the adaptation baseline), the effe ...
... of the population, such as its demographic structure. The exposure the climate-related hazard, including the character, magnitude, and rate of climate variation. The adaptation measures and actions in place to reduce the burden of a specific adverse health outcome (the adaptation baseline), the effe ...
climate change adaptation in nigeria
... Today, climate change is one of the most serious threats to sustainable development. This is due to its anticipated adverse impacts on the environment, human health, food security, economic activity, natural resources and physical infrastructure. Although, the global climate varies naturally, it has ...
... Today, climate change is one of the most serious threats to sustainable development. This is due to its anticipated adverse impacts on the environment, human health, food security, economic activity, natural resources and physical infrastructure. Although, the global climate varies naturally, it has ...
Indigenous knowledge about climate change
... precipitation and flash floods, sea level rise, etc. It is very likely that such extreme events will continue to become more frequent, posing potential threat to ecosystems especially agricultural production and productivity throughout the world. Adding to the misery, non-climatic stresses such as p ...
... precipitation and flash floods, sea level rise, etc. It is very likely that such extreme events will continue to become more frequent, posing potential threat to ecosystems especially agricultural production and productivity throughout the world. Adding to the misery, non-climatic stresses such as p ...
Expansion of the Tropics – Evidence and implications
... highlights that the resources required to sustain larger populations and economic growth are putting significant pressures on the natural environment in tropical regions. An expansion of tropical regions will only increase these demands further, and may also cause a shift in ecosystems as some regio ...
... highlights that the resources required to sustain larger populations and economic growth are putting significant pressures on the natural environment in tropical regions. An expansion of tropical regions will only increase these demands further, and may also cause a shift in ecosystems as some regio ...
PDF
... Contemporary, state-of-the art general circulation models (GCM) including the Australian CSIRO 3.5, Canadian CGCM 3.1 and Japanese MIROC 3.2 models all predict that average temperature will keep rising and precipitation will have a mild change for most states in the continental United States for the ...
... Contemporary, state-of-the art general circulation models (GCM) including the Australian CSIRO 3.5, Canadian CGCM 3.1 and Japanese MIROC 3.2 models all predict that average temperature will keep rising and precipitation will have a mild change for most states in the continental United States for the ...
- Wiley Online Library
... induced by various climates. The analysis was based on a set of 10,000 Monte Carlo ensemble Lund-Potsdam-Jena (LPJ) simulations for the northern high latitudes (45o N and polewards) for the period 1900–2100. The LPJ Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ-DGVM) was run under contemporary and future cli ...
... induced by various climates. The analysis was based on a set of 10,000 Monte Carlo ensemble Lund-Potsdam-Jena (LPJ) simulations for the northern high latitudes (45o N and polewards) for the period 1900–2100. The LPJ Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ-DGVM) was run under contemporary and future cli ...
Hurteau et al. 2014 - Earth Systems Ecology Lab
... However, warming temperatures are increasing the frequency of large wildfires (Westerling and Bryant, 2008; Pechony and Shindell, 2010; Westerling et al., 2011) and may also increase fire severity. Based on two general circulation model projections under a doubling of atmospheric CO2, Flannigan et al. ...
... However, warming temperatures are increasing the frequency of large wildfires (Westerling and Bryant, 2008; Pechony and Shindell, 2010; Westerling et al., 2011) and may also increase fire severity. Based on two general circulation model projections under a doubling of atmospheric CO2, Flannigan et al. ...
Inaugural Lecture
... • Using models and observations to establish that: – 20th century climate change is likely to be human driven with greenhouse gas warming being offset by natural and other human drivers – That external drivers are an important driver of natural climate variability – That humans might have affected 1 ...
... • Using models and observations to establish that: – 20th century climate change is likely to be human driven with greenhouse gas warming being offset by natural and other human drivers – That external drivers are an important driver of natural climate variability – That humans might have affected 1 ...
Combined biogeophysical and biogeochemical
... biogeochemical mechanisms are of the same order of magnitude (Matthews et al., 2004; Brovkin et al., 2006). Therefore, in order to quantifiy the impacts of large scale land cover changes appropriately, both effects should also be included. Claussen et al. (2001) used the intermediate complexity mode ...
... biogeochemical mechanisms are of the same order of magnitude (Matthews et al., 2004; Brovkin et al., 2006). Therefore, in order to quantifiy the impacts of large scale land cover changes appropriately, both effects should also be included. Claussen et al. (2001) used the intermediate complexity mode ...
Provincial government of Albay, Philippines
... Adaptation. Ms. Nileema Noble of the UNDP Millenium Development Goal Fund also stated that "Albay is a model province for climate change adaptation." The Albay Agenda set aims to improve on the environment, education and economy, and is a framework for other national climate change initiatives. The ...
... Adaptation. Ms. Nileema Noble of the UNDP Millenium Development Goal Fund also stated that "Albay is a model province for climate change adaptation." The Albay Agenda set aims to improve on the environment, education and economy, and is a framework for other national climate change initiatives. The ...
the greater mekong and climate change
... 1.8 mm per year over the last century, with an increased rate of about 3 mm per year during the last decade (ADB 2008). Many coastal regions are already experiencing the impacts. The Greater Mekong region is especially at risk because of its extensive coastlines and major deltas that are barely abov ...
... 1.8 mm per year over the last century, with an increased rate of about 3 mm per year during the last decade (ADB 2008). Many coastal regions are already experiencing the impacts. The Greater Mekong region is especially at risk because of its extensive coastlines and major deltas that are barely abov ...
Assessing Effects of Variation in Global Climate Data Sets on Spatial
... Climate change poses new challenges for natural resource managers. Predictive modeling of species–environment relationships using climate envelope models can enhance our understanding of climate change effects on biodiversity, assist in assessment of invasion risk by exotic organisms, and inform lif ...
... Climate change poses new challenges for natural resource managers. Predictive modeling of species–environment relationships using climate envelope models can enhance our understanding of climate change effects on biodiversity, assist in assessment of invasion risk by exotic organisms, and inform lif ...
Evidence of a shift in the cyclicity of Antarctic seabird dynamics
... 2002), and even amplify the effects of climatic forcing on lower marine trophic levels. Population size or demographic parameter changes of several seabird species have already been related to environmental fluctuations occurring worldwide in marine ecosystems (Croxall 1992), and more specifically t ...
... 2002), and even amplify the effects of climatic forcing on lower marine trophic levels. Population size or demographic parameter changes of several seabird species have already been related to environmental fluctuations occurring worldwide in marine ecosystems (Croxall 1992), and more specifically t ...
Effects of Climate Warming, North Atlantic Oscillation, and
... COMMUNITIES Climatic conditions cause interannual and interdecadal variability in freshwater plankton communities[7]. Although physical features, anthropogenic impacts, and nutrient availability may be more important drivers for phytoplankton growth and abundance than direct climatic influences[60,6 ...
... COMMUNITIES Climatic conditions cause interannual and interdecadal variability in freshwater plankton communities[7]. Although physical features, anthropogenic impacts, and nutrient availability may be more important drivers for phytoplankton growth and abundance than direct climatic influences[60,6 ...
Projected changes in mean and extreme precipitation in Africa
... In addition to monthly CMIP3 precipitation, the horizontal wind vector and pressure vertical velocity (ω) fields are used. These variables are used to estimate the strength and structure of the Eastern Hemisphere zonal (Walker) circulation and their projected changes. Three of the models∗ used in t ...
... In addition to monthly CMIP3 precipitation, the horizontal wind vector and pressure vertical velocity (ω) fields are used. These variables are used to estimate the strength and structure of the Eastern Hemisphere zonal (Walker) circulation and their projected changes. Three of the models∗ used in t ...
Cultural dimensions of climate change impacts and adaptation
... places as a result of coastal inundation, for example, or even as a consequence of climate change adaptation or mitigation policies, will have clear impacts on culture. When people are displaced from places that they value, there is strong evidence that their cultures are diminished, and in many cas ...
... places as a result of coastal inundation, for example, or even as a consequence of climate change adaptation or mitigation policies, will have clear impacts on culture. When people are displaced from places that they value, there is strong evidence that their cultures are diminished, and in many cas ...