![Word version of Episode 704](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/010554208_1-cde050c7a9afb032defb5e3148d6cfac-300x300.png)
Cepheid Calibration
... One of the sterling accomplishments of the Hubble Space Telescope has been its measurement of the “Hubble constant.” Named after Edwin Hubble, who in 1929 discovered that the universe is expanding, the Hubble constant characterizes the present-day expansion rate of the universe and is required to de ...
... One of the sterling accomplishments of the Hubble Space Telescope has been its measurement of the “Hubble constant.” Named after Edwin Hubble, who in 1929 discovered that the universe is expanding, the Hubble constant characterizes the present-day expansion rate of the universe and is required to de ...
CENTRAL TEXAS COLLEGE
... Stars and Galaxies is one of the two introductory Astronomy classes we teach here at Central Texas College. The other class is what we call Solar System. Astronomy was the first of the sciences, and when colleges and universities were established in the middle Ages, it was one of the seven subjects ...
... Stars and Galaxies is one of the two introductory Astronomy classes we teach here at Central Texas College. The other class is what we call Solar System. Astronomy was the first of the sciences, and when colleges and universities were established in the middle Ages, it was one of the seven subjects ...
power phenomenon of vacuum
... In 1959 in Metallurgy institute of the Аcademy of Sciences of USSR the series of experiments with use semi-conducting thermoelements were made. The occurrence of excess energy was observed in these experiments. The phenomenon of excess energy was steadily shown as in a mode of the heat pump as and ...
... In 1959 in Metallurgy institute of the Аcademy of Sciences of USSR the series of experiments with use semi-conducting thermoelements were made. The occurrence of excess energy was observed in these experiments. The phenomenon of excess energy was steadily shown as in a mode of the heat pump as and ...
Spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy at redshift z=8.6
... that are smaller than the resolution of the spectrograph and the smearing due to atmospheric turbulence (Supplementary Information). The photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope allows for an alternative (but unlikely) redshift of z 5 2.12, so we also investigate whether the emission line could be ...
... that are smaller than the resolution of the spectrograph and the smearing due to atmospheric turbulence (Supplementary Information). The photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope allows for an alternative (but unlikely) redshift of z 5 2.12, so we also investigate whether the emission line could be ...
Energy can change forms but is never lost.
... STANDARDS SC.B.1.3.1: The student identifies forms of energy and explains that they can be measured and compared. SC.B.1.3.2: The student knows that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form to another. SC.B.2.3.1: The student knows that most events in the universe involv ...
... STANDARDS SC.B.1.3.1: The student identifies forms of energy and explains that they can be measured and compared. SC.B.1.3.2: The student knows that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form to another. SC.B.2.3.1: The student knows that most events in the universe involv ...
Chapter 20. Galaxies
... of some AGNS is no more than, say, 1 AU, but was as powerful as an entire galaxy! Today, we understand that only a black hole, which can convert gravitational potential energy of infalling gas to radiation, is capable of such efficient energy generation on such a small scale! An extreme example of t ...
... of some AGNS is no more than, say, 1 AU, but was as powerful as an entire galaxy! Today, we understand that only a black hole, which can convert gravitational potential energy of infalling gas to radiation, is capable of such efficient energy generation on such a small scale! An extreme example of t ...
Grade 8 Unit 1 Evidence of Common Ancestory
... and to the speed of an object, students will use square root and cube root symbols to represent solutions to equations of the form x2=p and x3=p, where p is a positive rational number. A simple demonstration of how increased speed or mass contributes to increased kinetic energy could include two obj ...
... and to the speed of an object, students will use square root and cube root symbols to represent solutions to equations of the form x2=p and x3=p, where p is a positive rational number. A simple demonstration of how increased speed or mass contributes to increased kinetic energy could include two obj ...
Hubble Diagram Instruction Sheet
... There are two classes of supernovae, Type I and Type II. For this activity we will be using Type Ia supernovae only. Type Ia supernovae are very important in astronomy as they offer the most reliable sources for measuring cosmic distances up to and beyond 1000 mega parsecs (Mpc). A parsec (pc) is a ...
... There are two classes of supernovae, Type I and Type II. For this activity we will be using Type Ia supernovae only. Type Ia supernovae are very important in astronomy as they offer the most reliable sources for measuring cosmic distances up to and beyond 1000 mega parsecs (Mpc). A parsec (pc) is a ...
Tests of Alternative Theories of Gravity
... BUT – no natural mechanism to generate masses for all scalar fields in the theory – difficult cosmological problems [e.g. Polonyi: too much energy stored in cosmological oscillations of ϕ(t)] ...
... BUT – no natural mechanism to generate masses for all scalar fields in the theory – difficult cosmological problems [e.g. Polonyi: too much energy stored in cosmological oscillations of ϕ(t)] ...
The\^ G Infrared Search for Extraterrestrial Civilizations with Large
... First, we consider civilizations with energy supplies comparable to their star’s total luminosity. A “classical” Dyson sphere that generated power solely from its completely enfolded solar-luminosity star and with a radius of 1 AU would have α = γ = 1; Twaste ∼ 250 K; and ν = ǫ = 0. A civilization u ...
... First, we consider civilizations with energy supplies comparable to their star’s total luminosity. A “classical” Dyson sphere that generated power solely from its completely enfolded solar-luminosity star and with a radius of 1 AU would have α = γ = 1; Twaste ∼ 250 K; and ν = ǫ = 0. A civilization u ...
Energy: Forms and Changes
... Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers th ...
... Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers th ...
PH607lec08
... they observed were moving away from our galaxy (redshifted) and the recession speed increased with distance. Original data: ...
... they observed were moving away from our galaxy (redshifted) and the recession speed increased with distance. Original data: ...
Energy and Energy Resources Energy Transformations
... Changes Between Forms of Energy Have you ever made popcorn in a microwave oven? Energy changes form when you make popcorn, as shown below. A microwave oven changes electric energy into radiant energy. Radiant energy changes into thermal energy in the popcorn kernels. Thermal energy causes water in t ...
... Changes Between Forms of Energy Have you ever made popcorn in a microwave oven? Energy changes form when you make popcorn, as shown below. A microwave oven changes electric energy into radiant energy. Radiant energy changes into thermal energy in the popcorn kernels. Thermal energy causes water in t ...
Advancing Physics A2
... If there is time you can work through: Activity 20S Software Based 'Models of rabbit populations' using File 30L Launchable File 'Rabbit numbers' The model is used to introduce the idea of exponential change. It shows that rabbit populations can grow exponentially if birth rate exceeds death rate, u ...
... If there is time you can work through: Activity 20S Software Based 'Models of rabbit populations' using File 30L Launchable File 'Rabbit numbers' The model is used to introduce the idea of exponential change. It shows that rabbit populations can grow exponentially if birth rate exceeds death rate, u ...
Grade 12 Unit 10 - Amazon Web Services
... state unless a net (unbalanced) external force acts on it. A car moving in a straight line at constant speed does so only because the friction in the drive train, the tires, and the wind resistance are balanced by the action of the engine. Removing your foot from the gas pedal produces a reduction i ...
... state unless a net (unbalanced) external force acts on it. A car moving in a straight line at constant speed does so only because the friction in the drive train, the tires, and the wind resistance are balanced by the action of the engine. Removing your foot from the gas pedal produces a reduction i ...
Astro 6590: Galaxies and the Universe Astro
... 1. Galaxies are easily discernible as discrete entities, whereas groups and clusters are not. • Characteristic sizes? • Topologies? • Origin? • On what scale does the cosmological principle hold? If we select a star at random in the universe, it would nearly always be possible to identify its parent ...
... 1. Galaxies are easily discernible as discrete entities, whereas groups and clusters are not. • Characteristic sizes? • Topologies? • Origin? • On what scale does the cosmological principle hold? If we select a star at random in the universe, it would nearly always be possible to identify its parent ...
My Favorite Universe
... rotation has the effect of Àattening the system. This general Àattening is also seen in galaxies. In the Milky Way, for example, some stars reveal the skeleton of the sphere that originally existed, but the galaxy has Àattened out. Earth, too, is slightly bigger at the equator than at the poles, bec ...
... rotation has the effect of Àattening the system. This general Àattening is also seen in galaxies. In the Milky Way, for example, some stars reveal the skeleton of the sphere that originally existed, but the galaxy has Àattened out. Earth, too, is slightly bigger at the equator than at the poles, bec ...
File - Youngbull Science Center
... than its speed increases. The rest mass of an object, represented by m in the equation on the previous page, is a true constant, a property of the object no matter what speed it has. Subatomic particles are routinely pushed to nearly the speed of light. The momenta of such particles may be thousands ...
... than its speed increases. The rest mass of an object, represented by m in the equation on the previous page, is a true constant, a property of the object no matter what speed it has. Subatomic particles are routinely pushed to nearly the speed of light. The momenta of such particles may be thousands ...
Dark energy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dark_Energy.jpg?width=300)
In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is an unknown form of energy which is hypothesized to permeate all of space, tending to accelerate the expansion of the universe. Dark energy is the most accepted hypothesis to explain the observations since the 1990s indicating that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. Assuming that the standard model of cosmology is correct, the best current measurements indicate that dark energy contributes 68.3% of the total energy in the present-day observable universe. The mass–energy of dark matter and ordinary matter contribute 26.8% and 4.9%, respectively, and other components such as neutrinos and photons contribute a very small amount. Again on a mass–energy equivalence basis, the density of dark energy (6.91 × 10−27 kg/m3) is very low, much less than the density of ordinary matter or dark matter within galaxies. However, it comes to dominate the mass–energy of the universe because it is uniform across space.Two proposed forms for dark energy are the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, and scalar fields such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space. Contributions from scalar fields that are constant in space are usually also included in the cosmological constant. The cosmological constant can be formulated to be equivalent to vacuum energy. Scalar fields that do change in space can be difficult to distinguish from a cosmological constant because the change may be extremely slow.High-precision measurements of the expansion of the universe are required to understand how the expansion rate changes over time and space. In general relativity, the evolution of the expansion rate is parameterized by the cosmological equation of state (the relationship between temperature, pressure, and combined matter, energy, and vacuum energy density for any region of space). Measuring the equation of state for dark energy is one of the biggest efforts in observational cosmology today.Adding the cosmological constant to cosmology's standard FLRW metric leads to the Lambda-CDM model, which has been referred to as the ""standard model of cosmology"" because of its precise agreement with observations. Dark energy has been used as a crucial ingredient in a recent attempt to formulate a cyclic model for the universe.