Lecture_Notes_Ch 19
... Lipids cont’d During hydrogenation, cis double bonds can be converted to trans double bonds. Compare the geometry of the trans 18:2 FA to the 18:0 saturated FA. Both have similar geometries and can interact with each other as though the 18:2 was saturated. Hydrogenated oils may be unhealthy, and sp ...
... Lipids cont’d During hydrogenation, cis double bonds can be converted to trans double bonds. Compare the geometry of the trans 18:2 FA to the 18:0 saturated FA. Both have similar geometries and can interact with each other as though the 18:2 was saturated. Hydrogenated oils may be unhealthy, and sp ...
Lipids
... group (head) and a non-polar hydrocarbon chain (tail) this make fatty acids are amphipathic compounds. However, for long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), the hydrophobic portion is predominant. These molecules are highly water-insoluble, and must be transported in the circulation in association with prote ...
... group (head) and a non-polar hydrocarbon chain (tail) this make fatty acids are amphipathic compounds. However, for long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), the hydrophobic portion is predominant. These molecules are highly water-insoluble, and must be transported in the circulation in association with prote ...
02. Structure and chemical properties of carboxylic acids
... Soaps - salts of long-chain fatty acids How a soap works? -Sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids dissociates in water (Na+, K+ and anions RCOO- are formed) -RCOO- is amphiphilic molecule -The hydrophobic end, R-, is soluble in oils; hydrophilic, -COO-, is soluble in water -The hydrophobic end is ...
... Soaps - salts of long-chain fatty acids How a soap works? -Sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids dissociates in water (Na+, K+ and anions RCOO- are formed) -RCOO- is amphiphilic molecule -The hydrophobic end, R-, is soluble in oils; hydrophilic, -COO-, is soluble in water -The hydrophobic end is ...
O–CH 2 - IS MU
... ….on the contrary, there may be some undesirable effects of blocked prostanoid production, e.g. decline in blood platelet aggregation, decreased protection of endothelial cells and of gastric mucosa. Therefore drugs are being developed which would act as selective inhibitors of COX-2 without the adv ...
... ….on the contrary, there may be some undesirable effects of blocked prostanoid production, e.g. decline in blood platelet aggregation, decreased protection of endothelial cells and of gastric mucosa. Therefore drugs are being developed which would act as selective inhibitors of COX-2 without the adv ...
21: Lipids
... water contains high concentrations of Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions, the fatty acid carboxylate salts of these ions precipitate when we add soaps to hard water. Beside being unsightly, this insoluble soap "scum" ("bathtub ring") is not effective in solubilizing grease. In contrast, calcium and magnesium salts ...
... water contains high concentrations of Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions, the fatty acid carboxylate salts of these ions precipitate when we add soaps to hard water. Beside being unsightly, this insoluble soap "scum" ("bathtub ring") is not effective in solubilizing grease. In contrast, calcium and magnesium salts ...
Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor
... of the endogenous fibrinolytic enzyme system. Low fibrinolytic capacity has been associated with manifest coronary heart disease and increased risk of recurrent major cardiovascular events in patients with a history of cardiovascular disorders.1 Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to d ...
... of the endogenous fibrinolytic enzyme system. Low fibrinolytic capacity has been associated with manifest coronary heart disease and increased risk of recurrent major cardiovascular events in patients with a history of cardiovascular disorders.1 Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to d ...
Biological Activities of Royal Jelly - Review
... there has been an increase in plaque-forming splenocytes, in the weight of the inguinal lymph node and in the number of peripheral lymphocytes [71]. In tumor bearing mice RJ administration increased the survival period of and proved myeloprotection through positive effects on stem cells of bone marr ...
... there has been an increase in plaque-forming splenocytes, in the weight of the inguinal lymph node and in the number of peripheral lymphocytes [71]. In tumor bearing mice RJ administration increased the survival period of and proved myeloprotection through positive effects on stem cells of bone marr ...
18 Renal Acid-Base Balance
... problem of decreased carbon dioxide (pCO2) is being compensated for by the kidneys, which need to start reabsorbing more H+ to make more acid in the blood. If they are reabsorbing more H+, they are making less bicarbonate in the urine. • Since this patient’s bicarbonate levels in the urine are low, ...
... problem of decreased carbon dioxide (pCO2) is being compensated for by the kidneys, which need to start reabsorbing more H+ to make more acid in the blood. If they are reabsorbing more H+, they are making less bicarbonate in the urine. • Since this patient’s bicarbonate levels in the urine are low, ...
The heparin-binding domain confers diverse functions of VEGF
... experimental diabetes, with the VEGF164 isoform accounting for 80 % of total VEGF-A detected [42,43]. VEGF-A may also act directly on certain cells of the immune system, including monocytes, lymphocytes and dendritic cells, as ...
... experimental diabetes, with the VEGF164 isoform accounting for 80 % of total VEGF-A detected [42,43]. VEGF-A may also act directly on certain cells of the immune system, including monocytes, lymphocytes and dendritic cells, as ...
Lipids
... • lower the tendency of blood platelets to stick together, thereby reducing the possibility of blood clots. • can help reduce risk of heart disease. • are found in salmon, tuna, and herring. ...
... • lower the tendency of blood platelets to stick together, thereby reducing the possibility of blood clots. • can help reduce risk of heart disease. • are found in salmon, tuna, and herring. ...
Metabolic fate and effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in
... end of the incubation period 0.2mI of phenylethylamine/methanot (1:1, by vol) was injected into the central well, followed by injection of 0.2ml HCIO4 (30%, by vol) into the culture medium to release the 14CO2. The sealed flasks were shaken for 1 hour at. room temperature to trap the 14CO2 on the fi ...
... end of the incubation period 0.2mI of phenylethylamine/methanot (1:1, by vol) was injected into the central well, followed by injection of 0.2ml HCIO4 (30%, by vol) into the culture medium to release the 14CO2. The sealed flasks were shaken for 1 hour at. room temperature to trap the 14CO2 on the fi ...
The liver The liver is the largest organ in the body, weighing 1.5 kg
... The liver parenchyma is entirely covered by a thin capsule and by visceral peritoneum on all but the posterior surface of the liver, termed the ‘bare area’. The liver is divided into a large right lobe, which constitutes three-quarters of the liver parenchyma, and a smaller left lobe. Surgical resec ...
... The liver parenchyma is entirely covered by a thin capsule and by visceral peritoneum on all but the posterior surface of the liver, termed the ‘bare area’. The liver is divided into a large right lobe, which constitutes three-quarters of the liver parenchyma, and a smaller left lobe. Surgical resec ...
Inflammation - UK - Tree of Light Publishing
... • Heat is caused by increased cellular activity and oxidation at site of damage • Swelling is caused by dilation of capillary pores which allows fluid and protein into tissues spaces in increased quantities; this also allows white blood cells into the area ...
... • Heat is caused by increased cellular activity and oxidation at site of damage • Swelling is caused by dilation of capillary pores which allows fluid and protein into tissues spaces in increased quantities; this also allows white blood cells into the area ...
Characterization of the Fatty Acid Composition of
... for food price increases, threatening food security and putting tremendous burden on the poor (Boddiger, 2007). Microalgae are characterized by higher biomass production and faster growth compared to other energy crops. Moreover, algal oil is an interesting alternative to popular feedstocks of nutri ...
... for food price increases, threatening food security and putting tremendous burden on the poor (Boddiger, 2007). Microalgae are characterized by higher biomass production and faster growth compared to other energy crops. Moreover, algal oil is an interesting alternative to popular feedstocks of nutri ...
Lipids - Sakshieducation.com
... The common examples of phospholipids are Lecithins and Cephalins which are found principally in the brain, nerve cells, and liver of Animals. ...
... The common examples of phospholipids are Lecithins and Cephalins which are found principally in the brain, nerve cells, and liver of Animals. ...
LIPID CHEMISTRY
... - CH = CH - CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 - CH = CH • In other words, double bonds in Polyunsaturated fatty acids are NOT in the Conjugated form such as: - CH = CH - CH = CH – • Double bonds are separated by at least Two single bonds, not by just one single bond , • Thus, in Linoleic acid ( 6, C18:2) the sec ...
... - CH = CH - CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 - CH = CH • In other words, double bonds in Polyunsaturated fatty acids are NOT in the Conjugated form such as: - CH = CH - CH = CH – • Double bonds are separated by at least Two single bonds, not by just one single bond , • Thus, in Linoleic acid ( 6, C18:2) the sec ...
Saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids reciprocally modulate
... TLRs provide critical signals to induce innate immune responses in APCs such as dendritic cells (DCs) that in turn link to adaptive immune responses. Results from our previous studies demonstrated that saturated fatty acids activate TLRs, whereas n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit agonist-induc ...
... TLRs provide critical signals to induce innate immune responses in APCs such as dendritic cells (DCs) that in turn link to adaptive immune responses. Results from our previous studies demonstrated that saturated fatty acids activate TLRs, whereas n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit agonist-induc ...
Fatty acids and lymphocyte functions
... surface markers identifying them as either T- or B-lymphocytes. They are capable of lysing tumour or virus-infected cells and have a role in graft rejection. NK cells are activated by IL-2, IL-12, IFN-g and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a. Lymphocytes in health and disease Clearly a well functioning ...
... surface markers identifying them as either T- or B-lymphocytes. They are capable of lysing tumour or virus-infected cells and have a role in graft rejection. NK cells are activated by IL-2, IL-12, IFN-g and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a. Lymphocytes in health and disease Clearly a well functioning ...
PPT File
... responsiveness of certain tissues to hormones such as epinephrine and glucagon. Elevate body temperature (producing fever), cause inflammation and pain. ...
... responsiveness of certain tissues to hormones such as epinephrine and glucagon. Elevate body temperature (producing fever), cause inflammation and pain. ...
GNLD - News You Can Use - Fats, the Good, Bad and
... appear: indicative of oxidation. Not only are the benefits of the omega-3 fats lost, but you are also beginning to consume a rancid fat, which has major adverse health effects in its own ...
... appear: indicative of oxidation. Not only are the benefits of the omega-3 fats lost, but you are also beginning to consume a rancid fat, which has major adverse health effects in its own ...
Metabolism of lipids
... Acetyl-CoA generated by -oxidation can be a) oxidized in a citrate cycle b) transformed to ketone bodies c) transformed to glucose !!! d) used in a cholesterol synthesis Acetyl-CoA can not be converted to pyruvate: pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction is irreversible. ...
... Acetyl-CoA generated by -oxidation can be a) oxidized in a citrate cycle b) transformed to ketone bodies c) transformed to glucose !!! d) used in a cholesterol synthesis Acetyl-CoA can not be converted to pyruvate: pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction is irreversible. ...
association of serum uric acid with blood urea and serum creatinine
... disease processes. Various lines of evidence suggest that uric acid may have a direct role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and vascular disease. Regardless of this possibility, it is apparent that serum uric acid levels serve as a powerful 'biomarker' or independent predictor of prognosis and ou ...
... disease processes. Various lines of evidence suggest that uric acid may have a direct role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and vascular disease. Regardless of this possibility, it is apparent that serum uric acid levels serve as a powerful 'biomarker' or independent predictor of prognosis and ou ...
Nitric Oxide and Sepsis
... NO has been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of septic shock. Hyperproduction of NO induces excessive vasodilation, changes in vascular permeability, and inhibition of noradrenergic nerve transmission, all characteristics of human septic shock. The recogniton of NO production by activate ...
... NO has been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of septic shock. Hyperproduction of NO induces excessive vasodilation, changes in vascular permeability, and inhibition of noradrenergic nerve transmission, all characteristics of human septic shock. The recogniton of NO production by activate ...
Lipids
... - Hydrogenation involves breaking some of the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids and adding hydrogen. This process produces a harder, more saturated fat one that is more effective for making snack foods, and one that spreads like butter. While hydrogenation protects the fat from oxidation and r ...
... - Hydrogenation involves breaking some of the double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids and adding hydrogen. This process produces a harder, more saturated fat one that is more effective for making snack foods, and one that spreads like butter. While hydrogenation protects the fat from oxidation and r ...
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid
The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids or EETs are signaling molecules formed by the action of Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase on 20-carbon essential fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, from which it is produced by the enzyme epoxygenase. These nonclassic eicosanoids act as short-range hormones, (i.e. they are autocrine and paracrine mediators) of the cardiovascular system and kidney. They produce vasorelaxation as well as anti-inflammatory and pro-fibrinolytic effects.EETs are metabolized by the soluble epoxide hydrolase to the corresponding vicinal diol, or dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), which are biologically less active.