General Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease
... Mechanisms of Viral Pathogenesis: acquisition & infection of target tissue, cytopathogenesis (lytic & nonlytic, oncogenic viruses), host antiviral defenses, immunopathology, epidemiology of viral diseases, (age, immune status & other host factors), control of viral spread. Viral Classification, Stru ...
... Mechanisms of Viral Pathogenesis: acquisition & infection of target tissue, cytopathogenesis (lytic & nonlytic, oncogenic viruses), host antiviral defenses, immunopathology, epidemiology of viral diseases, (age, immune status & other host factors), control of viral spread. Viral Classification, Stru ...
respiratory viral infections 2015 updated2016-02-07
... Lab diagnosis: routine testing by Direct detection of Influenza A or B virus from sputum, nasopharyngeal swab, aspirate (NPA) or respiratory secretion by direct immunoflourecent assay (IFA). Other detection methods: tissue culture, PCR. Treatment: 1: Amantadine is effective against influenza A ...
... Lab diagnosis: routine testing by Direct detection of Influenza A or B virus from sputum, nasopharyngeal swab, aspirate (NPA) or respiratory secretion by direct immunoflourecent assay (IFA). Other detection methods: tissue culture, PCR. Treatment: 1: Amantadine is effective against influenza A ...
Section 12-1: Identifying The Substance of Genes
... When they destroyed the DNA in the mixture, transformation did not occur Therefore, DNA was the transforming factor ...
... When they destroyed the DNA in the mixture, transformation did not occur Therefore, DNA was the transforming factor ...
bacteriophage and viruses-study material-2012
... In 1892, Dmitry Ivanovsky showed that the sap from a diseased tobacco plant remained infectious to healthy tobacco plants despite having been filtered. Dmitry Ivanovsky used the filter to study what is now known as the tobacco mosaic virus. His experiments showed that crushed leaf extracts from infe ...
... In 1892, Dmitry Ivanovsky showed that the sap from a diseased tobacco plant remained infectious to healthy tobacco plants despite having been filtered. Dmitry Ivanovsky used the filter to study what is now known as the tobacco mosaic virus. His experiments showed that crushed leaf extracts from infe ...
Micro-organisms and humans - questions
... 7 Give three examples of diseases caused by bacteria, 8 Complete the following paragraph. Bacteria which cause diseases are called ….. A ….. The disease symptoms are usually the result of …..B ….. produced by the bacteria. Disease-causing bacteria feed parasitically on or in the body of their ….. C ...
... 7 Give three examples of diseases caused by bacteria, 8 Complete the following paragraph. Bacteria which cause diseases are called ….. A ….. The disease symptoms are usually the result of …..B ….. produced by the bacteria. Disease-causing bacteria feed parasitically on or in the body of their ….. C ...
microbes overview
... 1. PROKARYOTES Prokaryotes (evolved between 3-4 billion years ago) are the original inhabitants of the planet ...
... 1. PROKARYOTES Prokaryotes (evolved between 3-4 billion years ago) are the original inhabitants of the planet ...
Transformation and Oncogenesis
... In 1951, a young virologist named Howard Temin arrived at Cal Tech to study the genetics of fruit flies. Restless and imaginative, he soon grew bored with fruit flies. Switching fields, he chose to study Rous sarcoma virus in Renato Dulbecco’s laboratory. Until the late fifties, Rous sarcoma virus had b ...
... In 1951, a young virologist named Howard Temin arrived at Cal Tech to study the genetics of fruit flies. Restless and imaginative, he soon grew bored with fruit flies. Switching fields, he chose to study Rous sarcoma virus in Renato Dulbecco’s laboratory. Until the late fifties, Rous sarcoma virus had b ...
Naming and classifying microorganisms
... Alive: They have either DNA or RNA, which must mean they are living ...
... Alive: They have either DNA or RNA, which must mean they are living ...
mv-lect-3-virus-genomes
... stem loops and bulges. • In some ssRNAs intramolecular base pairing results in structures known as pseudoknots • Regions of secondary structures in single-stranded nucleic acids are folded into tertiary structures with specific shapes, many of which are important in molecular interactions during vir ...
... stem loops and bulges. • In some ssRNAs intramolecular base pairing results in structures known as pseudoknots • Regions of secondary structures in single-stranded nucleic acids are folded into tertiary structures with specific shapes, many of which are important in molecular interactions during vir ...
ch 19 viral replication cycle
... • Vaccines are harmless derivatives of pathogenic microbes that stimulate the immune system to mount defenses against the harmful pathogen • Vaccines can prevent certain viral illnesses • Viral infections cannot be treated by antibiotics • Antiviral drugs can help to treat, though not cure, viral i ...
... • Vaccines are harmless derivatives of pathogenic microbes that stimulate the immune system to mount defenses against the harmful pathogen • Vaccines can prevent certain viral illnesses • Viral infections cannot be treated by antibiotics • Antiviral drugs can help to treat, though not cure, viral i ...
Bacteria and Antibiotics
... Disrupt the synthesis of peptidoglycan thereby inhibiting cell wall synthesis & damaging cell wall integrity ...
... Disrupt the synthesis of peptidoglycan thereby inhibiting cell wall synthesis & damaging cell wall integrity ...
Influenza Virus
... – Antigenic shift抗原转变: major antigenic changes of HA and NA due to genetic reassortment between human and animal influenza viruses, belonging to qualitative changes, resulting in new subtype and may causing periodic pandemics. ...
... – Antigenic shift抗原转变: major antigenic changes of HA and NA due to genetic reassortment between human and animal influenza viruses, belonging to qualitative changes, resulting in new subtype and may causing periodic pandemics. ...
Special virology 1. Rotavirus 2. Enterovirus polio
... Spore: the spore form of some bacteria can survive heat, desiccation, and chemical exposure. Flagellum: the flagellum gives the bacterium motility. Viruses Viruses are organized based on the characteristics of their genetic material. They are first divided between DNA and RNA. They are further di ...
... Spore: the spore form of some bacteria can survive heat, desiccation, and chemical exposure. Flagellum: the flagellum gives the bacterium motility. Viruses Viruses are organized based on the characteristics of their genetic material. They are first divided between DNA and RNA. They are further di ...
Chapter 7 Body Systems
... Much smaller than bacteria Despite their tiny size, many viruses cause ...
... Much smaller than bacteria Despite their tiny size, many viruses cause ...
Prions
... • German Measles: • Readings question #5: what is the virus that is responsible for this disease? How is it spread? • Chickenpox and Shingles: – Shingles rarely occurs in people under the age of ...
... • German Measles: • Readings question #5: what is the virus that is responsible for this disease? How is it spread? • Chickenpox and Shingles: – Shingles rarely occurs in people under the age of ...
Prions
... • German Measles: • Readings question #5: what is the virus that is responsible for this disease? How is it spread? • Chickenpox and Shingles: – Shingles rarely occurs in people under the age of ...
... • German Measles: • Readings question #5: what is the virus that is responsible for this disease? How is it spread? • Chickenpox and Shingles: – Shingles rarely occurs in people under the age of ...
L6 microbialcontrol7e
... • Bactericidal: something capable of killing bacteria • Antiseptic: an agent that is used to inhibit/kill bacterial growth on skin and mucus membranes • Disinfectant: an agent that is used to inhibit/kill bacterial growth on inanimate objects ...
... • Bactericidal: something capable of killing bacteria • Antiseptic: an agent that is used to inhibit/kill bacterial growth on skin and mucus membranes • Disinfectant: an agent that is used to inhibit/kill bacterial growth on inanimate objects ...
1 Discover the World of Microbes, Bacteria, Archaea - Wiley-VCH
... The photosynthetic apparatus of the green bacteria is designed to work also at low light intensities and to allow a light-driven reduction of NAD+ to NADH. In purple bacteria this reduction is a dark reaction driven, for instance, by ATP hydrolysis or by dehydrogenation reactions. 7. With which reac ...
... The photosynthetic apparatus of the green bacteria is designed to work also at low light intensities and to allow a light-driven reduction of NAD+ to NADH. In purple bacteria this reduction is a dark reaction driven, for instance, by ATP hydrolysis or by dehydrogenation reactions. 7. With which reac ...
Microbiology
... Viruses: Characteristics Each virus contains specific surface proteins. They are shaped to match a particular host ...
... Viruses: Characteristics Each virus contains specific surface proteins. They are shaped to match a particular host ...
antimicrobials - icuprimaryprep
... be sufficient to inhibit growth of the offending microorganisms. If host defenses are intact, agents that interfere with growth or replication of the microorganism but do not kill it (i.e., bacteriostatic agents) may suffice. If host defenses are impaired, antibiotic-mediated killing (i.e., a bacter ...
... be sufficient to inhibit growth of the offending microorganisms. If host defenses are intact, agents that interfere with growth or replication of the microorganism but do not kill it (i.e., bacteriostatic agents) may suffice. If host defenses are impaired, antibiotic-mediated killing (i.e., a bacter ...
Introduction to viruses
A virus is a biological agent that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts. When infected by a virus, a host cell is forced to produce many thousands of identical copies of the original virus, at an extraordinary rate. Unlike most living things, viruses do not have cells that divide; new viruses are assembled in the infected host cell. But unlike still simpler infectious agents, viruses contain genes, which gives them the ability to mutate and evolve. Over 5,000 species of viruses have been discovered.The origins of viruses are unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria. A virus consists of two or three parts: genes, made from either DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information; a protein coat that protects the genes; and in some viruses, an envelope of fat that surrounds and protects them when they are not contained within a host cell. Viruses vary in shape from the simple helical and icosahedral to more complex structures. Viruses range in size from 20 to 300 nanometres; it would take 30,000 to 750,000 of them, side by side, to stretch to 1 centimetre (0.39 in).Viruses spread in many ways. Just as many viruses are very specific as to which host species or tissue they attack, each species of virus relies on a particular method for propagation. Plant viruses are often spread from plant to plant by insects and other organisms, known as vectors. Some viruses of animals, including humans, are spread by exposure to infected bodily fluids. Viruses such as influenza are spread through the air by droplets of moisture when people cough or sneeze. Viruses such as norovirus are transmitted by the faecal–oral route, which involves the contamination of hands, food and water. Rotavirus is often spread by direct contact with infected children. The human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, is transmitted by bodily fluids transferred during sex. Others, such as the Dengue virus, are spread by blood-sucking insects.Viral infections can cause disease in humans, animals and even plants. However, they are usually eliminated by the immune system, conferring lifetime immunity to the host for that virus. Antibiotics have no effect on viruses, but antiviral drugs have been developed to treat life-threatening infections. Vaccines that produce lifelong immunity can prevent some viral infections.