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What is a Rock?
What is a Rock?

...  All rock types physically and chemically decomposed by a variety of surface processes collectively known as weathering  The debris thus created often transported by erosional processes via streams, glaciers, wind, and gravity  When this debris is deposited as permanent sediment, the processes of ...
Earth BootCamp_5.7B_Part 1_AC
Earth BootCamp_5.7B_Part 1_AC

... B. Big rainstorms washed rocks out of the canyon. C. A flowing river cut into rocks to form the canyon. D. The canyon was formed from the uplifting of rock. ...
Keeping Plants Alive under Drought or Water
Keeping Plants Alive under Drought or Water

... and small plants, and during flowering and fruit production. Remember to add a 3-inch layer of mulch on top of the soil between plants to reduce evaporation from the soil surface. Shrubs Most established shrubs can survive long periods of dry soil. Even if there has been no rain, one thorough spring ...
Drought Tip: Keeping Plants Alive under Drought or Water Restrictions
Drought Tip: Keeping Plants Alive under Drought or Water Restrictions

... and small plants, and during flowering and fruit production. Remember to add a 3-inch layer of mulch on top of the soil between plants to reduce evaporation from the soil surface. Shrubs Most established shrubs can survive long periods of dry soil. Even if there has been no rain, one thorough spring ...
chemical reaction?
chemical reaction?

... What affects the rates of reactions? • Reactions can occur in less than a second or over a matter of days. • Reaction rates are affected by how often particles _______________. • The factors that affect reaction rates are _________________ , ______________ _____________, _____________, and the pres ...
ESS Analysis of Brazilian Deforestation
ESS Analysis of Brazilian Deforestation

... the crops. Farmers unfortunately discover that soil fertility only last a few years. E>B: Deforestation of the Brazilian rainforest also has many societal impacts. Indigenous tribes are loosing their homes and way of life. There is constant threat of armed conflict over logging, ranching, and farmin ...
Composting – Middle version (2 lessons)
Composting – Middle version (2 lessons)

... 5. Using forceps and magnifying glasses have students search through each pile for microorganisms. 6. Provide students with a microscope to further analyze any microorganisms found. 7. Discuss with students the following: a. Did decomposition occur more rapidly in one of the bags? ...
Design of Fuzzy Control Algorithm for Precious Irrigation System in
Design of Fuzzy Control Algorithm for Precious Irrigation System in

... other factors affecting the irrigation of greenhouse. A fuzzy irrigation decisionmaking system was established by using virtual instrumentation platform [8]. The experiment results showed that the system had friendly interface and was easy to use; it could give comprehensive judgment and decision-ma ...
What is a sedimentary rock?
What is a sedimentary rock?

... Sulfides: Metal cations bonded to sulfide (the anion of sulfur). ...
ALE 23. Balancing Redox Reactions
ALE 23. Balancing Redox Reactions

... The Model Oxidation-reduction or Redox reactions involve the transfer of one or more electrons from one chemical species to another. Redox reactions are involved in the corrosion of metals, the combustion of fuels, the generation of electricity from batteries and many biological processes including ...
PDF
PDF

... numerous causes. Some materials are lost during transfers from one container to another and side reactions take place that are different from the one that is intended to take place. • The amount of product calculated in the examples is called the theoretical yield. The amount of product actually pro ...
PPT
PPT

... • A balanced chemical equation is one in which the number of atoms of each element in the reactants is equal to the number of atoms of that same element in the products. • A reaction can be balanced by applying the law of conservation of matter. • Coefficients (in red below) are written to the left ...
Discover Chemical Changes - gk-12
Discover Chemical Changes - gk-12

... Foods (such as apples) turning brown – another example of oxidation, also with iron. Apples and other foods, such as potatoes turn brown when exposed to air because enzymes or proteins containing iron that are found in these foods react with the oxygen in the air and the chemical reaction causes th ...
Igneous Rock PPT - Effingham County Schools
Igneous Rock PPT - Effingham County Schools

... ◦ WHY? Earth’s surface is much cooler, and lower temperatures mean rocks cool quickly, not leaving enough time for large crystals to form. ...
Role of Water as a Solvent
Role of Water as a Solvent

... (a) ZnCl2. The O.N. for zinc is +2 and that for chloride is -1. (b) SO3. Each oxygen is an oxide with an O.N. of -2. Therefore the O.N. of sulfur must be +6. (c) HNO3. H has an O.N. of +1 and each oxygen is -2. Therefore the N must have an O.N. of +5. ...
if they
if they

... a variety of sources. Sometimes water is trapped in pore spaces of sedimentary rocks. Water may percolate down from the surface. Water may be driven from hydrated minerals (e.g. ...
Cider+oxygen+langmui..
Cider+oxygen+langmui..

... Life produces an Electric Current that makes reduced molecules and oxidized complements • CO2 + electron donor + hydrogen → CH2O + oxidized by-product Carbon changes valence from 4+ to neutral or negative: ...
Types of Chemical Reactions
Types of Chemical Reactions

... hydroxide and nitric acid? The products of this reaction are aqueous calcium nitrate and water. How does this net ionic equation compare to the net ionic equation shown at the top of this page? Hint: you may want to begin with the balanced formula ...
8 Geology Revision
8 Geology Revision

... weathering is caused by decomposition of rocks by chemicals such as acids. This includes the effects of acid rain on limestones, or the decomposition of granite to clay. Oxidation of chemicals in rocks made them softer. h. Biological weathering would include the effect of animals and _________ on th ...
Layers of the Earth
Layers of the Earth

... The outermost layer of the Earth is the crust. It is like the peel of an apple. It is very thin compared to the other layers. The crust is only about 3-5 miles (8 km) thick under the oceans (oceanic crust) and about 25 miles (32 km) thick under the continents (continental crust). The crust is made u ...
3a Discharge permit application – general discharges to land
3a Discharge permit application – general discharges to land

... maps, soil tests, local knowledge): ...
CHAPTER 6_Sed_Rocks
CHAPTER 6_Sed_Rocks

... and lithify to form biochemical sedimentary rocks. Important examples are most types of limestone and bedded, biogenic chert. 6. Organic sedimentary rocks include coal—the altered remains of trees and other plants that lived in swampy environments (which allow organic matter to accumulate without to ...
Biomes
Biomes

...  What are the biotic factors?  What are the abiotic factors? ...
Geosphere College notes
Geosphere College notes

... Thinning of the lithosphere at constructive plate margins leads to a lowering of pressure. This causes partial melting of the rocks of the mantle (peridodite). Partial melting splits the mantle rock into two fractions each with a different composition from the parent rock. The molten fraction rises ...
Anemone `Honorine Jobert` - Woodinville Water District
Anemone `Honorine Jobert` - Woodinville Water District

... hybrid cultivar that spreads by creeping rhizomes. Large single white flowers with yellow centers appear on long, wiry-but-graceful, branching stems over an attractive foliage mound of dark green leaves. It has a long bloom period from August to September. ‘Honorine Jobert’ is an old garden hybrid d ...
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Pedosphere

The pedosphere (from Greek πέδον pedon ""soil"" or ""earth"" and σφαίρα sfaíra ""sphere"") is the outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil and subject to soil formation processes. It exists at the interface of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. The sum total of all the organisms, soils, water and air is termed as the ""pedosphere"". The pedosphere is the skin of the Earth and only develops when there is a dynamic interaction between the atmosphere (air in and above the soil), biosphere (living organisms), lithosphere (unconsolidated regolith and consolidated bedrock) and the hydrosphere (water in, on and below the soil). The pedosphere is the foundation of terrestrial life on this planet. There is a realization that the pedosphere needs to be distinctly recognized as a dynamic interface of all terrestrial ecosystems and be integrated into the Earth System Science knowledge base.The pedosphere acts as the mediator of chemical and biogeochemical flux into and out of these respective systems and is made up of gaseous, mineralic, fluid and biologic components. The pedosphere lies within the Critical Zone, a broader interface that includes vegetation, pedosphere, groundwater aquifer systems, regolith and finally ends at some depth in the bedrock where the biosphere and hydrosphere cease to make significant changes to the chemistry at depth. As part of the larger global system, any particular environment in which soil forms is influenced solely by its geographic position on the globe as climatic, geologic, biologic and anthropogenic changes occur with changes in longitude and latitude.The pedosphere lies below the vegetative cover of the biosphere and above the hydrosphere and lithosphere. The soil forming process (pedogenesis) can begin without the aid of biology but is significantly quickened in the presence of biologic reactions. Soil formation begins with the chemical and/or physical breakdown of minerals to form the initial material that overlies the bedrock substrate. Biology quickens this by secreting acidic compounds (dominantly fulvic acids) that help break rock apart. Particular biologic pioneers are lichen, mosses and seed bearing plants but many other inorganic reactions take place that diversify the chemical makeup of the early soil layer. Once weathering and decomposition products accumulate, a coherent soil body allows the migration of fluids both vertically and laterally through the soil profile causing ion exchange between solid, fluid and gaseous phases. As time progresses, the bulk geochemistry of the soil layer will deviate away from the initial composition of the bedrock and will evolve to a chemistry that reflects the type of reactions that take place in the soil.
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