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chapter 6 section 3 notes
chapter 6 section 3 notes

... Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere. The number of different species in the biosphere, or in a particular area, is called species diversity. To date, biologists have identified and named more than 1.8 million species, and they ...
1
1

... Life on Earth has constantly changed, with new species evolving as older ones becomes extinct. The modern biosphere evolved from the earliest beginnings. ...
Chapter 52 1. What are the different levels of ecological research? 2
Chapter 52 1. What are the different levels of ecological research? 2

... 5. How has Costa Rica embraced the concept of a zoned reserve?  ...
File - Ms. D. Science CGPA
File - Ms. D. Science CGPA

... Adaptation- An inherited behavior or physical characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment Niche- How an organism makes its living and interacts with the biotic and abiotic factors in its habitat Competition- The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt ...
Ch05_Interactions_Environments
Ch05_Interactions_Environments

...  An ecosystem is a defined space in which interactions take place between a community, with all its complex interrelationships, and the physical environment. ...
q1 Biodiversity Study Guide - Mrs. Chick AP Environmental Systems
q1 Biodiversity Study Guide - Mrs. Chick AP Environmental Systems

...  Habitat/ecosystem diversity- large area with different biomes for organisms to thrive  Species diversity- number of different species and their abundance. 4. Why is biodiversity high in some places but low in others?  Unique Climates and Conditions One of the most significant and naturally occur ...
Convergent Evolution
Convergent Evolution

... mammals have undergone convergent evolution with placentals, including wombats (woodchucks), numbats (anteaters), quolls (cats), and thylacines (wolves). Still another example of convergent evolution is seen in the similar shape and coloration of fish and cetaceans, both of which have adapted to the ...
Food Web
Food Web

... Interspecific competition: competition between members of different species. If we look at natural communities, we rarely find species whose niches overlap significantly. Direct competition between different species almost always results in a "losing" species which dies out. 4.4 Biomes Biomes are de ...
The Importance of the Natural Sciences to Conservation
The Importance of the Natural Sciences to Conservation

... dynamics based on frequent disturbance, effective dispersal, and both inhibitory and facultative succession. Strong and weak interactions are well studied at small scales (Paine 2002). However, there is a dearth of understanding of when and why these mechanisms work in some areas but not in others. ...
Ecosystems - West Ashley High School
Ecosystems - West Ashley High School

... and crossbills are the most important seed predator for lodgepoles. Again, the trees are not defenseless: crossbills have more difficulty getting seeds from cones with large, thick scales. But the birds have a mode of counterattack: crossbills with deeper, shorter, less curved bills are better able ...
Ecology and Conservation
Ecology and Conservation

... In an ecosystem, abiotic factors set limits to the distribution of biotic factors while biotic factors have an effect on abiotic factors. Biotic factors may actually change the abiotic factors in the environment to such an extent that the environment becomes limiting to them and other species become ...
Tetrapods – General Characteristics
Tetrapods – General Characteristics

... dorsal surface of the bullfrog has an olive-green basal color. The ventral surface is off-white blotched with yellow or gray. The eyes are prominent with brown irises and horizontal almond-shaped pupils. This species has prominent tympani (eardrums) and the dorsolateral folds of skin end close to th ...
The Scorecard Questions [PPT
The Scorecard Questions [PPT

... interactions among species. Intact ecosystems require that all parts not only exist but also function together, resulting in natural symbioses, competition and predator-prey relationships. Community integrity, resistance and resilience all depend on these relationships. Abundance, relative abundance ...
Biodiversity - Jean-Francois Le Galliard
Biodiversity - Jean-Francois Le Galliard

... 3.5 billion years and 99% of these species are extinct The number of species on Earth at a given time is a complex function of the past and present speciation (“birth” of new species) and extinction (death of existing species) processes – these processes are governed by laws of ecology & evolution ( ...
FISH 312: Fisheries Ecology
FISH 312: Fisheries Ecology

... In addition to the physiological capacity to tolerate a range of conditions (e.g., temperature, salinity, oxygen, etc.), mobile organisms often move to adjust their environment, searching for physiologically optimal conditions. For example, manatees leave salt water in winter for warm springs, and a ...
Conservation of Matter & Energy
Conservation of Matter & Energy

... But it’s not just about HOW MANY living things are in an area. Diversity is very important as well and is a measure of the health of an ecosystem.  The lower the diversity, the lower the health.  Why do you think this is? ...
Reprint (497KB PDF) - Michigan State University
Reprint (497KB PDF) - Michigan State University

... Intraspecific genetic diversity, often of a foundation species, influences dependent community patterns and ecosystem processes Patterns of genetic ancestry can be used to discern among competing hypotheses about the historical origin of Community species traits and their ecological distributions an ...
WB Ecosystems
WB Ecosystems

... are structured from smallest to largest in an ecological hierarchy. ◆ A species is a group of closely related organisms that can reproduce with one another. ◆ All the members of a species within an ecosystem are referred to as a population. ◆ Populations of different species that interact in a speci ...
File - Science Source
File - Science Source

... Explain how these populations interact to form communities. Describe how competition increases when the competitors are more alike (greatest competition exists between like species). Explain how different organisms compete for limited life needs. Explain how different populations living in the same ...
ecological relationships overview directions
ecological relationships overview directions

... Display the image “lemon shark” in the resource carousel and have students observe it closely. Ask: Other than the shark, are there any other organisms you see? Elicit from students that the shark and the remoras, the smaller fish below the shark, have a symbiotic relationship called commensalism, w ...
Ecology Test Prep
Ecology Test Prep

... -Identify different types of relationships between organisms based on a short description. -Explain how nutrients enter into and exit living systems -Identify what trophic level different organisms are on -Distinguish between different biomes based on descriptions of their climate, plants, & animals ...
Intertidal Zonation Does Species Diversity
Intertidal Zonation Does Species Diversity

... few tolerant species dominated the higher zone whereas a number of species were more evenly represented in the lower zones. Increased competition for space, predation and disturbance by waves is thought to contribute to fewer individuals per species in the low zone. While the Shannon-Wiener Index an ...
The Intertidal Zone This lesson contains four activities with
The Intertidal Zone This lesson contains four activities with

... for  only  a  few  highly  conditioned  species.  Tidepools  are  marked  by  conditions  that  change   dramatically  over  a  very  small  area,  also  going  from  only  occasionally  wet  to  usually   submerged  in  a  matter  of ...
biology_-_module_4_-_notes
biology_-_module_4_-_notes

... The platypus is quite an unusual species that baffled scientist for many years, until new information and technologies became available. The platypus was firstly described in 1799 along with the koala, kangaroo, wombat and the emu which were all curious creates to the scientific community of that er ...
Science 1206 - Nova Central
Science 1206 - Nova Central

... • As the food is passed through the food web, most of the energy is lost. – Pyramid of energy - about 10% of the energy stored in one trophic level (such as producers) is actually transferred to the next trophic level (for example the herbivores). – Which means that 90% of the energy is lost. – Eve ...
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Biogeography



Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. Organisms and biological communities often vary in a regular fashion along geographic gradients of latitude, elevation, isolation and habitat area. Phytogeography is the branch of biogeography that studies the distribution of plants. Zoogeography is the branch that studies distribution of animals.Knowledge of spatial variation in the numbers and types of organisms is as vital to us today as it was to our early human ancestors, as we adapt to heterogeneous but geographically predictable environments. Biogeography is an integrative field of inquiry that unites concepts and information from ecology, evolutionary biology, geology, and physical geography.Modern biogeographic research combines information and ideas from many fields, from the physiological and ecological constraints on organismal dispersal to geological and climatological phenomena operating at global spatial scales and evolutionary time frames.The short-term interactions within a habitat and species of organisms describe the ecological application of biogeography. Historical biogeography describes the long-term, evolutionary periods of time for broader classifications of organisms. Early scientists, beginning with Carl Linnaeus, contributed theories to the contributions of the development of biogeography as a science. Beginning in the mid-18th century, Europeans explored the world and discovered the biodiversity of life. Linnaeus initiated the ways to classify organisms through his exploration of undiscovered territories.The scientific theory of biogeography grows out of the work of Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), Hewett Cottrell Watson (1804–1881), Alphonse de Candolle (1806–1893), Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), Philip Lutley Sclater (1829–1913) and other biologists and explorers.
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