The Neuroanatomical Basis of Understanding Sarcasm and Its
... prefrontal lesions has been directly tested in controlled experiments only once (McDonald & Pearce, 1996); the authors found that compared with healthy controls, these patients could not interpret sarcasm. In concordance with this, we also reported a deficit in interpretation of sarcasm in patients ...
... prefrontal lesions has been directly tested in controlled experiments only once (McDonald & Pearce, 1996); the authors found that compared with healthy controls, these patients could not interpret sarcasm. In concordance with this, we also reported a deficit in interpretation of sarcasm in patients ...
Are cortical spikes conveyed to contralateral
... method referenced to cortical spike discharges. The waveform of CCAP was characterized by a slow-rising negative potential change that preceded the cortical spike discharge and continued to increase after it occurred (Fig. 2). As shown in Fig. 4, the following common features among all 20 patients w ...
... method referenced to cortical spike discharges. The waveform of CCAP was characterized by a slow-rising negative potential change that preceded the cortical spike discharge and continued to increase after it occurred (Fig. 2). As shown in Fig. 4, the following common features among all 20 patients w ...
Nerve growth factor improves visual loss in childhood optic
... Preliminary evaluations suggested that 30 patients aged 525 years, with OPG, would be followed by the clinical centre. Based on a previous pilot study in five OPG patients (Falsini et al., 2011), this number was estimated to give a power of 80% at an alpha = 0.05 for detecting an average change diff ...
... Preliminary evaluations suggested that 30 patients aged 525 years, with OPG, would be followed by the clinical centre. Based on a previous pilot study in five OPG patients (Falsini et al., 2011), this number was estimated to give a power of 80% at an alpha = 0.05 for detecting an average change diff ...
Diagnostic History of Traumatic Axonal Injury in Patients with
... Cerebral concussion is a transient disorder of brain function without long-term sequelae [18]. Therefore, patients with concussion should make a complete recovery with no sequelae. However, a significant proportion of patients with concussion showed sequelae with a reported incidence of approximatel ...
... Cerebral concussion is a transient disorder of brain function without long-term sequelae [18]. Therefore, patients with concussion should make a complete recovery with no sequelae. However, a significant proportion of patients with concussion showed sequelae with a reported incidence of approximatel ...
Representation of the Visual Field in the Human Occipital Cortex
... To assess the accuracy of the Holmes map4 and a revised map,6 the location of the lesion in each patient was predicted using the 2 maps based on the patient’s visual field defect. We then compared the predicted location of the lesion with its actual location on MRI to assess the compatibility betwee ...
... To assess the accuracy of the Holmes map4 and a revised map,6 the location of the lesion in each patient was predicted using the 2 maps based on the patient’s visual field defect. We then compared the predicted location of the lesion with its actual location on MRI to assess the compatibility betwee ...
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Neuroscientific Probe of
... currents and result in scalp burn, unless appropriate electrode materials (e.g., plastic) or shapes (e.g., slotted) are used (14). A particularly appealing aspect of combining TMS with other imaging techniques is that it becomes possible to obtain physiological, objective measures of TMS effects, ra ...
... currents and result in scalp burn, unless appropriate electrode materials (e.g., plastic) or shapes (e.g., slotted) are used (14). A particularly appealing aspect of combining TMS with other imaging techniques is that it becomes possible to obtain physiological, objective measures of TMS effects, ra ...
Apparent Atypical Callosal Dysgenesis
... The MR scans of six pediatric patients with apparent atypical callosal dysgenesis (presence of the dorsal corpus callosum in the absence of a rostral corpus callosum) were critically analyzed and correlated with developmental information in order to assess the anatomic, embryologic, and developmenta ...
... The MR scans of six pediatric patients with apparent atypical callosal dysgenesis (presence of the dorsal corpus callosum in the absence of a rostral corpus callosum) were critically analyzed and correlated with developmental information in order to assess the anatomic, embryologic, and developmenta ...
Neurologic Manifestations of Hypoglycemia
... Unlike most other body tissues, the brain requires a continuous supply of glucose. It has very limited endogenous glycogen stores, and does not produce glucose intrinsically.1 Although it accounts for 2% of body weight, the brain utilizes 25% of the body’s glucose due to its high metabolic rate.2, 3 ...
... Unlike most other body tissues, the brain requires a continuous supply of glucose. It has very limited endogenous glycogen stores, and does not produce glucose intrinsically.1 Although it accounts for 2% of body weight, the brain utilizes 25% of the body’s glucose due to its high metabolic rate.2, 3 ...
Hyperfrontality and hypoconnectivity during refreshing in
... Anomalous activations of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior cerebral areas have been reported in previous studies of working memory in schizophrenia. Several interpretations have been reported: e.g., neural inefficiency, the use of different strategies and differences in the functional organiz ...
... Anomalous activations of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior cerebral areas have been reported in previous studies of working memory in schizophrenia. Several interpretations have been reported: e.g., neural inefficiency, the use of different strategies and differences in the functional organiz ...
Dynamic functional reorganization of the motor execution network
... pathological networks (Ponten et al., 2007). It is possible that network randomization may be a final common pathway for different types of brain damage, resulting from a compensatory but non optimized outgrowth of new connections because of impaired normal connection pathway. In current study, we h ...
... pathological networks (Ponten et al., 2007). It is possible that network randomization may be a final common pathway for different types of brain damage, resulting from a compensatory but non optimized outgrowth of new connections because of impaired normal connection pathway. In current study, we h ...
Neural networks engaged in milliseconds and seconds time
... have to be kept in memory, especially for longer supra-second time intervals, or when the task requires a high cognitive level. We conclude that the contribution of these strongly interconnected anatomical structures in time processing is not fixed, depending not only on the duration of the time int ...
... have to be kept in memory, especially for longer supra-second time intervals, or when the task requires a high cognitive level. We conclude that the contribution of these strongly interconnected anatomical structures in time processing is not fixed, depending not only on the duration of the time int ...
Tinnitus: What You Need to Know
... 2. Bolus-tracking measures cerebral blood volume, making use of external contrast agents (Belliveau et al. 1991). 3. Spin-tagging assesses cerebral blood flow, using arterial blood for intrinsic contrast (Detre et al. 1992). ...
... 2. Bolus-tracking measures cerebral blood volume, making use of external contrast agents (Belliveau et al. 1991). 3. Spin-tagging assesses cerebral blood flow, using arterial blood for intrinsic contrast (Detre et al. 1992). ...
An unaware agenda: interictal consciousness
... case in a pathological state. During sleep, coma, and anesthesia, the levels of awareness and wakefulness decline simultaneously. However, sometimes they become disassociated (Laureys et al., 2004). This is the case during epileptic seizures (Cavanna, 2014), such as absence seizures and focal seizur ...
... case in a pathological state. During sleep, coma, and anesthesia, the levels of awareness and wakefulness decline simultaneously. However, sometimes they become disassociated (Laureys et al., 2004). This is the case during epileptic seizures (Cavanna, 2014), such as absence seizures and focal seizur ...
Three approaches to investigating functional compromise to the
... TBI, Bonnelle et al. (2011) demonstrated sustained attention was impaired and associated with an increase in functional activation of the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex. Their results also revealed sustained attention decreased as the integrity of structural connections between DMN nodes d ...
... TBI, Bonnelle et al. (2011) demonstrated sustained attention was impaired and associated with an increase in functional activation of the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex. Their results also revealed sustained attention decreased as the integrity of structural connections between DMN nodes d ...
What is a traumatic brain injury
... Symptoms are usually worse acutely. However, sometimes persons may not notice problems until they attempt to resume their normal daily activities (like returning to work or school). Symptoms will tend to get better over time for most people. A small subset of individuals with mild TBI continue to ex ...
... Symptoms are usually worse acutely. However, sometimes persons may not notice problems until they attempt to resume their normal daily activities (like returning to work or school). Symptoms will tend to get better over time for most people. A small subset of individuals with mild TBI continue to ex ...
Phantom Limbs and Neural Plasticity
... are important for 2 reasons: First, they suggest that, contrary to the static picture of brain maps provided by neuroanatomists, topography is extremely labile. Even in the adult brain, massive reorganization can occur over extremely short periods, and referred sensations can therefore be used as a ...
... are important for 2 reasons: First, they suggest that, contrary to the static picture of brain maps provided by neuroanatomists, topography is extremely labile. Even in the adult brain, massive reorganization can occur over extremely short periods, and referred sensations can therefore be used as a ...
Neural Basis of Prosopagnosia: An fMRI Study
... childhood. Developmental prosopagnosia is a face recognition deficit occurring in the absence of an established neurological disease [McConachie, 1976]. Patient GA (M, 27 years) suffered from a head injury at 18 months, whereas Patient RP (M, 49 years) was injured at age 7 years. As is often the cas ...
... childhood. Developmental prosopagnosia is a face recognition deficit occurring in the absence of an established neurological disease [McConachie, 1976]. Patient GA (M, 27 years) suffered from a head injury at 18 months, whereas Patient RP (M, 49 years) was injured at age 7 years. As is often the cas ...
Greater Cortical Gray Matter Density in Lithium
... Methods: We used high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and cortical pattern matching methods to map gray matter differences in 28 adults with bipolar disorder, 70% of whom were lithium-treated (mean age ⫽ 36.1 ⫾ 10.5; 13 female subject), and 28 healthy control subjects (mean age ⫽ 35.9 ⫾ 8.5; 1 ...
... Methods: We used high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and cortical pattern matching methods to map gray matter differences in 28 adults with bipolar disorder, 70% of whom were lithium-treated (mean age ⫽ 36.1 ⫾ 10.5; 13 female subject), and 28 healthy control subjects (mean age ⫽ 35.9 ⫾ 8.5; 1 ...
Inferring a dual-stream model of mentalizing from associative white
... identification of the structures that are functionally essential at each stage of the resection (Duffau et al., 2002; Duffau, 2005). In fact, most of the associative white matter connectivity required for basic cognitive processes is never surgically removed, despite lesion invasion (Ius et al., 201 ...
... identification of the structures that are functionally essential at each stage of the resection (Duffau et al., 2002; Duffau, 2005). In fact, most of the associative white matter connectivity required for basic cognitive processes is never surgically removed, despite lesion invasion (Ius et al., 201 ...
Text - Spectrum: Concordia
... exceptional state of health and well-being, mind-body healing, and spontaneous healing from many types of illnesses that are chronic. Altered States of Consciousness and Transpersonal Psychology Ludwig (1966) defines an “altered state of consciousness” as any mental state(s) induced by various types ...
... exceptional state of health and well-being, mind-body healing, and spontaneous healing from many types of illnesses that are chronic. Altered States of Consciousness and Transpersonal Psychology Ludwig (1966) defines an “altered state of consciousness” as any mental state(s) induced by various types ...
Cerebrospinal fluid nerve growth factor levels in patients with
... increased generation of glial cells that resulted from brain damage. It has been shown that if there is ...
... increased generation of glial cells that resulted from brain damage. It has been shown that if there is ...
The Functional Neuroanatomy of the Placebo Effect Article Helen S. Mayberg, M.D.,
... here is little debate as to the power of the placebo effect in controlled short-term clinical trials of antidepressants, as well as in other medical and surgical treatments (1–3). Placebo response in the acute phase of antidepressant trials has often been seen as an unavoidable and distracting conse ...
... here is little debate as to the power of the placebo effect in controlled short-term clinical trials of antidepressants, as well as in other medical and surgical treatments (1–3). Placebo response in the acute phase of antidepressant trials has often been seen as an unavoidable and distracting conse ...
Comparison of the effects of acetyl L-carnitine and - Direct-MS
... ing capacity within the muscle itself, called peripheral fatigue. Consequently, the management of fatigue is a complex and difficult task because multiple factors may contribute to produce this symptom. A number of different medications are used to manage fatigue including amantadine, pemoline, amin ...
... ing capacity within the muscle itself, called peripheral fatigue. Consequently, the management of fatigue is a complex and difficult task because multiple factors may contribute to produce this symptom. A number of different medications are used to manage fatigue including amantadine, pemoline, amin ...
Long latency EMG responses in hand and leg muscles
... of the anterior tibialis (TA) and triceps surae (TS) muscles was recorded using bipolar surface electrodes and processed as above (for details see reference 15), analysis time being 400 ms. The results from eight platform tilts were averaged. Latencies and durations of the EMG responses were measure ...
... of the anterior tibialis (TA) and triceps surae (TS) muscles was recorded using bipolar surface electrodes and processed as above (for details see reference 15), analysis time being 400 ms. The results from eight platform tilts were averaged. Latencies and durations of the EMG responses were measure ...