The Origin of Species
... – Descent with modification explains life’s unity and diversity 1. 生命的相同與不同來自於經過改變的繼承 – Natural selection is a cause of adaptive evolution 2. 天擇為促成生物適應演化的原因 ...
... – Descent with modification explains life’s unity and diversity 1. 生命的相同與不同來自於經過改變的繼承 – Natural selection is a cause of adaptive evolution 2. 天擇為促成生物適應演化的原因 ...
Patterns and Power of Phenotypic Selection in Nature
... JOEL G. KINGSOLVER AND DAVID W. PFENNIG ...
... JOEL G. KINGSOLVER AND DAVID W. PFENNIG ...
thesis –social darwinism - Ghent University Library
... how to reconcile these [horrors of human and animal life] with the absolute goodness and nonlimitation of God” (Hardy 1928, 269). Upon this, Hardy replied : “Perhaps Dr. Grosart might be helped to a provisional view of the universe by the recently published Life of Darwin, and the works of Herbert S ...
... how to reconcile these [horrors of human and animal life] with the absolute goodness and nonlimitation of God” (Hardy 1928, 269). Upon this, Hardy replied : “Perhaps Dr. Grosart might be helped to a provisional view of the universe by the recently published Life of Darwin, and the works of Herbert S ...
Nonadaptive processes in primate and human evolution
... fates: natural selection and genetic drift. If we consider natural selection first, there are two predominant forms: purifying selection and positive selection. Purifying selection (or negative selection) removes deleterious variants from a population. Positive selection acts to drive beneficial varia ...
... fates: natural selection and genetic drift. If we consider natural selection first, there are two predominant forms: purifying selection and positive selection. Purifying selection (or negative selection) removes deleterious variants from a population. Positive selection acts to drive beneficial varia ...
Applied Evolutionary Epistemology: A new methodology to
... have therefore sought systematic ways in which evolutionary mechanisms can be “universalized’ in order for these to be applicable to a wide variety of traits that extend the gene; and they have sought ways to identify universal levels and units of selection such as the replicator (Dawkins 1976), int ...
... have therefore sought systematic ways in which evolutionary mechanisms can be “universalized’ in order for these to be applicable to a wide variety of traits that extend the gene; and they have sought ways to identify universal levels and units of selection such as the replicator (Dawkins 1976), int ...
Wallace: the Review, and Wallace: the Preview - TopSCHOLAR
... development of the field of biogeography, died one hundred years ago this month. A bit of reflection thus seems in order, and all the more so because this father figure represents more than just the ghost of a rich past. Indeed, it can be argued that we neither quite understand the full scope of his ...
... development of the field of biogeography, died one hundred years ago this month. A bit of reflection thus seems in order, and all the more so because this father figure represents more than just the ghost of a rich past. Indeed, it can be argued that we neither quite understand the full scope of his ...
Truth and Reconciliation for Group Selection
... might be restricted to individual organisms and that society might merely reflect their conflicts of interest. His partial solution meant that adaptations might exist above the level of individual organisms, but only if special conditions are met. In modern terms, adaptation at level x of the biolog ...
... might be restricted to individual organisms and that society might merely reflect their conflicts of interest. His partial solution meant that adaptations might exist above the level of individual organisms, but only if special conditions are met. In modern terms, adaptation at level x of the biolog ...
On Sexual Reproduction as a New Critique of the Theory of Natural
... because they would have a long time available for making copies of themselves. Replicators of high longevity would therefore tend to become more numerous and, other things being equal, there would have been an ‘evolutionary trend’ towards greater longevity in the population of molecules. But other t ...
... because they would have a long time available for making copies of themselves. Replicators of high longevity would therefore tend to become more numerous and, other things being equal, there would have been an ‘evolutionary trend’ towards greater longevity in the population of molecules. But other t ...
Stephen E - lundslaktare
... escalating. This is despite the general public having taken in its stride every other scientific revolution. It is even more remarkable considering that this same general public has been on the receiving end of a half-century of monopolistic presentation of evolution in schools and the media, that h ...
... escalating. This is despite the general public having taken in its stride every other scientific revolution. It is even more remarkable considering that this same general public has been on the receiving end of a half-century of monopolistic presentation of evolution in schools and the media, that h ...
Darwin - Fleming College
... Famously noted fourteen different types of finch, notably with different beaks In each instance particular beak seemed to best suite the capture of the bird’s prevalent food source, whether it be seeds, insects or fish Surmised that the birds had descended from a single parent species, rather than e ...
... Famously noted fourteen different types of finch, notably with different beaks In each instance particular beak seemed to best suite the capture of the bird’s prevalent food source, whether it be seeds, insects or fish Surmised that the birds had descended from a single parent species, rather than e ...
The Nature and Units of Social Selection
... Surprisingly many population processes in nature and at the social level involve subset selection. Molecules, cells, plants, moths, reindeer, and tigers are populations of biological interactors whose properties are altered by subset selection. Hard winters, hot summers, and various natural catastro ...
... Surprisingly many population processes in nature and at the social level involve subset selection. Molecules, cells, plants, moths, reindeer, and tigers are populations of biological interactors whose properties are altered by subset selection. Hard winters, hot summers, and various natural catastro ...
The Flamingo`s Smile - A Website About Stephen Jay Gould`s
... features existed because they assisted the hosts in reproducing in one of two ways: by out-competing other males of the same species for the opportunity to mate (e.g., big antlers), or by directly appealing to the preferences of individual females who could choose among several suitors (e.g., peaco ...
... features existed because they assisted the hosts in reproducing in one of two ways: by out-competing other males of the same species for the opportunity to mate (e.g., big antlers), or by directly appealing to the preferences of individual females who could choose among several suitors (e.g., peaco ...
Hen`s Teeth and Horse`s Toes
... be found in nature was natural theology [ELP 9, LMC 15]. Some of the ideas date back to antiquity, but the seminal document is William Paley’s 1802 book of this title. Natural theology, as opposed to revealed theology, was in part an attempt to reconcile the early flowering and findings of science w ...
... be found in nature was natural theology [ELP 9, LMC 15]. Some of the ideas date back to antiquity, but the seminal document is William Paley’s 1802 book of this title. Natural theology, as opposed to revealed theology, was in part an attempt to reconcile the early flowering and findings of science w ...
Bully for Brontosaurus - A Website About Stephen Jay Gould`s
... only might British-US relations have taken a different course, but he would not have lived to meet a different fate in 1822 – suicide. The relevance of this involves the fact that Lord Castlereagh’s nephew was none other than Robert FitzRoy, the captain of the HMS Beagle during Darwin’s 1831-36 voya ...
... only might British-US relations have taken a different course, but he would not have lived to meet a different fate in 1822 – suicide. The relevance of this involves the fact that Lord Castlereagh’s nephew was none other than Robert FitzRoy, the captain of the HMS Beagle during Darwin’s 1831-36 voya ...
Evolutionism : present approaches
... expansion of a preformed organism (this being the primary meaning of ‘evolution’ in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries); the associated theory of the pre-existence of germs, in connection with which the Swiss naturalist Charles Bonnet first applied ‘evolution’ not only to individual generation ...
... expansion of a preformed organism (this being the primary meaning of ‘evolution’ in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries); the associated theory of the pre-existence of germs, in connection with which the Swiss naturalist Charles Bonnet first applied ‘evolution’ not only to individual generation ...
35. A History of the Ecological Sciences, Part 35
... Darwin to accept Lamarck’s theory, Darwin was sufficiently impressed with Lamarck as a zoologist for him to make a copy of Lamarck’s classification of invertebrates from Système des animaux sans vertebres (1801) for his own use (Egerton 1976). An English army surgeon and later hospital administrator ...
... Darwin to accept Lamarck’s theory, Darwin was sufficiently impressed with Lamarck as a zoologist for him to make a copy of Lamarck’s classification of invertebrates from Système des animaux sans vertebres (1801) for his own use (Egerton 1976). An English army surgeon and later hospital administrator ...
Evolution - Krishikosh
... are interested in, knowledge of the evolution of living organisms and its causes is fundamental to their work. Th~ zoologist or botanist who is studying living animals or plants is faced with the fact that evolution is still going on among them, though the changes he is able to observe must be small ...
... are interested in, knowledge of the evolution of living organisms and its causes is fundamental to their work. Th~ zoologist or botanist who is studying living animals or plants is faced with the fact that evolution is still going on among them, though the changes he is able to observe must be small ...
A Parent`s Guide to
... Challenge assumptions: The more you study Darwinian evolution, the more you’ll discover that many of its claims are based upon assumptions, not hard facts. For example, universal common descent is often assumed rather than demonstrated by phylogenetic trees. The assumption of biological structures a ...
... Challenge assumptions: The more you study Darwinian evolution, the more you’ll discover that many of its claims are based upon assumptions, not hard facts. For example, universal common descent is often assumed rather than demonstrated by phylogenetic trees. The assumption of biological structures a ...
File
... What is evolution? A basic definition of evolution… “…evolution can be precisely defined as any change in the frequency of alleles within a gene pool from one generation to the next." - Helena Curtis and N. Sue Barnes, Biology, 5th ed. 1989 Worth Publishers, p.974 ...
... What is evolution? A basic definition of evolution… “…evolution can be precisely defined as any change in the frequency of alleles within a gene pool from one generation to the next." - Helena Curtis and N. Sue Barnes, Biology, 5th ed. 1989 Worth Publishers, p.974 ...
What Makes Biology Unique?
... the perennial Darwinian controversies may well have been caused by the confounding of the five separate theories into a single composite. Those interested in evolutionary theory or the philosophy and history of science will find useful ideas in this book, which should appeal to virtually anyone with ...
... the perennial Darwinian controversies may well have been caused by the confounding of the five separate theories into a single composite. Those interested in evolutionary theory or the philosophy and history of science will find useful ideas in this book, which should appeal to virtually anyone with ...
Young Children Can Be Taught Basic Natural Selection
... question posed at the book’s beginning: why did pilosas go from having highly variable trunk width in the past to having predominantly thin trunks nowadays? The explanation then unfolded, tightly causally connecting information on six natural selection concepts: trait variation within a population, ...
... question posed at the book’s beginning: why did pilosas go from having highly variable trunk width in the past to having predominantly thin trunks nowadays? The explanation then unfolded, tightly causally connecting information on six natural selection concepts: trait variation within a population, ...
Probabilistic causation and the explanatory role of natural selection
... 3. Explaining the propagation and maintenance of traits Since Darwin’s and Wallace’s (1858) and Darwin’s (1859) foundational works, the only consensus about the explanatory role of natural selection is that it explains the propagation of new mutant traits (and lost of the wild-type) and the maintena ...
... 3. Explaining the propagation and maintenance of traits Since Darwin’s and Wallace’s (1858) and Darwin’s (1859) foundational works, the only consensus about the explanatory role of natural selection is that it explains the propagation of new mutant traits (and lost of the wild-type) and the maintena ...
Why do individuals 4 and 5 have G rather than B
... virtue of explaining why the fourth member is an offspring of 3, natural selection contributes to the explanation of why the fourth member is a G-individual. What if selection were less than absolute, allowing 2 to generate a few offspring alongside 3? If the fourth member would still be one of 3’s ...
... virtue of explaining why the fourth member is an offspring of 3, natural selection contributes to the explanation of why the fourth member is a G-individual. What if selection were less than absolute, allowing 2 to generate a few offspring alongside 3? If the fourth member would still be one of 3’s ...
Bully for Brontosaurus - A Website About Stephen Jay Gould`s
... Off.” The author references work by Gould and colleague Jack Sepkoski to argue that not only will the species in question eventually become extinct anyway, but that this will lead to a larger diversity of new species in the future. The primary purpose of this essay is to address the all-too-common m ...
... Off.” The author references work by Gould and colleague Jack Sepkoski to argue that not only will the species in question eventually become extinct anyway, but that this will lead to a larger diversity of new species in the future. The primary purpose of this essay is to address the all-too-common m ...
The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex
The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex is a book by English naturalist Charles Darwin, first published in 1871, which applies evolutionary theory to human evolution, and details his theory of sexual selection, a form of biological adaptation distinct from, yet interconnected with, natural selection. The book discusses many related issues, including evolutionary psychology, evolutionary ethics, differences between human races, differences between sexes, the dominant role of women in mate choice, and the relevance of the evolutionary theory to society.