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... (e.g., the drought and bushfires of 1982-1983), deficient agricultural policies, low priority given to food production in the past, inadequate support for the agricultural sector, and an emphasis on capital-intensive ...
... (e.g., the drought and bushfires of 1982-1983), deficient agricultural policies, low priority given to food production in the past, inadequate support for the agricultural sector, and an emphasis on capital-intensive ...
Carbon Cycling, Climate Regulation, and Disturbances in Canadian
... lines, railways, and power lines) that fragment forests and influence much more land than the area they cover [8,12,15,16,38,46]. Other less prominent activities related to resource extraction also provide goods and income to Canadians [14,38,47]. In particular, the extraction of non-timber forest p ...
... lines, railways, and power lines) that fragment forests and influence much more land than the area they cover [8,12,15,16,38,46]. Other less prominent activities related to resource extraction also provide goods and income to Canadians [14,38,47]. In particular, the extraction of non-timber forest p ...
Combating Global Climate Change - University of Michigan Law
... and the inadequacy of historical efforts to combat global warming. This overview demonstrates the need for strong and immediate action to address climate change after such a long history of relative inaction, particularly in the United States. Part II discusses alternatives for reducing greenhouse g ...
... and the inadequacy of historical efforts to combat global warming. This overview demonstrates the need for strong and immediate action to address climate change after such a long history of relative inaction, particularly in the United States. Part II discusses alternatives for reducing greenhouse g ...
A CARBON EMISSIONS TAX AS A MITIGATING STRATEGY FOR
... 1.5 IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF THE PROPOSED STUDY At the 16th United Nations Climate Change Conference in Cancun, the world community committed itself to the objective of limiting the rise in global average temperature to no more than 2 degrees Celsius (°C) above pre-industrial levels to prevent fur ...
... 1.5 IMPORTANCE AND BENEFITS OF THE PROPOSED STUDY At the 16th United Nations Climate Change Conference in Cancun, the world community committed itself to the objective of limiting the rise in global average temperature to no more than 2 degrees Celsius (°C) above pre-industrial levels to prevent fur ...
The Role of Landscape Processes within the Climate System
... flux and water vapor exchange across global Fluxnet sites in forests, grasslands, crops, and tundra was pursued by Niyogi et al. (2004). They found that net carbon and net primary productivity uptake are greater under diffuse than under direct radiation conditions. The variability in seasonal plant ...
... flux and water vapor exchange across global Fluxnet sites in forests, grasslands, crops, and tundra was pursued by Niyogi et al. (2004). They found that net carbon and net primary productivity uptake are greater under diffuse than under direct radiation conditions. The variability in seasonal plant ...
Climate Models for the Layman - The Global Warming Policy
... calculated for each cell in the grid – repeatedly for each of the time steps that make up the simulation period.1 The number of cells in the grid system determines the model ‘resolution’ (or granularity), whereby each grid cell effectively has a uniform temperature, and so on. Common resolutions for ...
... calculated for each cell in the grid – repeatedly for each of the time steps that make up the simulation period.1 The number of cells in the grid system determines the model ‘resolution’ (or granularity), whereby each grid cell effectively has a uniform temperature, and so on. Common resolutions for ...
Post Paris: Australia`s climate policy options
... Several factors have contributed to closing this gap. These include an increased penetration of renewables in the electricity sector, a carry-over of emissions reduction credits from exceeding our first Kyoto Protocol target between 2008 and 2012,4 fewer ‘fugitive’ emissions due to a downturn in the ...
... Several factors have contributed to closing this gap. These include an increased penetration of renewables in the electricity sector, a carry-over of emissions reduction credits from exceeding our first Kyoto Protocol target between 2008 and 2012,4 fewer ‘fugitive’ emissions due to a downturn in the ...
NAPAs and NAPs in Least Developed Countries
... Support for NAP processes can encourage countries to prioritise and pursue “noregret” options. The Solomon Islands and Rwanda prioritise “no-regret” response measures that support enabling conditions and institutional environments, thus solidifying a base to support both climate adaptation and econo ...
... Support for NAP processes can encourage countries to prioritise and pursue “noregret” options. The Solomon Islands and Rwanda prioritise “no-regret” response measures that support enabling conditions and institutional environments, thus solidifying a base to support both climate adaptation and econo ...
Climate Action Plan - Walking Mountains Science Center
... As the impacts of climate change become evident around the world and international efforts to curb GHG emissions are more prevalent, many local communities have begun serious climate action planning to be part of the solution. The Eagle County Board of County Commissioners made “climate action plan ...
... As the impacts of climate change become evident around the world and international efforts to curb GHG emissions are more prevalent, many local communities have begun serious climate action planning to be part of the solution. The Eagle County Board of County Commissioners made “climate action plan ...
Climate sCienCe
... After a period of rapid temperature rise from around 1970, warming of the atmosphere slowed down or stopped over the last 15 years. From 1998 to 2012, the warming trend was between -0.05 and +0.15°C per decade.16 Because of internal variability in the climate system, such decade-long pauses are to b ...
... After a period of rapid temperature rise from around 1970, warming of the atmosphere slowed down or stopped over the last 15 years. From 1998 to 2012, the warming trend was between -0.05 and +0.15°C per decade.16 Because of internal variability in the climate system, such decade-long pauses are to b ...
1. The Ozone Layer
... Scientists predict that ozone depletion will reach its worst point during the next few years and then gradually decline until the ozone layer returns to normal around 2050, assuming that the Montreal Protocol is fully implemented. The ozone layer is currently in its most vulnerable state. Despite de ...
... Scientists predict that ozone depletion will reach its worst point during the next few years and then gradually decline until the ozone layer returns to normal around 2050, assuming that the Montreal Protocol is fully implemented. The ozone layer is currently in its most vulnerable state. Despite de ...
Terms of Reference for the Climate Support Facility under the GCCA
... accordance with EDF contract procedures and standard documents. ...
... accordance with EDF contract procedures and standard documents. ...
Final Programme
... stakeholders in debating this issue. It also highlights the responsibility of the UNFCCC signatories countries to develop and implement educational and public awareness programmes on climate change and its effects, to ensure public access to information, and to promote public participation in addres ...
... stakeholders in debating this issue. It also highlights the responsibility of the UNFCCC signatories countries to develop and implement educational and public awareness programmes on climate change and its effects, to ensure public access to information, and to promote public participation in addres ...
Chapter 5 - Government.se
... catchment area will generate more fresh water, which will affect the Baltic. There may also be somewhat less drainage into the Baltic from southerly catchments. More fresh water may have a dilutive effect, thereby reducing salinity. However, the critical factor governing salinity is the frequency an ...
... catchment area will generate more fresh water, which will affect the Baltic. There may also be somewhat less drainage into the Baltic from southerly catchments. More fresh water may have a dilutive effect, thereby reducing salinity. However, the critical factor governing salinity is the frequency an ...
Time series analyses reveal possible responses by the lichen
... units, and values are presented in Table 1. The convexity (θ) was initially set to 0.9 in the ...
... units, and values are presented in Table 1. The convexity (θ) was initially set to 0.9 in the ...
Biological Impacts of Climate Change
... Global climate is swiftly changing, with poorly known consequences for biodiversity and human well being. In the last 90 years Earth’s mean temperature rose 0.6°C, a rate of increase that has not been seen in 10,000 years. Since the mid-1990s, it has been clear that mean global temperature rose duri ...
... Global climate is swiftly changing, with poorly known consequences for biodiversity and human well being. In the last 90 years Earth’s mean temperature rose 0.6°C, a rate of increase that has not been seen in 10,000 years. Since the mid-1990s, it has been clear that mean global temperature rose duri ...
Risks, opportunities, and adaptation to climate change
... across regions. Further, as described in the 1997 IPCC Regional Impacts Assessment, climate change impacts on crops will likely result in sub-regional shifts in economic welfare (IPCC 1997). For example, under the climate scenario depicted in Fig. 3, farmers who plant corn in New England may experie ...
... across regions. Further, as described in the 1997 IPCC Regional Impacts Assessment, climate change impacts on crops will likely result in sub-regional shifts in economic welfare (IPCC 1997). For example, under the climate scenario depicted in Fig. 3, farmers who plant corn in New England may experie ...
A Review of the Stern Review on the Economics
... should undertake sharp and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. An examination of the Review’s radical revision of the economics of climate change finds, however, that it depends decisively on the assumption of a near-zero time discount rate combined with a specific utility function. Th ...
... should undertake sharp and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. An examination of the Review’s radical revision of the economics of climate change finds, however, that it depends decisively on the assumption of a near-zero time discount rate combined with a specific utility function. Th ...
Engaging state officials and agencies to advocate for landmark
... resources informed by the Nature Conservancy’s unique experience working with local communities on adapting to coastal climate change. And this, the third letter, provides sectorspecific comments in some detail. Collectively, we hope this tri-partite input from the Nature Conservancy will help the N ...
... resources informed by the Nature Conservancy’s unique experience working with local communities on adapting to coastal climate change. And this, the third letter, provides sectorspecific comments in some detail. Collectively, we hope this tri-partite input from the Nature Conservancy will help the N ...
Workshop report, 22-23 April 2010
... Headquarters, initiated a joint effort in 2009 to assist countries integrate climate change into their forestry sector. The focus is at policy level. It concerns the identification of needs to adjust existing policies, legislation, institutional frameworks and governance arrangements, through nation ...
... Headquarters, initiated a joint effort in 2009 to assist countries integrate climate change into their forestry sector. The focus is at policy level. It concerns the identification of needs to adjust existing policies, legislation, institutional frameworks and governance arrangements, through nation ...
Rapid Climate Change Science Plan
... between their projections (Cubasch et al, 2001), and at least two models show no change at all (Latif et al., 2000, Gent 2001). Hence, the climate research community is faced with both a challenge and an opportunity. There is a possibility that the North Atlantic THC will undergo changes that will r ...
... between their projections (Cubasch et al, 2001), and at least two models show no change at all (Latif et al., 2000, Gent 2001). Hence, the climate research community is faced with both a challenge and an opportunity. There is a possibility that the North Atlantic THC will undergo changes that will r ...
Briefing Paper: Climate Change and Health
... same time there is new evidence to support mitigation of climate change, not only for climate but for health reasons as well. Many interventions that reduce greenhouse emissions produce considerable and immediate health “co-benefits”. This is not just due to a reduction in classical greenhouse gases ...
... same time there is new evidence to support mitigation of climate change, not only for climate but for health reasons as well. Many interventions that reduce greenhouse emissions produce considerable and immediate health “co-benefits”. This is not just due to a reduction in classical greenhouse gases ...
Ireland’s Pathway to Kyoto Compliance Review of the National Climate Change
... response to global warming. The concept of partnership was central to the Strategy. At the domestic level, it identified necessary changes right across society. Every sector of the economy, and each of us as individuals, had a part to play. At the international level, the Strategy recognised that we ...
... response to global warming. The concept of partnership was central to the Strategy. At the domestic level, it identified necessary changes right across society. Every sector of the economy, and each of us as individuals, had a part to play. At the international level, the Strategy recognised that we ...
Mapping vulnerability to multiple stressors: climate change and
... in India that are ‘‘double exposed’’; and (4) conducting case studies in selected districts. This method may be used to assess differential vulnerability for any particular sector within a nation or region, and it can serve as a basis for targeting policy interventions. We focus on India’s agricultu ...
... in India that are ‘‘double exposed’’; and (4) conducting case studies in selected districts. This method may be used to assess differential vulnerability for any particular sector within a nation or region, and it can serve as a basis for targeting policy interventions. We focus on India’s agricultu ...
High Flows and Freshet Timing in Canada: Observed Trends CCRR
... descend from the peak freshet flow. Concurrent with decreasing freshet flow is an increase in water temperature signaling the onset of spawning. The highflow conditions also provide an opportunity for fishes to migrate upstream over obstacles that prevent passage during low flow conditions. Of conce ...
... descend from the peak freshet flow. Concurrent with decreasing freshet flow is an increase in water temperature signaling the onset of spawning. The highflow conditions also provide an opportunity for fishes to migrate upstream over obstacles that prevent passage during low flow conditions. Of conce ...
2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference
The 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference, commonly known as the Copenhagen Summit, was held at the Bella Center in Copenhagen, Denmark, between 7 and 18 December. The conference included the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the 5th Meeting of the Parties (MOP 5) to the Kyoto Protocol. According to the Bali Road Map, a framework for climate change mitigation beyond 2012 was to be agreed there.On Friday 18 December, the final day of the conference, international media reported that the climate talks were ""in disarray"". Media also reported that in lieu of a summit collapse, only a ""weak political statement"" was anticipated at the conclusion of the conference. The Copenhagen Accord was drafted by the United States, China, India, Brazil and South Africa on 18 December, and judged a ""meaningful agreement"" by the United States government. It was ""taken note of"", but not ""adopted"", in a debate of all the participating countries the next day, and it was not passed unanimously. The document recognised that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the present day and that actions should be taken to keep any temperature increases to below 2 °C. The document is not legally binding and does not contain any legally binding commitments for reducing CO2 emissions.In January 2014, documents leaked by Edward Snowden and published by Dagbladet Information revealed that the US government negotiators were in receipt of information during the conference that was being obtained by spying against other conference delegations. The US National Security Agency provided US delegates with advance details other delegations' positions, including the Danish plan to ""rescue"" the talks should they flounder. Members of the Danish negotiating team said that both the US and Chinese delegations were ""peculiarly well-informed"" about closed-door discussions: ""They simply sat back, just as we had feared they would if they knew about our document.""