Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) - Pat Arnott
... • How does BCA form? • Black carbon (BC, EC) aerosol is formed by high-temperature combustion reactions. The energetic environment liberates more hydrogen from the compound being burnt and the remaining carbon can easily form rings. • Brown carbon aerosol (BRC, OC) is formed in lower-temperature smo ...
... • How does BCA form? • Black carbon (BC, EC) aerosol is formed by high-temperature combustion reactions. The energetic environment liberates more hydrogen from the compound being burnt and the remaining carbon can easily form rings. • Brown carbon aerosol (BRC, OC) is formed in lower-temperature smo ...
VOLUNTARY CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE PROGRAM
... carbon dioxide from fleet vehicles and space heating. Further details of the direct sources of greenhouse gases from Company facilities are provided in section 1.1. The total estimated net indirect greenhouse gas emissions for power consumed by the Company in 1997 was 63,382 tonnes (expressed as car ...
... carbon dioxide from fleet vehicles and space heating. Further details of the direct sources of greenhouse gases from Company facilities are provided in section 1.1. The total estimated net indirect greenhouse gas emissions for power consumed by the Company in 1997 was 63,382 tonnes (expressed as car ...
Official PDF , 28 pages
... Beyond these general effects, the consensus dissipates. Earth's atmospheric physics and chemistry are complicated and not well understood; neither is the relationship between the atmosphere and the oceans nor that between climate and the biosphere (all forms of life). As a result, few agree on the ...
... Beyond these general effects, the consensus dissipates. Earth's atmospheric physics and chemistry are complicated and not well understood; neither is the relationship between the atmosphere and the oceans nor that between climate and the biosphere (all forms of life). As a result, few agree on the ...
Update on the Carbon Mitigation Initiative Robert Socolow Princeton
... special attention to climate change, is in its second of three years. It links faculty across natural science, engineering, economics, politics, psychology, and ethics. It has just held a workshop on Ethics of Risk and Climate Change. The Climate and Energy Challenge has been refunded by Princeton U ...
... special attention to climate change, is in its second of three years. It links faculty across natural science, engineering, economics, politics, psychology, and ethics. It has just held a workshop on Ethics of Risk and Climate Change. The Climate and Energy Challenge has been refunded by Princeton U ...
Update on the Carbon Mitigation Initiative Robert Socolow
... special attention to climate change, is in its second of three years. It links faculty across natural science, engineering, economics, politics, psychology, and ethics. It has just held a workshop on Ethics of Risk and Climate Change. The Climate and Energy Challenge has been refunded by Princeton U ...
... special attention to climate change, is in its second of three years. It links faculty across natural science, engineering, economics, politics, psychology, and ethics. It has just held a workshop on Ethics of Risk and Climate Change. The Climate and Energy Challenge has been refunded by Princeton U ...
understanding climate science - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... in terms of the mean and range of variability of natural factors such as temperature, rainfall and wind speed. More broadly, the climate is a system involving highly complex interactions between the atmosphere, the oceans, the water cycle, ice, snow and frozen ground, the land surface and living org ...
... in terms of the mean and range of variability of natural factors such as temperature, rainfall and wind speed. More broadly, the climate is a system involving highly complex interactions between the atmosphere, the oceans, the water cycle, ice, snow and frozen ground, the land surface and living org ...
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Observations and Climate Change on
... and/or inadequate adaptive capacity. Stabilization Targets for Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Concentrations U.S. National Research Council, 2010 ...
... and/or inadequate adaptive capacity. Stabilization Targets for Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Concentrations U.S. National Research Council, 2010 ...
Nitrogen pollution and climate change reduce carbon storage and
... sensitivity of peatland species to climate change. The Ramsar Convention highlighted the importance of wetlands for climate in its Guidelines for Global Action on Peatlands in 2008. Similarly, the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy includes the protection and restoration of Europe’s peatlands to safeguar ...
... sensitivity of peatland species to climate change. The Ramsar Convention highlighted the importance of wetlands for climate in its Guidelines for Global Action on Peatlands in 2008. Similarly, the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy includes the protection and restoration of Europe’s peatlands to safeguar ...
ppt
... • Each state goal is expressed as a rate (pounds of CO2 per MWh) – a statewide number for the future carbon intensity of covered existing fossil-fuel-fired power plants in a state • The state rate goal is calculated to account for the mix of power sources in each state and the application of four “b ...
... • Each state goal is expressed as a rate (pounds of CO2 per MWh) – a statewide number for the future carbon intensity of covered existing fossil-fuel-fired power plants in a state • The state rate goal is calculated to account for the mix of power sources in each state and the application of four “b ...
Climate and carbon cycle models in Integrated Assessment Models
... Figure 2 depicts a highly simplified scheme of the coupled climate-carbon cycle-socioeconomic system as implemented into various IAMs. Some of the most pertinent couplings are identified by red arrows and carbon fluxes indicated in blue. Fossil fuel use and land use change by humans cause atmospheri ...
... Figure 2 depicts a highly simplified scheme of the coupled climate-carbon cycle-socioeconomic system as implemented into various IAMs. Some of the most pertinent couplings are identified by red arrows and carbon fluxes indicated in blue. Fossil fuel use and land use change by humans cause atmospheri ...
Resources: - Real Science
... locations, the warming from the albedo effect either _______ or exceeds the net cooling from the other two _______.” Other researchers from the Carnegie Institution, Stanford and Université ___________ II, France also contributed to the report. The authors state ______ that cutting down trees outsi ...
... locations, the warming from the albedo effect either _______ or exceeds the net cooling from the other two _______.” Other researchers from the Carnegie Institution, Stanford and Université ___________ II, France also contributed to the report. The authors state ______ that cutting down trees outsi ...
Leicestershire Together Draft Carbon Reduction Strategy
... The UK Government has set targets for GHG reduction in the Carbon Plan that states the UK will reduce carbon emissions by 34% by 2020 compared to levels in 1990. Central government has and continues to develop the policy framework to meet this target. For instance they have created fiscal incentives ...
... The UK Government has set targets for GHG reduction in the Carbon Plan that states the UK will reduce carbon emissions by 34% by 2020 compared to levels in 1990. Central government has and continues to develop the policy framework to meet this target. For instance they have created fiscal incentives ...
Emissions Trading Development & Evolution of ETS Dr. Ken Macken Programme Manager
... Revision of the EU Emissions Trading Directive (EU ETS); A Decision on the sharing of efforts to meet the Community's independent greenhouse gas reduction commitment in sectors not covered by the EU emissions trading system (such as transport, buildings, services, smaller industrial installation ...
... Revision of the EU Emissions Trading Directive (EU ETS); A Decision on the sharing of efforts to meet the Community's independent greenhouse gas reduction commitment in sectors not covered by the EU emissions trading system (such as transport, buildings, services, smaller industrial installation ...
5.8.2 Growing season for agricultural crops - Eionet Forum
... frequency of extreme events (floods, hurricanes, heat waves, severe droughts) (Parry, 2000). Biomass production of plants, and thus crop yields, are fundamentally determined by climatic conditions, i.e. the stable availability of energy (radiation, temperature) and water (rain) to support growth. Ot ...
... frequency of extreme events (floods, hurricanes, heat waves, severe droughts) (Parry, 2000). Biomass production of plants, and thus crop yields, are fundamentally determined by climatic conditions, i.e. the stable availability of energy (radiation, temperature) and water (rain) to support growth. Ot ...
Cool Counties Policies and Programs Template
... 2. Adopt an emissions reduction target. In the Cool Counties Declaration, individual counties pledge to “create an inventory of county government (operational) greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions and implement policies, programs and operations to achieve significant, measurable and sustainable reductio ...
... 2. Adopt an emissions reduction target. In the Cool Counties Declaration, individual counties pledge to “create an inventory of county government (operational) greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions and implement policies, programs and operations to achieve significant, measurable and sustainable reductio ...
Carbon Credits Program - Southern Section Air & Waste
... Costs for Addressing Climate Change … A national policy to cut carbon emissions by as much as 40 percent over the next 20 years could still result in increased economic growth, according to an interactive Web site that reviews 25 of the leading economic models used to predict the economic impacts ...
... Costs for Addressing Climate Change … A national policy to cut carbon emissions by as much as 40 percent over the next 20 years could still result in increased economic growth, according to an interactive Web site that reviews 25 of the leading economic models used to predict the economic impacts ...
The Importance of Carbon Footprint Estimation
... of their footprinting strategy to ensure that they do not ignore large sources of environmental effects across their supply chains. Such information can help firms pursue carbon and environmental emission mitigation projects not only within their own plants but also across their supply chain. ...
... of their footprinting strategy to ensure that they do not ignore large sources of environmental effects across their supply chains. Such information can help firms pursue carbon and environmental emission mitigation projects not only within their own plants but also across their supply chain. ...
Essentials of a Carbon Tax for Canada
... as a whole. For instance, the coverage of an emitting activity under the umbrella of a carbon tax precludes the need for carbon offsets, which invariably include undue costs associated with monitoring and additionality.5 Moreover, every emitting activity that is exempt from the carbon tax is effecti ...
... as a whole. For instance, the coverage of an emitting activity under the umbrella of a carbon tax precludes the need for carbon offsets, which invariably include undue costs associated with monitoring and additionality.5 Moreover, every emitting activity that is exempt from the carbon tax is effecti ...
Management & Engineering The Design of Carbon Tax Framework in China
... than the private cost of producers, negative externalities of production leads to social costs less than the private cost of producers; Negative externalities of consumption leads to social value less than the private value of consumer, negative externalities of consumption leads to social value gre ...
... than the private cost of producers, negative externalities of production leads to social costs less than the private cost of producers; Negative externalities of consumption leads to social value less than the private value of consumer, negative externalities of consumption leads to social value gre ...
Memorandum for His Excellency Judge Shi
... Medium term target for the EU to reduce emissions by 20% below 1990 levels by 2020, lifting this to 30% if a satisfactory global agreement on reducing worldwide emissions after 2012 is reached. ...
... Medium term target for the EU to reduce emissions by 20% below 1990 levels by 2020, lifting this to 30% if a satisfactory global agreement on reducing worldwide emissions after 2012 is reached. ...
Aviva`s strategic response to climate change
... sufficient progress towards the engagement goals set. This decision will not be taken lightly and only where we believe that divestment is a balanced and proportionate response. We have identified an initial set of 40 companies where Aviva has beneficial holdings and which have more than 30% of thei ...
... sufficient progress towards the engagement goals set. This decision will not be taken lightly and only where we believe that divestment is a balanced and proportionate response. We have identified an initial set of 40 companies where Aviva has beneficial holdings and which have more than 30% of thei ...
Republic of Korea’s Framework Act on Low Carbon, Considerations for replicating
... Despite a number of environmental protection laws,1 the Republic of Korea’s national policy strongly focused on economic growth and industrialization until the mid-1990s, when the Government first recognized the importance of sustainable development. The Framework Act on Sustainable Development foll ...
... Despite a number of environmental protection laws,1 the Republic of Korea’s national policy strongly focused on economic growth and industrialization until the mid-1990s, when the Government first recognized the importance of sustainable development. The Framework Act on Sustainable Development foll ...
Committee on Climate Change: Review of the fourth carbon budget
... B. EU discussions on 2030 target and pathways through 2020s Building on its Roadmap, the EC published a Green Paper5 in March 2013, which highlighted the cost-effective path through 2030 would be a 40% reduction in EU emissions on 1990, and consulted on EU 2030 ambition. The UK‟s response to the Gr ...
... B. EU discussions on 2030 target and pathways through 2020s Building on its Roadmap, the EC published a Green Paper5 in March 2013, which highlighted the cost-effective path through 2030 would be a 40% reduction in EU emissions on 1990, and consulted on EU 2030 ambition. The UK‟s response to the Gr ...
Climate-friendly gardening
Climate-friendly gardening is gardening in ways which reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from gardens and encourage the absorption of carbon dioxide by soils and plants in order to aid the reduction of global warming.To be a climate-friendly gardener means considering both what happens in a garden and the materials brought into it and the impact they have on land use and climate.It can also include garden features or activities in the garden that help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions elsewhere.