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Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)

... Uses For Vitamin D3 Bone Health: Vitamin D promotes intestinal calcium and phosphorous absorption and reduces urinary calcium loss, essential mechanisms for maintaining proper calcium levels in the body and for healthy bone composition. Clinical studies involving vitamin D supplementation suggest th ...
Fat sol vitamins and vit C
Fat sol vitamins and vit C

... broccoli, spinach and other leafy greens, cabbage, green and red peppers, and cauliflower are excellent sources of Vitamin C. ...
Micronutrients - Food a fact of life
Micronutrients - Food a fact of life

... Vitamin E (Tocopherol) Vitamin E is a group of similar molecules with common properties and functions. The exact functions are not clear, but it is suggested that they protects against heart disease and also help cell membrane maintenance. Vitamin E is mainly found in vegetable oils, wheat germ, eg ...
Micronutrients - Food a fact of life
Micronutrients - Food a fact of life

... Vitamin E (Tocopherol) Vitamin E is a group of similar molecules with common properties and functions. The exact functions are not clear, but it is suggested that they protects against heart disease and also help cell membrane maintenance. Vitamin E is mainly found in vegetable oils, wheat germ, eg ...
Iodimetric Determination of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in Citrus Fruits
Iodimetric Determination of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in Citrus Fruits

... disease that killed as many as 2 million sailors between 1500 and 1800 [1 ]. The use of lime for the prevention of spoilage of palm oil on storage had for long been in practice among the traditional farmers, especially in the western part of Nigeria. W ithout any formal education they knew that lime ...
Taking Your Vitamins after Weight Loss Surgery Necessities for
Taking Your Vitamins after Weight Loss Surgery Necessities for

... AGB: chewable or liquid MVI 2xday (100% daily value [DV] for at least 2/3 of nutrients) Bypass, DS, Sleeve: chewable or liquid MVI 2xday (200% daily value [DV] for at least 2/3 of nutrients 2x daily) *Avoid children’s vitamins* ...
water soluble vitamins 2
water soluble vitamins 2

... Meat and offal Oatmeal, breakfast cereals Wheatgerm Fortified white flour Milk Eggs Vegetables MACalvey/Teachnet/Vitamins 2006 ...
vitamin d - Rose Creek Farms
vitamin d - Rose Creek Farms

... including the vitamins [A and D] needed for rendering the minerals in the food available to the human system. It is possible to starve for minerals that are abundant in the foods eaten because they cannot be utilized without an adequate quantity of the fat-soluble activators. ...
61KB - NZQA
61KB - NZQA

... Foundation is the most credible because it is widely known as a non-profit organisation. Rose Carr is a well-known dietitian who would have received money for her article; however, she is not trying to sell anything. The information provided by Bioglan® Serious Health uses nutritional information in ...
The Water-Soluble Vitamins
The Water-Soluble Vitamins

Chemicals in Our Bodies and Our Environment: Vitamins, Food
Chemicals in Our Bodies and Our Environment: Vitamins, Food

... humans, especially infants and children, that could result from eating foods contaminated with these chemicals, pesticide sale and use is regulated. 64. Businesses that consider insecticides important to their economic well being include farmers, citrus growers, governments and municipalities intere ...
Option A - IBperiod5
Option A - IBperiod5

... Without getting the essential amino acids in our diet, certain proteins cannot be made, which causes a number of diseases. This results in such diseases as kwashiorkor, which afflicts over 10 million children in developing countries. It causes such things as mental retardation, apathy, and failure t ...
Nutraceutical support for dogs and cats with gastrointestinal problems
Nutraceutical support for dogs and cats with gastrointestinal problems

Vitamin A - E
Vitamin A - E

... Minerals are inorganic chemical elements that the body needs for healthy growth and metabolism. They are also involved in making hormones and enzymes. Minerals are just as important as vitamins, and in fact work in conjunction with vitamins to perform many bodily functions such as bone formation, he ...
Vitamin B-6
Vitamin B-6

... Rimm EB, et al. Folate andvitamin B-6 from diet and supplements in relation to risk of coronary heart disease among women. JAMA. ...
Neurology
Neurology

... Zinc increase brain dopamine, thought that there is a zinc deficiency in ADHD. Tyrosine is a precursor to dopamine. Theanine and alpha lipoic acid also increase ...
nutrition 5 for students
nutrition 5 for students

... They are typically liquid at room temperature Intake is correlated with reduced production of LDLs Intake is correlated with increased production of HDLs The recommended intake is <7-10% of dietary intake. ...
hearthealthNotes
hearthealthNotes

... (small) hemorrhage in the layers of the arteries. This creates an immune healing reaction with the body’s natural band-aid – cholesterol and calcium. Vitamin C comes in a complex and ascorbic acid is only 1 part. Taking large doses of ascorbic acid will create a deficiency of vitamin C complex. ...
Roth 10 e
Roth 10 e

... 2. In reviewing a client’s medical record, the nurse notes the client is unable to produce intrinsic factor. The nurse is concerned that this problem could result in the client developing an anemia related to deficiency of what vitamin(s)? a. vitamin B1 d. vitamin B12 b. vitamin B2 e. vitamin A c. v ...
Nutrition II Resident - Stony Brook University School of Medicine
Nutrition II Resident - Stony Brook University School of Medicine

... E. vitamin C Strict vegan diets include foods that come solely from plant sources. Such diets generally contain adequate amounts of vitamins A and C as well as essential fatty acids (including linoleic acid). However, a strict vegan diet instituted after weaning contains very little vitamin B12, a n ...
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Micronutrients - Food a fact of life
Micronutrients - Food a fact of life

... required for the normal structure and function of body tissues, such as skin, cartilage and bones. It also acts as an antioxidant that protects the body from damage by free radicals. Sources of ascorbic acid include fresh fruits, especially citrus fruits and berries, green vegetables, peppers and to ...
September 2013
September 2013

... and K, are stored in your body. Since these vitamins are not excreted from the body, they can build up to toxic levels when taken in large amounts. Minerals are usually stored in muscle and bone and can also be toxic to the body when taken in high doses. Most people have heard the words antioxidants ...
Session 4 PowerPoint Presentation
Session 4 PowerPoint Presentation

... Usually reduced in vitamins for older adults Essential part of hemoglobin Helps in brain development Supports a healthy immune system Deficiency: anemia, fatigue, infections Too much: hemachromatosis – enlarged liver, ...
Information - Greyhound Products Direct
Information - Greyhound Products Direct

... and folic acid help ensure the dietary intake is adequate. This is important where white meat based diets, such as chicken or fish, which are low in these nutrients, are required to meet the higher demands for red blood cell synthesis to carry oxygen to rapidly contracting muscles during a race. ...
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Vitamin B12



Vitamin B12, vitamin B12 or vitamin B-12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of blood. It is one of the eight B vitamins. It is normally involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body, especially affecting DNA synthesis and regulation, but also fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Neither fungi, plants, nor animals (including humans) are capable of producing vitamin B12. Only bacteria and archaea have the enzymes required for its synthesis, although many foods are a natural source of B12 because of bacterial symbiosis. The vitamin is the largest and most structurally complicated vitamin and can be produced industrially only through bacterial fermentation-synthesis.Vitamin B12 consists of a class of chemically related compounds (vitamers), all of which have vitamin activity. It contains the biochemically rare element cobalt sitting in the center of a planar tetra-pyrrole ring called a corrin ring. Biosynthesis of the basic structure of the vitamin is accomplished only by bacteria and archaea (which usually produce hydroxocobalamin), but conversion between different forms of the vitamin can be accomplished in the human body. A common semi-synthetic form of the vitamin is cyanocobalamin, which does not occur in nature but is produced from bacterial hydroxocobalamin. Because of its stability and lower production cost, this form is then used in many pharmaceuticals and supplements as well as a food additive. In the body it is converted to the human physiological forms methylcobalamin and 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, leaving behind the cyanide ion, albeit in a minimal concentration. More recently, hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamin, and adenosylcobalamin can be found in more expensive pharmacological products and food supplements. Their extra utility is currently debated.Vitamin B12 was discovered from its relationship to disease pernicious anemia, which is an autoimmune disease in which parietal cells of the stomach responsible for secreting intrinsic factor are destroyed (these cells are also responsible for secreting acid in the stomach). Because intrinsic factor is crucial for the normal absorption of B12, its lack in pernicious anemia causes a vitamin B12 deficiency. Many other subtler kinds of vitamin B12 deficiency and their biochemical effects have since been elucidated.
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