Drought in the United States: Causes and Current Understanding
... bear associated costs. Severe droughts in 2011 and 2012 in Texas and the midcontinent region, the current drought in California and parts of other western states, and 15 years of dry conditions in the Southwest have fueled congressional interest in drought and its near-term effects on water supplies ...
... bear associated costs. Severe droughts in 2011 and 2012 in Texas and the midcontinent region, the current drought in California and parts of other western states, and 15 years of dry conditions in the Southwest have fueled congressional interest in drought and its near-term effects on water supplies ...
spatial variability of plant functional types of trees along northeast
... there is no classification of plant function types which can meet criterion for all different researches [19]. The assumption which it is now generally agreed is that functional types must be defined by reference to both demographic criteria and those features of life history, physiology and biochem ...
... there is no classification of plant function types which can meet criterion for all different researches [19]. The assumption which it is now generally agreed is that functional types must be defined by reference to both demographic criteria and those features of life history, physiology and biochem ...
Review of Current and Planned Adaptation Action: Central America
... abundantly, from the Pacific coast, where the year is split into a dry and wet season (CCAD and SICA, 2010). In Mexico, rainfall is lower in its temperate northern regions (SEMARNAT, 2010). Inter-annual climate variability is highly influenced by movement of the ITCZ and the El Niño Southern Oscilla ...
... abundantly, from the Pacific coast, where the year is split into a dry and wet season (CCAD and SICA, 2010). In Mexico, rainfall is lower in its temperate northern regions (SEMARNAT, 2010). Inter-annual climate variability is highly influenced by movement of the ITCZ and the El Niño Southern Oscilla ...
Survey of Climate Change Considerations in Federal Environmental
... Federal agencies generally do account for climate change when conducting environmental reviews of projects that will generate GHG emissions or be affected by climate-related phenomena such as sea level rise. Of the 238 federal EISs reviewed in this survey, 214 (90%) contained some discussion of GHG ...
... Federal agencies generally do account for climate change when conducting environmental reviews of projects that will generate GHG emissions or be affected by climate-related phenomena such as sea level rise. Of the 238 federal EISs reviewed in this survey, 214 (90%) contained some discussion of GHG ...
Tracking phenological shifts and evolutionary impacts related to
... flowering response initiated by drought-breaking rains. This study also allowed a comparison to be made between Pyrus phenology in the northern and southern ...
... flowering response initiated by drought-breaking rains. This study also allowed a comparison to be made between Pyrus phenology in the northern and southern ...
Seasonality of climate-human mortality relationships in US cities and
... general, winter-mortality rates are significantly higher than summer rates. The observed winterdominant warming pattern, which has been linked to increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations, has led some researchers to propose future mortality decreases, while others contend that increasing heat-relate ...
... general, winter-mortality rates are significantly higher than summer rates. The observed winterdominant warming pattern, which has been linked to increasing greenhouse-gas concentrations, has led some researchers to propose future mortality decreases, while others contend that increasing heat-relate ...
Working Paper 170 - Doda 2014 (opens in new window)
... mechanisms in order to alleviate the impacts of climate change. It has received increasing attention by economists and the public but remains deeply controversial. This paper studies the potential benets from geoengineering in a standard one-sector growth model augmented with a carbon cycle and a c ...
... mechanisms in order to alleviate the impacts of climate change. It has received increasing attention by economists and the public but remains deeply controversial. This paper studies the potential benets from geoengineering in a standard one-sector growth model augmented with a carbon cycle and a c ...
Why is geoengineering so tempting?
... mechanisms in order to alleviate the impacts of climate change. It has received increasing attention by economists and the public but remains deeply controversial. This paper studies the potential benets from geoengineering in a standard one-sector growth model augmented with a carbon cycle and a c ...
... mechanisms in order to alleviate the impacts of climate change. It has received increasing attention by economists and the public but remains deeply controversial. This paper studies the potential benets from geoengineering in a standard one-sector growth model augmented with a carbon cycle and a c ...
Climate Proofing: A Risk-based Approach to Adaptation
... Adaptation (to climate variability and change) – Policies, actions, and other initiatives designed to limit the potential adverse impacts arising from climate variability and change (including extreme events), and exploit any positive consequences. Adaptive capacity – The potential for adjustments, ...
... Adaptation (to climate variability and change) – Policies, actions, and other initiatives designed to limit the potential adverse impacts arising from climate variability and change (including extreme events), and exploit any positive consequences. Adaptive capacity – The potential for adjustments, ...
Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations
... evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, with very few recent models below 2°. Difficulties in simulating Earth’s clouds and their response to climate change are the fundamental reasons preventing a reduction in this range in model-generated climate sensitivity. Othe ...
... evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, with very few recent models below 2°. Difficulties in simulating Earth’s clouds and their response to climate change are the fundamental reasons preventing a reduction in this range in model-generated climate sensitivity. Othe ...
Potential for Abrupt Changes in Atmospheric Methane
... tropospheric ozone (O3), contribute indirectly to radiative forcing, increasing methane’s total contribution to ~0.7 W m-2 (e.g., Hansen and Sato, 2001), nearly half of that for carbon dioxide (CO2) . Increases in methane emissions can also increase the methane lifetime and the lifetimes of other ga ...
... tropospheric ozone (O3), contribute indirectly to radiative forcing, increasing methane’s total contribution to ~0.7 W m-2 (e.g., Hansen and Sato, 2001), nearly half of that for carbon dioxide (CO2) . Increases in methane emissions can also increase the methane lifetime and the lifetimes of other ga ...
National Integrated Mitigation Planning in Agriculture: A guidance document
... undernourished (FAOb, 2012). In a world in which the global demand for food and food security is increasing, there are concerns about the impacts of climate change on future food production and availability (Beddington et al., 2012; FAO, 2009). Agriculture is also a source of GHGs that drive climate ...
... undernourished (FAOb, 2012). In a world in which the global demand for food and food security is increasing, there are concerns about the impacts of climate change on future food production and availability (Beddington et al., 2012; FAO, 2009). Agriculture is also a source of GHGs that drive climate ...
Climate change detection in natural systems by
... analysis. In particular it seeks to detect changes in temperature and biological systems (vegetation; phenology of plants) and intends to improve the understanding of responses to climate change with the help of the Bayesian analysis. This PhD is segmented into three leading questions: (1) What are ...
... analysis. In particular it seeks to detect changes in temperature and biological systems (vegetation; phenology of plants) and intends to improve the understanding of responses to climate change with the help of the Bayesian analysis. This PhD is segmented into three leading questions: (1) What are ...
Global Climate Models and Their Limitations
... degree of measurement error or uncertainty associated with the initial conditions at the commencement of the forecast period. This uncertainty and its impact on the flow evolution can be measured by using differential equations and then making multiple runs of the model with slight variations in ini ...
... degree of measurement error or uncertainty associated with the initial conditions at the commencement of the forecast period. This uncertainty and its impact on the flow evolution can be measured by using differential equations and then making multiple runs of the model with slight variations in ini ...
Climate-driven trends in mean and high flows from a network of
... attribution of trends. Where a station was found to be drained, the post-drainage record was included for consideration and close attention paid to the comparison of trends from other non-drained stations to check for consistency. Only where there were no obvious inconsistencies with trends identifi ...
... attribution of trends. Where a station was found to be drained, the post-drainage record was included for consideration and close attention paid to the comparison of trends from other non-drained stations to check for consistency. Only where there were no obvious inconsistencies with trends identifi ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity, Ecosystems
... 4.1. Introduction: What are ecosystem services and why do they matter? ............................. 4-2 4.2. What are observed impacts of recent climate change on ecosystem services and their value? .................................................................................................... ...
... 4.1. Introduction: What are ecosystem services and why do they matter? ............................. 4-2 4.2. What are observed impacts of recent climate change on ecosystem services and their value? .................................................................................................... ...
TITLE OF THE ABSTRACT
... Climate Forces (black carbon, ozone, etc.) and feedback mechanisms (reduced albedo and increased heat adsorption) have been documented in the latest reports (AMAP 2011b & c?). Climate models predict temperature increases that may have a dramatic effect on the ice and snow conditions in large parts o ...
... Climate Forces (black carbon, ozone, etc.) and feedback mechanisms (reduced albedo and increased heat adsorption) have been documented in the latest reports (AMAP 2011b & c?). Climate models predict temperature increases that may have a dramatic effect on the ice and snow conditions in large parts o ...
Land-Atmosphere Coupling and Drought Persistence in
... vulnerabilities associated with climate change. In their summary for policy makers, the WGII expects drought-affected areas to expand, identifying Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and North America as regions sensitive to increasing drought due to water resources stress, proliferation of drought- ...
... vulnerabilities associated with climate change. In their summary for policy makers, the WGII expects drought-affected areas to expand, identifying Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and North America as regions sensitive to increasing drought due to water resources stress, proliferation of drought- ...
Workshop Proceedings Report: South Asia Media Workshop
... change adaptation” is entering both the lexicon and the policy realm in developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region, be it Thailand, where adaptation to climate change is being practiced by the people of Sapanhin sub-district or the Binh Dinh province of Viet Nam, where it is all set to be integ ...
... change adaptation” is entering both the lexicon and the policy realm in developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region, be it Thailand, where adaptation to climate change is being practiced by the people of Sapanhin sub-district or the Binh Dinh province of Viet Nam, where it is all set to be integ ...
Planning instruments
... coasts and climate change in coastal cities and regions The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 5th Assessment Report concluded that climate change will have significant implications for cities and coastal development (IPCC 2014). For Australia, the impacts include warmer coastal futures, incl ...
... coasts and climate change in coastal cities and regions The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 5th Assessment Report concluded that climate change will have significant implications for cities and coastal development (IPCC 2014). For Australia, the impacts include warmer coastal futures, incl ...
Reducing subsistence farmers` vulnerability to climate change:
... Agroforestry, or the intentional use of trees in the cropping system, has been proposed by many development practitioners as a potential strategy to help farmers reduce their vulnerability to climate change. From field research conducted in western Kenya, this study investigates how recent climate-r ...
... Agroforestry, or the intentional use of trees in the cropping system, has been proposed by many development practitioners as a potential strategy to help farmers reduce their vulnerability to climate change. From field research conducted in western Kenya, this study investigates how recent climate-r ...
The Effect of Long-Term Drainage on Plant Community Composition
... linked to site hydrology. Water inputs determine nutrient availability, which has strong controls on floral community composition. Additionally, water table position is an important regulator of peat accumulation, vegetation productivity, and decomposition. ...
... linked to site hydrology. Water inputs determine nutrient availability, which has strong controls on floral community composition. Additionally, water table position is an important regulator of peat accumulation, vegetation productivity, and decomposition. ...
Climate-Induced Population Movement: The Issue
... internally or externally, due to the impacts of climate change (such as sea-level rise, increasing intensity of storms and droughts, flooding and natural disasters) therefore adds tremendously to contemporary challenges. According to scientific estimations, the number of those likely to relocate due ...
... internally or externally, due to the impacts of climate change (such as sea-level rise, increasing intensity of storms and droughts, flooding and natural disasters) therefore adds tremendously to contemporary challenges. According to scientific estimations, the number of those likely to relocate due ...
PDF
... damages in 2030 and, over the longer term, may account for up to two-thirds‖. For simplicity, we take the unavoidable damages as 0.2 for our parameter in equation (6). Moreover, Parry et al. (2009) stated that avoiding the first 10% of damage will be disproportionately cheaper than the other 90%. ...
... damages in 2030 and, over the longer term, may account for up to two-thirds‖. For simplicity, we take the unavoidable damages as 0.2 for our parameter in equation (6). Moreover, Parry et al. (2009) stated that avoiding the first 10% of damage will be disproportionately cheaper than the other 90%. ...