Pacific Island Mangroves in a Changing Climate and Rising Sea
... Regional Seas Programme and Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council. The authors are grateful for information provided by Taakena Redfern and Aberee Bauro of the Republic of Kiribati Ministry of Environment, Land, and Agricultural Development; Frank Dayton of the U.S. Army Corps of Engin ...
... Regional Seas Programme and Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council. The authors are grateful for information provided by Taakena Redfern and Aberee Bauro of the Republic of Kiribati Ministry of Environment, Land, and Agricultural Development; Frank Dayton of the U.S. Army Corps of Engin ...
PDF (Author`s version)
... et al. 2011), and geothermal (Friberg et al. 2009) gradients have generally shown faster litter decomposition under higher temperatures. However, it is usually difficult in these studies to disentangle the effects of temperature from those associated with water chemistry and biogeography. Also, the ...
... et al. 2011), and geothermal (Friberg et al. 2009) gradients have generally shown faster litter decomposition under higher temperatures. However, it is usually difficult in these studies to disentangle the effects of temperature from those associated with water chemistry and biogeography. Also, the ...
The effects of a changing climate on root respiration of woody plants
... root respiration were investigated. In areas of increased and also decreased water levels, there were increases in the CO2 efflux from ecosystem fine root respiration. These studies show the importance of investigating further the impacts climate change may have on C balance in northern ecosystems. ...
... root respiration were investigated. In areas of increased and also decreased water levels, there were increases in the CO2 efflux from ecosystem fine root respiration. These studies show the importance of investigating further the impacts climate change may have on C balance in northern ecosystems. ...
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE TRANSPORTATION MODES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
... different projections and models are available, there is no consensus as to which projections of SLR would be most appropriate to evaluate the vulnerability of transportation infrastructure. This research includes a comprehensive literature review and analysis of SLR projections, studies, models, an ...
... different projections and models are available, there is no consensus as to which projections of SLR would be most appropriate to evaluate the vulnerability of transportation infrastructure. This research includes a comprehensive literature review and analysis of SLR projections, studies, models, an ...
The exchange of carbon dioxide between wet arctic - HAL-Insu
... were measured with a sonic anemometer (Solent R3, Gill Instruments Ltd., UK) at a height of 3.65 m above ground level. The concentration of H2 O and CO2 were measured with a closed-path infrared gas analyser (LI-7000, LI-COR Inc., USA). The gas analyzer was installed in a temperatureregulated case a ...
... were measured with a sonic anemometer (Solent R3, Gill Instruments Ltd., UK) at a height of 3.65 m above ground level. The concentration of H2 O and CO2 were measured with a closed-path infrared gas analyser (LI-7000, LI-COR Inc., USA). The gas analyzer was installed in a temperatureregulated case a ...
Interannual climatic variation mediates elevated CO2
... using free-air CO2 enrichment technology to determine how interannual variability in present-day climate might affect growth responses to either gas. We also tested whether growth effects of those gasses were sustained over time. Elevated [CO2] increased tree heights, diameters, and main stem volume ...
... using free-air CO2 enrichment technology to determine how interannual variability in present-day climate might affect growth responses to either gas. We also tested whether growth effects of those gasses were sustained over time. Elevated [CO2] increased tree heights, diameters, and main stem volume ...
factors influencing the reef`s values
... Rainfall is highly variable both within and between years along the Great Barrier Reef. Whilst there is no consensus amongst scientists in regard to projections of changes in average rainfall, it is likely that there will be increased intensity in both high rainfall events and droughts.5 A decline i ...
... Rainfall is highly variable both within and between years along the Great Barrier Reef. Whilst there is no consensus amongst scientists in regard to projections of changes in average rainfall, it is likely that there will be increased intensity in both high rainfall events and droughts.5 A decline i ...
Assessing the costs of adaptation to climate
... This is an evaluation of estimates of the costs of adaptation made by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2007 and by some preceding studies (UNFCCC, 2007; Stern, 2006; World Bank, 2006; Oxfam, 2007; UNDP, 2007). The costs have been used as the basis for discussion ...
... This is an evaluation of estimates of the costs of adaptation made by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2007 and by some preceding studies (UNFCCC, 2007; Stern, 2006; World Bank, 2006; Oxfam, 2007; UNDP, 2007). The costs have been used as the basis for discussion ...
Chapter 8 - Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority
... die rapidly under complete shading after approximately 40 days88. In contrast, structurally large seagrasses such as Posidonia species (temperate) can survive for extended periods (more than 140 days of shading)54,32. ...
... die rapidly under complete shading after approximately 40 days88. In contrast, structurally large seagrasses such as Posidonia species (temperate) can survive for extended periods (more than 140 days of shading)54,32. ...
Global Climate Change:
... reassured that the Gulf Stream's existence is a consequence of the large-scale wind system over the North Atlantic Ocean, and of the nature of fluid motion on a rotating planet. The only way to produce an ocean circulation without a Gulf Stream is either to turn off the wind system, or to stop the E ...
... reassured that the Gulf Stream's existence is a consequence of the large-scale wind system over the North Atlantic Ocean, and of the nature of fluid motion on a rotating planet. The only way to produce an ocean circulation without a Gulf Stream is either to turn off the wind system, or to stop the E ...
4. The CO2 fertilization effect
... example, higher temperatures could decrease yields by decreasing the duration of the grain-filling period or changes in photoperiod could shorten or lengthen the vegetative stage. The CO2 fertilization effect begins with enhanced photosynthetic CO2 fixation. Non-structural carbohydrates tend to accu ...
... example, higher temperatures could decrease yields by decreasing the duration of the grain-filling period or changes in photoperiod could shorten or lengthen the vegetative stage. The CO2 fertilization effect begins with enhanced photosynthetic CO2 fixation. Non-structural carbohydrates tend to accu ...
Full Report, Final Report, Abrupt Climate Change
... We are also grateful to all the reviewers who provided valuable comments during the public comment period. The draft manuscript, public review comments and responses by the authors can be found at http://www.climatescience.gov/Library/sap/sap34/default.php. ...
... We are also grateful to all the reviewers who provided valuable comments during the public comment period. The draft manuscript, public review comments and responses by the authors can be found at http://www.climatescience.gov/Library/sap/sap34/default.php. ...
AAR-Ch11 - Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
... way to affect climate. The Earth’s surface temperature is a result of the balance between the energy fluxes in a small layer near the surface. The amount of solar radiation absorbed by the surface is determined by many factors. Apart from solar elevation angle and day length, the most important fact ...
... way to affect climate. The Earth’s surface temperature is a result of the balance between the energy fluxes in a small layer near the surface. The amount of solar radiation absorbed by the surface is determined by many factors. Apart from solar elevation angle and day length, the most important fact ...
MASUD-DISSERTATION-2016
... Saskatchewan and Manitoba using a multi–RCM ensemble from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP). This region of Canada is characterized by highly variable hydroclimate, with recurrent droughts and floods and localized summer convective storm activity often resulting ...
... Saskatchewan and Manitoba using a multi–RCM ensemble from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP). This region of Canada is characterized by highly variable hydroclimate, with recurrent droughts and floods and localized summer convective storm activity often resulting ...
A Global Response to HFCs through Fair and
... adjustments, spurred a wave of technical innovation that saw the emergence of substitutes (both alternative substances and alternative technologies) at a much faster rate than had originally been anticipated. Although several countries already regulate HFC use, a global regulatory framework is prefe ...
... adjustments, spurred a wave of technical innovation that saw the emergence of substitutes (both alternative substances and alternative technologies) at a much faster rate than had originally been anticipated. Although several countries already regulate HFC use, a global regulatory framework is prefe ...
Climate Change Issues for the Cayman Islands
... Map 16 Buildings Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ............................ 85 Map 17 Building Values Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ................. 86 Map 18 Overlay of 2 metre Sea-Level Rise on the Cayman Islands ............................ ...
... Map 16 Buildings Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ............................ 85 Map 17 Building Values Affected by 0.25m-increment Sea-Level Rises, Grand Cayman ................. 86 Map 18 Overlay of 2 metre Sea-Level Rise on the Cayman Islands ............................ ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Precipitation over Lake
... Lake Victoria, Africa’s largest fresh water lake covers a surface area of about 68,800 km2 shared across three East African countries: Uganda (45%), Kenya (6%), and Tanzania (49%). Over 30 million inhabitants depend on Lake Victoria for their livelihoods. Therefore, precipitation changes over the la ...
... Lake Victoria, Africa’s largest fresh water lake covers a surface area of about 68,800 km2 shared across three East African countries: Uganda (45%), Kenya (6%), and Tanzania (49%). Over 30 million inhabitants depend on Lake Victoria for their livelihoods. Therefore, precipitation changes over the la ...
A stochastic reconstruction framework for analysis of water resource
... Reconstruction Scheme 2.1. Rationale [6] The responses of natural flows to climate variability in snow-dominated regions have been mainly observed in the forms of shifts in the timing of the seasonal flow peak and the expectation of the annual flow volume [Barnett et al., 2005]. These two characteristi ...
... Reconstruction Scheme 2.1. Rationale [6] The responses of natural flows to climate variability in snow-dominated regions have been mainly observed in the forms of shifts in the timing of the seasonal flow peak and the expectation of the annual flow volume [Barnett et al., 2005]. These two characteristi ...
3.5.2. Water resources
... average temperature is projected to be between 1.4 and 5,8 degrees Celsius, whereas increase in sea level will be between 9 and 88 cm.1 All of these projections, particularly those which have subsequently been confirmed by current data, point to direct impacts from climate change on human health and ...
... average temperature is projected to be between 1.4 and 5,8 degrees Celsius, whereas increase in sea level will be between 9 and 88 cm.1 All of these projections, particularly those which have subsequently been confirmed by current data, point to direct impacts from climate change on human health and ...
South Asia - International Institute for Sustainable Development
... increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. In addition, rising annual mean temperatures have caused many Himalayan glaciers to retreat at a rapid rate of several tens of meters per year. These observed trends are likely to continue in the future; it is expected that annual te ...
... increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. In addition, rising annual mean temperatures have caused many Himalayan glaciers to retreat at a rapid rate of several tens of meters per year. These observed trends are likely to continue in the future; it is expected that annual te ...
Coral Bleaching and Global Climate Change: Scientific Findings
... Abstract: In 1998, tropical sea surface temperatures were the highest on record, topping off a 50year trend for some tropical oceans. In the same year, coral reefs around the world suffered the most extensive and severe bleaching (loss of symbiotic algae) and subsequent mortality on record. These ev ...
... Abstract: In 1998, tropical sea surface temperatures were the highest on record, topping off a 50year trend for some tropical oceans. In the same year, coral reefs around the world suffered the most extensive and severe bleaching (loss of symbiotic algae) and subsequent mortality on record. These ev ...
Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba, a Model Organism - ePIC
... Abstract: A tractable approach to understand the effects of climate change on Ecosystems is the focus on “keystone” species whose biology is so pervasive as to dictate ecosystem functioning. A critical aspect in the understanding of the effect of climate change on pelagic systems is the need to prog ...
... Abstract: A tractable approach to understand the effects of climate change on Ecosystems is the focus on “keystone” species whose biology is so pervasive as to dictate ecosystem functioning. A critical aspect in the understanding of the effect of climate change on pelagic systems is the need to prog ...
Climate Change Adaptation in Coffee Production
... the livelihoods of coffee farmers and their families around the world at risk. Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, as well as extreme weather events, can impact production cycles and negatively affect coffee production. In order to develop a strategic approach that responds effectively to ...
... the livelihoods of coffee farmers and their families around the world at risk. Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, as well as extreme weather events, can impact production cycles and negatively affect coffee production. In order to develop a strategic approach that responds effectively to ...
Puerto Rico`s State of the Climate
... and Coastal Hazards. The Puerto Rico Coastal Zone Management Program coordinates and serves as Executive Secretariat of the Puerto Rico Climate Change Council. At the time of publishing this report the Council has 157 members and collaborating partners. The world’s societies need to increase their k ...
... and Coastal Hazards. The Puerto Rico Coastal Zone Management Program coordinates and serves as Executive Secretariat of the Puerto Rico Climate Change Council. At the time of publishing this report the Council has 157 members and collaborating partners. The world’s societies need to increase their k ...
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in the Tourism Sector
... The spectacular growth of tourism provides both a challenge and an opportunity. The tourist community itself has responded to this challenge over the past few years and visibly stepped up its response to climate change. There is now a clear understanding that the industry can be part of the solution ...
... The spectacular growth of tourism provides both a challenge and an opportunity. The tourist community itself has responded to this challenge over the past few years and visibly stepped up its response to climate change. There is now a clear understanding that the industry can be part of the solution ...