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Yesterday`s dinner, tomorrow`s weather, today`s news? US
Yesterday`s dinner, tomorrow`s weather, today`s news? US

... and eating less overall. McMichael et al. find that to stabilize livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions at 2005 levels, global meat consumption would need to drop to 90 g/d per person by 2050, based on expected population rises and increasing wealth and meat consumption in developing countries(4 ...
Chapter 2 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
Chapter 2 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences

...  Sensible heat: contact between molecules, subsequent upward transfer by parcels of hotter air (e.g. hot plumes known as thermals; dry convection).  Evaporation more effective means of cooling the surface; stores energy as latent heat.  Latent heat subsequently released when water vapor condenses ...
Lecture on climate model 1
Lecture on climate model 1

... There is a thin line between forcing and response (or feedback). A certain degree of response is needed to evaluate the indirect effects of aerosols since they need to affect the clouds, the radiative properties and their lifetime. So is this a forcing or a response or feedback?? The debate on this ...
Climate Change Impacts on South American Rangelands
Climate Change Impacts on South American Rangelands

... to increases in pasture productivity by 7% in Argentina and Uruguay during the past decade,7 along with increases in soybean, maize, wheat, and sunflower production. Pasture forage increases could, in turn, have a positive effect on livestock production due to the linear relationship between primary ...
Reshaping the Debate on Climate Change A lecture by Mary Robinson,
Reshaping the Debate on Climate Change A lecture by Mary Robinson,

... altered migratory patterns of fish and animals. These Inuit are now asking the rest of us, the international community, do they not have the right to be cold? The right to live the life that their ancestors lived? To fish, to have their culture, and all that based on what they have always known and ...
Resource Scarcity, Climate Change and the Risk of
Resource Scarcity, Climate Change and the Risk of

... rapid melting of polar ice sheets or glaciers (which would result in higher sea levels);26 or ...
Niger`s INDC
Niger`s INDC

... use and land use change and forestry; agriculture/animal husbandry; energy; industrial process and use of solvents; and waste management. For more than three decades Niger has made important investments related to reducing vulnerability to climate change, particularly with projects implementing the ...
Inter-relationships between adaptation and mitigation
Inter-relationships between adaptation and mitigation

... Plantations for charcoal have the greatest carbon benefits, but have high social impacts in the Brazilian context. Plantations also inherently compete with deforestation reduction options for funds. Forest management has been proposed as a global warming response option, but the assignment of any va ...
Québec and Climate change 2006-2012 Action Plan
Québec and Climate change 2006-2012 Action Plan

... The climate change issue has been included in the new recover the biogases from the Saint-Étienne-des-Grès Plan d’action concerté sur l’agroenvironnement et la landfill site. These biogases will be used to heat the cohabitation harmonieuse 2007-2010, a joint effort of greenhouse complex as well as p ...
MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change
MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change

... great uncertainties that affect the simulated trend (e.g., climate sensitivity, rate of heat uptake by the deep-ocean, and aerosol forcing strength) make this a highly dubious statement. For example, a model with a relatively high climate sensitivity can simulate the 20th century climate changes rea ...
Abrupt Climate Change: The Next Major Challenge
Abrupt Climate Change: The Next Major Challenge

... reports (eg., NRC, 1999; 2003). To understand the mechanisms, the timing, and probable regions of impact of future abrupt climate change requires detailed examination of the pre-instrumental era record since analogs for abrupt climate change pre-date the short ~100 years of northern hemisphere and s ...
CAN Europe response to: Consultation on market
CAN Europe response to: Consultation on market

... Assembly should "swiftly propose measures in order to ensure that the international developments can be taken into account", and "give particular consideration to the environmental effectiveness of the EU ETS (…), including better alignment of the rules applicable to aviation and stationary installa ...
Energy-Water-Climate Change Scenario Report
Energy-Water-Climate Change Scenario Report

... concentrations of several categories of emissions based on assumptions about economic activity, energy sources, population growth and other socio-economic factors. 3 If one assumes a value for RCP, it can be translated into a range of potential future global temperature increases relative to a given ...
Petition of the Competitive Enterprise Institute and the Science and
Petition of the Competitive Enterprise Institute and the Science and

... The past year, 2016, was reportedly warmer than 1998 by 0.02 deg. C.6 The atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration in December 2016 was 404.48 ppm.7 Despite this 10 percent increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, however, the temperature difference between 1998 and 2016 was not statistically si ...
Adaptation to Climate Change from a Public Health Perspective
Adaptation to Climate Change from a Public Health Perspective

... emission of greenhouse gases due to human activities enhances the natural greenhouse effect [Watson et al. 2001]. Climate change has the potential to affect multiple sectors with different intensity across regions and time, such as altering the frequency of occurrence and range of climate-sensitive ...
01-04_iniziali:Layout 1 - Associazione Italiana di Agrometeorologia
01-04_iniziali:Layout 1 - Associazione Italiana di Agrometeorologia

... variations. Agriculture is predominantly rain-fed and depends on 6 to 7 months of rainfall with intermittent dry spells in between rains. The study conducted in the last three decades in Ibadan showed annual mean maximum temperature ranging from 30.5OC to 32.5 OC, with the highest value of 32.3 OC i ...
Rachel Carson`s Legacy for the Citizen Activist
Rachel Carson`s Legacy for the Citizen Activist

... and bioaccumulation. Fifty years after publication of Silent Spring, Laurie Lawlor published an award-winning children’s book describing Carson’s “book that changed the world.” Today, New York University places Silent Spring as second on its list of the “top 100 works of journalism in the United Sta ...
PDF
PDF

... base year (averaged data for 2003, 2004 and 2005) and projects a baseline scenario to 2020. Hence the model is capable to assess the impacts of climate change for the year 2020 and to do this the model requires input data for different crops and grass yields under climate scenarios for the year 2020 ...
Geography at Key Stage 3. What will I learn? How will I be assessed
Geography at Key Stage 3. What will I learn? How will I be assessed

... least once weekly. Assessments after each section. Sustainable urban living: Features. Urban transport. ...
a pre-publication version here.
a pre-publication version here.

... improve interpersonal knowledge and trust of people with very different values, provide critical social support and affirmation, increase openness to different opinions and risk information, and thus to enable decision-making, rather than obstruct it (Nagda 2006). In the end, communicators must temp ...
Tackling climate change and promoting sustainable
Tackling climate change and promoting sustainable

... Recognising this, the international community has committed to limiting global warming below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. Currently, international efforts, including those of Australia, are falling far short of what is required to achieve this goal, let alone the 1.5°C target that many developin ...
Scientific Rationale The Pliocene epoch (~ 5.33 to 2.59 Ma) is the
Scientific Rationale The Pliocene epoch (~ 5.33 to 2.59 Ma) is the

... pCO2 was higher than pre-industrial and comparable or slightly higher than current (anthropogenic) values (Pagani et al., 2010; Bartoli et al., 2011; Badger et al., 2013). At the same time, global sea level was significantly higher, indicating much smaller continental ice sheets compared to the pres ...
Dutch Disease and Carbon Pricing in Resource
Dutch Disease and Carbon Pricing in Resource

... externality to the model. I then characterize optimal fossil fuel tax schedules that can address both Dutch disease and climate change. The central qualitative …nding is that policies designed to address climate change can aid in mitigating Dutch disease, and vice versa: both sources of ine¢ ciency ...
“Hot Pink Flamingos: Stories of Hope in a Changing Sea” Exhibit
“Hot Pink Flamingos: Stories of Hope in a Changing Sea” Exhibit

... carbon pollution and that are cutting their carbon footprint in creative ways. Interactive panels take visitors to Costa Rica, where taxes pay for forest conservation; to Iceland, where 80 percent of the energy supply comes from hydropower and geothermal power; and to San Francisco, Chicago, Paris, ...
Chapter 1: WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
Chapter 1: WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

... policies, environmental economists also examine other criteria for choosing among alternative policies that attempt to improve the environment—for example, equity or fairness. If economic efficiency cannot be obtained, and environmental targets are established using other criteria, an economic appr ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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