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COASTS: how best can we adapt to the challenges of climate change?
COASTS: how best can we adapt to the challenges of climate change?

... Sand depletion of treasured beaches remains a significant local issue that is sure to become more contentious with our beach-loving people and tourists. Already largescale nourishment projects are underway to address the problem such as the Tweed River bypass. While canal estates are banned in one ...
Multiplying Carbon Neutral Neighborhood Discussions (CNNDs) for
Multiplying Carbon Neutral Neighborhood Discussions (CNNDs) for

... The reports on the impacts of climate change caused by the globalization of non-renewable resource based consumption, production, habitats and transport and so on are well known such as global warming, deforestation, rise in sea level, melting of glaciers and others. Internal Panel on Climate on Cli ...
Lgac climate change presentation zpj 120116
Lgac climate change presentation zpj 120116

... future impact of sea level rise, coastal storms, increased temperature, and extreme events on BMP performance over time. Vulnerability should be evaluated based on the factor of risk (i.e. consequence x probability) in combination with determined levels of risk tolerance, over the intended design-li ...
Mountains and Climate Change: A Global Concern
Mountains and Climate Change: A Global Concern

... growing land use category in recent decades, especially in mountains. While mountain biodiversity is thus increasingly seen as a global common good by many, local communities that directly depend on its services must be included in stewardship of this valuable resource. Mountain communities should s ...
fulfilling the promise of paris in marrakech wwf asks for cop22
fulfilling the promise of paris in marrakech wwf asks for cop22

... existing commitments and launch new efforts to deliver near-term emission reductions and enhanced climate preparedness across sectors. COP22 must see the GCAA be consolidated as a convening space for ambitious collaborative initiatives between State and non-State actors. This will need continued sup ...
3_session_Ayensu
3_session_Ayensu

... • Substantial funding to the developing world (€65-100bn pa) is required over the next ten years ...
Politics - Wave 2 - TGFL - NDI
Politics - Wave 2 - TGFL - NDI

... United States' chief scientific body, the National Academy of Sciences. Rising carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels have triggered this epoch, which could include profound changes in rainfall, crop yields, wildfires and sea levels, according to the sobering report, released Frid ...
Climate Change and Its Impacts in Japan FY2012
Climate Change and Its Impacts in Japan FY2012

... Temperatures will Continue Rising and Heavy Rains will Become More Frequent If CO2 concentrations increase in line with Scenarios B1, A1B and A2, Japan’s average temperature is projected to increase by 2.1 - 4.0°C, which exceeds the global average of 1.8 - 3.4°C. Based on climate change model projec ...
Meetings
Meetings

... impact of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies on the large-scale atmospheric circulation and climate. The sharp contrast between the salty Arabian Sea, with its high evaporation rate, and the rather fresh Bay of Bengal, with its many river runoffs, is thought to impact climate. Direc ...
Clouds Have Made Fools of Climate Modelers
Clouds Have Made Fools of Climate Modelers

... cause and effect, thereby getting the feedback in the wrong direction. Climate sensitivity to increasing CO2 concentrations is usually expressed as the equilibrium change in temperature resulting from a doubling of the CO2 content in air. By itself, CO2 has only a small effect on global temperatures ...
WE ARE THE WEATHER MAKERS
WE ARE THE WEATHER MAKERS

... Some of the references Tim Flannery used to write We are The Weather Makers Parmesan, C. et al. 1999. Poleward Shifts in Geographical Ranges of Butterfly Species Associated with Regional Warming. Nature 399, pp. 579–84. Root, T. L. et al. 2003. Fingerprints of Global Warming on Wild Animals and Plan ...
Global Climate Observing System
Global Climate Observing System

... 15. The SBSTA, in consultation with the GCOS Secretariat, is urged to review the guidelines for National Communications by the Parties on research and systematic observation to include, inter alia, a specific requirement to report on the exchange of observations of the Essential Climate Variables an ...
Opportunities in Infrastructure with the IDB - Inter
Opportunities in Infrastructure with the IDB - Inter

... Inter-American Development Bank ...
Satellite Based Climate Change Study
Satellite Based Climate Change Study

... The emerging scenario of global change indicates changes in the rainfall pattern over Indian region with possibilities of severe weather systems replacing the normal pattern of rainfall. One of the major factors is the variability of monsoon rainfall and its impact on agriculture and water managemen ...
Climate Change and the Caribbean
Climate Change and the Caribbean

... Inter-American Development Bank ...
The many shortcomings of the Kyoto Protocol are well
The many shortcomings of the Kyoto Protocol are well

... President, pushed heavily for United States ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, however President Bill Clinton eventually succumbed to congressional pressure and did not seek ratification of the treaty. 15 President George W. Bush has not made any effort since that time to revive the treaty, claimin ...
Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human
Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human

... representing recovery from the earlier Little Ice Age (Figure 5). Warming, however, did not proceed monotonically. Instead, and as for all extended climate records of adequate resolution, the thermometer data display a multi-decadal rhythmicity with alternating periods of warming and cooling. Within ...
CMIP5 based climate change projections for India: its
CMIP5 based climate change projections for India: its

... balance in Karakoram and Himalayas ...
Entering into the ``greenhouse century``: Recent record temperatures
Entering into the ``greenhouse century``: Recent record temperatures

Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human
Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human

Climate change is a natural cycle. The globe has
Climate change is a natural cycle. The globe has

... would often drift southward into the Atlantic Ocean and into the shipping lanes between Europe and America. It was much more likely that a vessel would encounter icebergs back in the early part of the century than it is now. This is in part a consequence of a cooler climate 80 years ago. ...
Green surprise? How terrestrial ecosystems could affect earth`s climate
Green surprise? How terrestrial ecosystems could affect earth`s climate

... The terrestrial biosphere appears to have acted as a source of C, but still became much less efficient at net C sink for the last few decades, absorbing roughly absorbing it. While these results differ in the details, the central 1.4 billion tons of C per year in the 1990s, or about 22% of anthropog ...
Lesson Plan—Global Warming: How did we get here and what
Lesson Plan—Global Warming: How did we get here and what

... They then implement some personal actions and journal “Energy Efficiency Moments” for two weeks (after choosing three things to change in their lives) and come up with picture and paragraph that describes how it felt to make these changes. ...
Climate change deniers - Lorain
Climate change deniers - Lorain

... LIA, and the two prior Minoan and Roman Warm periods, which were as warm or warmer than the Modern Warm Period and the Medieval Warm Period. Dr. Humlum continues: “Clearly Central Greenland temperature changes are not identical to global temperature changes. However, they do tend to reflect global t ...
Bay-Lake Regional Planning Commission
Bay-Lake Regional Planning Commission

... Information about the anticipated climate change impacts to municipal government. Recommendations for specific climate change adaptation actions for Wisconsin’s coastal communities. Information about the economic benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation. Outreach assistance to inform loc ...
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Global warming controversy



The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.
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