Republic Act 9729
... At least one (1) of the sectoral representatives shall come from the disaster risk reduction community. The representatives shall be appointed by the President from a list of nominees submitted by their respective groups. They shall serve for a term of six (6) years without reappointment unless thei ...
... At least one (1) of the sectoral representatives shall come from the disaster risk reduction community. The representatives shall be appointed by the President from a list of nominees submitted by their respective groups. They shall serve for a term of six (6) years without reappointment unless thei ...
Land use/land cover changes and climate: modeling analysis and observational evidence
... identify key unanswered questions, and offer recommendations for LULCC-related climate and Earth system research. We rely primarily on observational studies but have also included relevant modeling research where observations are limited. ...
... identify key unanswered questions, and offer recommendations for LULCC-related climate and Earth system research. We rely primarily on observational studies but have also included relevant modeling research where observations are limited. ...
14.2.2 Predictability in a Chaotic System
... compounds the difficulty of distinguishing signal and noise. With respect to the long-term natural variability in the climate system per se, it is important to understand this variability and to expand the emerging capability of predicting patterns of organised variability such as El Niño-Southern O ...
... compounds the difficulty of distinguishing signal and noise. With respect to the long-term natural variability in the climate system per se, it is important to understand this variability and to expand the emerging capability of predicting patterns of organised variability such as El Niño-Southern O ...
Climate change and water in the UK – past
... way that will help decision-makers understand the scale and possible direction of change. We assume that decision-makers, for example in water companies, regulators and government, are best placed to evaluate the impact of climate change on their own area of work, but that to do this they need clear ...
... way that will help decision-makers understand the scale and possible direction of change. We assume that decision-makers, for example in water companies, regulators and government, are best placed to evaluate the impact of climate change on their own area of work, but that to do this they need clear ...
Globally averaged temperatures have increased since the mid
... combination of intense isentropic transport from the mid-latitudes to the Arctic and strong surface-based temperature inversions that inhibit turbulent transfer (and, therefore, aerosol removal via dry deposition) results in this recurring phenomenon known as Arctic Haze. In addition, the dryness of ...
... combination of intense isentropic transport from the mid-latitudes to the Arctic and strong surface-based temperature inversions that inhibit turbulent transfer (and, therefore, aerosol removal via dry deposition) results in this recurring phenomenon known as Arctic Haze. In addition, the dryness of ...
Does tomorrow ever come?
... it should not be suggested that different cultural, ethnic, gender and age groups will necessarily exhibit the same attitudes of knowledge or concerns about climate change, many of these studies found that respondents often demonstrate misconceptions and confusion, particularly regarding the greenho ...
... it should not be suggested that different cultural, ethnic, gender and age groups will necessarily exhibit the same attitudes of knowledge or concerns about climate change, many of these studies found that respondents often demonstrate misconceptions and confusion, particularly regarding the greenho ...
mb335e
... new niches appear.10 Furthermore, studies suggest that increases in temperature, even if small in magnitude, may have negative impact on tropical insects, including beneficial insects, because they may already be living in an environment very close to their optimal temperature.11 Hosts and pathogens ...
... new niches appear.10 Furthermore, studies suggest that increases in temperature, even if small in magnitude, may have negative impact on tropical insects, including beneficial insects, because they may already be living in an environment very close to their optimal temperature.11 Hosts and pathogens ...
Republic Act No. 9729
... (n) “Mitigation” in the context of climate change, refers to human intervention to address anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all GHG, including ozonedepleting substances and their substitutes. (o) “Mitigation potential” shall refer to the scale of GHG reductions that could ...
... (n) “Mitigation” in the context of climate change, refers to human intervention to address anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all GHG, including ozonedepleting substances and their substitutes. (o) “Mitigation potential” shall refer to the scale of GHG reductions that could ...
Quantifying surface albedo and other direct biogeophysical climate
... By altering fluxes of heat, momentum, and moisture exchanges between the land surface and atmosphere, forestry and other land-use activities affect climate. Although long recognized scientifically as being important, these so-called biogeophysical forcings are rarely included in climate policies for ...
... By altering fluxes of heat, momentum, and moisture exchanges between the land surface and atmosphere, forestry and other land-use activities affect climate. Although long recognized scientifically as being important, these so-called biogeophysical forcings are rarely included in climate policies for ...
Global Warming Greenhouse effect Heat lost to
... CO2 has increased from 300 parts per million in 1920 (1) to nearly 380 parts per million in 2000 (1). In this 20 year period it has increased by 80 parts per million (1) which is almost a quarter of ...
... CO2 has increased from 300 parts per million in 1920 (1) to nearly 380 parts per million in 2000 (1). In this 20 year period it has increased by 80 parts per million (1) which is almost a quarter of ...
Task 4.2 Calculation of metrics - Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre
... Task 3.2 Simulations for idealised forcing perturbations ........................................................... 12 Task 3.3 Simulations for realistic forcings ................................................................................. 15 WP 4 Existing metrics ............................. ...
... Task 3.2 Simulations for idealised forcing perturbations ........................................................... 12 Task 3.3 Simulations for realistic forcings ................................................................................. 15 WP 4 Existing metrics ............................. ...
Potentials for Adaptation to Climate Change in Human
... by other forces that might interact with climate change effects, such as rapid population growth, aging physical infrastructures, poverty, and social friction. Some are considerably dependent on linkage systems, such as bridges or electric power lines, that could be vulnerable to impacts of climate ...
... by other forces that might interact with climate change effects, such as rapid population growth, aging physical infrastructures, poverty, and social friction. Some are considerably dependent on linkage systems, such as bridges or electric power lines, that could be vulnerable to impacts of climate ...
Robust spatially aggregated projections of climate
... Many climatic extremes are changing1–5 , and decision-makers express a strong need for reliable information on further changes over the coming decades as a basis for adaptation strategies. Here, we demonstrate that for extremes stakeholders will have to deal with large irreducible uncertainties on l ...
... Many climatic extremes are changing1–5 , and decision-makers express a strong need for reliable information on further changes over the coming decades as a basis for adaptation strategies. Here, we demonstrate that for extremes stakeholders will have to deal with large irreducible uncertainties on l ...
The Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR
... Poor institutional capacity of environmental agencies Major constraint appears to be related to limited recurrent funding Weakly defined institutional roles and remits Environmental public bodies undertaking multiple (and potentially conflicting) roles The absence of high-level coordination me ...
... Poor institutional capacity of environmental agencies Major constraint appears to be related to limited recurrent funding Weakly defined institutional roles and remits Environmental public bodies undertaking multiple (and potentially conflicting) roles The absence of high-level coordination me ...
Ocean of Grass: A Conservation Assessment for the Northern Great
... greater and faster changes than southern areas (Mitchell and Jones 2005, Meehl 2007). While averages cannot accurately depict changes in variability and extreme events, they can be useful for monitoring trends in key variables. For instance, based on spatially interpolated climate trend data from 19 ...
... greater and faster changes than southern areas (Mitchell and Jones 2005, Meehl 2007). While averages cannot accurately depict changes in variability and extreme events, they can be useful for monitoring trends in key variables. For instance, based on spatially interpolated climate trend data from 19 ...
Towards a unifying narrative for climate change
... At the beginning of the new millennium, the word ‘Anthropocene’ was first used to describe the geological age in which we are now living, in recognition of the distinct and well-established changes to the Earth that humanity has caused since the industrial revolution1,2. Thirteen years later, the In ...
... At the beginning of the new millennium, the word ‘Anthropocene’ was first used to describe the geological age in which we are now living, in recognition of the distinct and well-established changes to the Earth that humanity has caused since the industrial revolution1,2. Thirteen years later, the In ...
Adapting to drought in the Sahel: Lessons for
... seemed to question the very survival of human communities, the farming systems persisted, village populations were stable or increasing, farming and livestock production were integrating and intensifying, and livelihoods were diversifying. Until 2008, visible indicators of monetization and investmen ...
... seemed to question the very survival of human communities, the farming systems persisted, village populations were stable or increasing, farming and livestock production were integrating and intensifying, and livelihoods were diversifying. Until 2008, visible indicators of monetization and investmen ...
CB-48 - Climate Science: Roger Pielke Sr.
... than average conditions in the western Pacific including Indonesia, Australia and India and above average precipitation over parts of South America. El Niños also tend to cause warmer than average conditions over parts of the tropics and into the extra-tropics (Halpert and Ropelewski, 1992). El Niño ...
... than average conditions in the western Pacific including Indonesia, Australia and India and above average precipitation over parts of South America. El Niños also tend to cause warmer than average conditions over parts of the tropics and into the extra-tropics (Halpert and Ropelewski, 1992). El Niño ...
file PDF
... edge of our thoughts. This information, drawn from the rich evidence of thousands of scientists, tells us that the earth’s climate is warming inexorably, ecosystems and species are in crisis, and we have finite time and resources left to deal with it. In a rational account of this dilemma disaster w ...
... edge of our thoughts. This information, drawn from the rich evidence of thousands of scientists, tells us that the earth’s climate is warming inexorably, ecosystems and species are in crisis, and we have finite time and resources left to deal with it. In a rational account of this dilemma disaster w ...
Likely Impacts on New Zealand Agriculture
... industry groups are well attuned to climate variability, and an increasing amount of information is available to farmers and growers to help plan for its effects. However, such information does not provide certainty, as indicated by the following quote from the report on the 1997/98 El ...
... industry groups are well attuned to climate variability, and an increasing amount of information is available to farmers and growers to help plan for its effects. However, such information does not provide certainty, as indicated by the following quote from the report on the 1997/98 El ...
Climate Change Detection and Attribution: Beyond Mean
... 1979, 1997; Allen and Tett 1999) to estimate the amplitude of externally forced signals in observations. The regression model attempts to represent the observed record y, organized as a vector in space and time, from a set of n response (signal) patterns that are concatenated in a matrix X using the ...
... 1979, 1997; Allen and Tett 1999) to estimate the amplitude of externally forced signals in observations. The regression model attempts to represent the observed record y, organized as a vector in space and time, from a set of n response (signal) patterns that are concatenated in a matrix X using the ...
Directive IPPC : quelques remarques
... perspective on various environmental effects of particulates seems to be adapted. The following issues could be considered : PM Strategies and Climate change If soot aerosol is confirmed in the near future to be the major non-CO2 greenhouse air pollutant, this fact will have to be taken into account ...
... perspective on various environmental effects of particulates seems to be adapted. The following issues could be considered : PM Strategies and Climate change If soot aerosol is confirmed in the near future to be the major non-CO2 greenhouse air pollutant, this fact will have to be taken into account ...
A guide on climate change for private equity investors
... For over a decade IIGCC has called on governments to set predictable long-term policy frameworks that can incentivise a smooth transition to a low-carbon energy system. These investment-grade climate policies are beginning to materialise in Europe and other countries as the Nationally Determined Con ...
... For over a decade IIGCC has called on governments to set predictable long-term policy frameworks that can incentivise a smooth transition to a low-carbon energy system. These investment-grade climate policies are beginning to materialise in Europe and other countries as the Nationally Determined Con ...
Navigating scales of knowledge and decision
... Environmental Sciences and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Diagnostics Center. WWA has since evolved into a full-fledged RISA working in Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah, a region characterized largely by semi-arid grasslands, high-elevation mountain ranges, and desert ...
... Environmental Sciences and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Diagnostics Center. WWA has since evolved into a full-fledged RISA working in Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah, a region characterized largely by semi-arid grasslands, high-elevation mountain ranges, and desert ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.