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Biomarker Identification and Assay Development | Charles River
... (Figure 1). This study was extended to look at modulation of specific genes known to be dependent on the phosphotarget (Figure 2) and validated in the same experiment by determining the gene signature elicited by short hairpin RNAs. The biomarker was successfully translated into mouse xenograft mode ...
... (Figure 1). This study was extended to look at modulation of specific genes known to be dependent on the phosphotarget (Figure 2) and validated in the same experiment by determining the gene signature elicited by short hairpin RNAs. The biomarker was successfully translated into mouse xenograft mode ...
Quantum Molecular Design of Drugs
... screening of ligand binding can significantly reduce the time required for lead discovery and lead optimization. One of the most common tools of in silico binding analysis is the use of docking algorithms to rapidly predict relative binding affinities of a large number of ligands for a given protein ...
... screening of ligand binding can significantly reduce the time required for lead discovery and lead optimization. One of the most common tools of in silico binding analysis is the use of docking algorithms to rapidly predict relative binding affinities of a large number of ligands for a given protein ...
OPTION D: CORE ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
... If enantiomers in a racemate have different physiological activities it is necessary to isolate the desired enantiomer from the mixture. However, this is a wasteful process and it is therefore better to synthesize directly the desired enantiomer by preventing the synthesis of the other enantiomer. T ...
... If enantiomers in a racemate have different physiological activities it is necessary to isolate the desired enantiomer from the mixture. However, this is a wasteful process and it is therefore better to synthesize directly the desired enantiomer by preventing the synthesis of the other enantiomer. T ...
Q24 Classify antihypertensive agents by their
... o Acetazolamide works in the proximal tubule to inhibit carbonic anhydrase o Frusemide acts in the TAL of LOH inhibiting the triple symporter o Thiazides act in the early distal tubule inhibiting the Na/Cl ...
... o Acetazolamide works in the proximal tubule to inhibit carbonic anhydrase o Frusemide acts in the TAL of LOH inhibiting the triple symporter o Thiazides act in the early distal tubule inhibiting the Na/Cl ...
药效学2
... 4- Drug receptors pA2 is the negative logarithm of the molar antagonist concentration, in the presence of which twice the original agonist concentration is needed for the original effect. pA2 is equal to the negative logarithm of the given concentration of the antagonist if ...
... 4- Drug receptors pA2 is the negative logarithm of the molar antagonist concentration, in the presence of which twice the original agonist concentration is needed for the original effect. pA2 is equal to the negative logarithm of the given concentration of the antagonist if ...
Trastuzumab
... extracellular domain of the HER-2/neu human epidermal growth factor receptor. This receptor is overexpressed in several human cancers, including 25%–30% of breast cancers. Precise mechanism(s) of action remains unknown. Downregulates expression of HER-2/neu receptor. Inhibits HER-2/neu intracellular ...
... extracellular domain of the HER-2/neu human epidermal growth factor receptor. This receptor is overexpressed in several human cancers, including 25%–30% of breast cancers. Precise mechanism(s) of action remains unknown. Downregulates expression of HER-2/neu receptor. Inhibits HER-2/neu intracellular ...
Success in clinical trials - Cancer Prevention Pharmaceuticals
... 20; now they live longer due to prophylactic colorectomy, usually during the teenage years, and intense surveillance. They have thousands of polyps which develop into cancer. This condition is now our target population; there is only one approved medical treatment for this – Celebrex – which at lowe ...
... 20; now they live longer due to prophylactic colorectomy, usually during the teenage years, and intense surveillance. They have thousands of polyps which develop into cancer. This condition is now our target population; there is only one approved medical treatment for this – Celebrex – which at lowe ...
testosterone cypionate injection, USP
... DEPO-Testosterone Injection, for intramuscular injection, contains testosterone cypionate which is the oil-soluble 17 (beta)- cyclopentylpropionate ester of the androgenic hormone testosterone. Testosterone cypionate is a white or creamy white crystalline powder, odorless or nearly so and stable in ...
... DEPO-Testosterone Injection, for intramuscular injection, contains testosterone cypionate which is the oil-soluble 17 (beta)- cyclopentylpropionate ester of the androgenic hormone testosterone. Testosterone cypionate is a white or creamy white crystalline powder, odorless or nearly so and stable in ...
`drug`.
... The drug must fit into the Binding Site and shape complementarity is an important feature of a drug molecule. Competitive enzyme inhibitors often bear a resemblance to the substrate, as they bind to the same Active Site. This is also true for some receptor antagonists, but not all. The strength of a ...
... The drug must fit into the Binding Site and shape complementarity is an important feature of a drug molecule. Competitive enzyme inhibitors often bear a resemblance to the substrate, as they bind to the same Active Site. This is also true for some receptor antagonists, but not all. The strength of a ...
Ionisation
... avoid active transport to bile avoid excretion by kidneys partition into target organ avoid partition into undesired places (e.g. brain, foetus) ...
... avoid active transport to bile avoid excretion by kidneys partition into target organ avoid partition into undesired places (e.g. brain, foetus) ...
Cancer Treatment Drugs
... therapy. Armed with the knowledge that estrogen stimulates proliferation of breast cancer cells that express the estrogen receptor and that testosterone, in similar fashion, stimulates proliferation of prostate cancer cells, most of which express the androgen receptor, multiple strategies to deprive ...
... therapy. Armed with the knowledge that estrogen stimulates proliferation of breast cancer cells that express the estrogen receptor and that testosterone, in similar fashion, stimulates proliferation of prostate cancer cells, most of which express the androgen receptor, multiple strategies to deprive ...
NUTRITION AND GOOD MENTAL PERFORMANCE
... Green colour in plants, the light collecting molecule. - Chlorophyl and its derivatives are very effective at binding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarcarbons (carcinogens largely from incomplete combustion of fuels), heterocyclic amines (generated whe grilling food), aflotaxins (toxin from molds in food ...
... Green colour in plants, the light collecting molecule. - Chlorophyl and its derivatives are very effective at binding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarcarbons (carcinogens largely from incomplete combustion of fuels), heterocyclic amines (generated whe grilling food), aflotaxins (toxin from molds in food ...
Eulexin Manufacturer`s Data Sheet for Physicians
... Geriatric: Following multiple oral dosing of 250 mg t.i.d. in normal geriatric volunteers, flutamide and its active meta bolite approached steady-state plasma levels (based on pharmacokinetic simulations) after the fourth flutamide dose. The half-life of the active metabolite in geriatric volunteer ...
... Geriatric: Following multiple oral dosing of 250 mg t.i.d. in normal geriatric volunteers, flutamide and its active meta bolite approached steady-state plasma levels (based on pharmacokinetic simulations) after the fourth flutamide dose. The half-life of the active metabolite in geriatric volunteer ...
Description/Etiology
... Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; also called benign prostatic hypertrophy) is a nonmalignant condition in which excessive smooth muscle and epithelial cell proliferation results in an enlarged prostate gland that constricts or deforms the lower urinary tract and causes difficulty with urination. B ...
... Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; also called benign prostatic hypertrophy) is a nonmalignant condition in which excessive smooth muscle and epithelial cell proliferation results in an enlarged prostate gland that constricts or deforms the lower urinary tract and causes difficulty with urination. B ...
protein binding - Website Staff UI
... • Some drugs complex with melanin in the skin and eye after long term administration of high doses of phenothiazine to chronic schizophrenic patients • Tetracycline – forms an insoluble chelate with calcium on teeth and bones • Amphetamin (phenilethylamine structure) ≈ norepinephrine, is actively tr ...
... • Some drugs complex with melanin in the skin and eye after long term administration of high doses of phenothiazine to chronic schizophrenic patients • Tetracycline – forms an insoluble chelate with calcium on teeth and bones • Amphetamin (phenilethylamine structure) ≈ norepinephrine, is actively tr ...
antagonists
... All four agents are rapidly absorbed from the intestine Cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine undergo first-pass hepatic metabolism resulting in a bioavailability of approximately 50% ...
... All four agents are rapidly absorbed from the intestine Cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine undergo first-pass hepatic metabolism resulting in a bioavailability of approximately 50% ...
Management of Prostate Cancer: An Overview
... implant are potential cures for prostate cancer. Hormone therapy may force the cancer into a prolonged remission but does not provide a cure unless it is combined with other treatments. The most commonly used treatments include the following: ...
... implant are potential cures for prostate cancer. Hormone therapy may force the cancer into a prolonged remission but does not provide a cure unless it is combined with other treatments. The most commonly used treatments include the following: ...
Hydrogen Bonding: The Last Mystery in Drug Design?
... atoms. On the other hand, it has been predicted that –CH2– analogues should have about the same affinities as the –NH– analogues, which turned out to be true – one of the rare cases of a correct quantitative prediction from molecular-modelling studies [27]. The reason for this surprising effect is t ...
... atoms. On the other hand, it has been predicted that –CH2– analogues should have about the same affinities as the –NH– analogues, which turned out to be true – one of the rare cases of a correct quantitative prediction from molecular-modelling studies [27]. The reason for this surprising effect is t ...
(Agonist) of Nuclear Receptor
... A macromolecular component of the organism that binds the drug and initiates its effect. ...
... A macromolecular component of the organism that binds the drug and initiates its effect. ...
Pharmacodynamics
... A macromolecular component of the organism that binds the drug and initiates its effect. ...
... A macromolecular component of the organism that binds the drug and initiates its effect. ...
H O T S
... Studies have previously shown that cell surface transmembrane protein CD44, and its variant which contains exon 10 (CD44v6), may be a potential prognostic marker for malignancy among men with prostate cancer confined to the capsule, although scoring of this molecule has remained problematic. The res ...
... Studies have previously shown that cell surface transmembrane protein CD44, and its variant which contains exon 10 (CD44v6), may be a potential prognostic marker for malignancy among men with prostate cancer confined to the capsule, although scoring of this molecule has remained problematic. The res ...
1 The Neuromuscular Junction: Pharmacology
... anaesthesia. These derivatives include pancuronium and atracurium. In addition, allosteric (conformational) changes in ACh receptors, or steric hindrance to ACh binding, reduce the affinity of receptors for ACh and therefore its effects. These non-competitive antagonists include phencyclidine (PCP, ...
... anaesthesia. These derivatives include pancuronium and atracurium. In addition, allosteric (conformational) changes in ACh receptors, or steric hindrance to ACh binding, reduce the affinity of receptors for ACh and therefore its effects. These non-competitive antagonists include phencyclidine (PCP, ...
Discovery and development of antiandrogens
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Androgen_receptor.png?width=300)
In the 1960s, the first antiandrogen, or androgen antagonist, was discovered. Antiandrogens antagonise the androgen receptor (AR) and thereby block the biological effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Antiandrogens are important for men with hormonally responsive diseases like prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP), acne, seborrhea, hirsutism and androgen alopecia. Antiandrogens are mainly used for the treatment of prostate diseases. Research from 2010 suggests that ARs could be linked to the disease progression of triple-negative breast cancer and that antiandrogens can potentially be used to treat it.As of 2010 antiandrogens are small molecules and can be either steroidal or nonsteroidal depending on ligand chemistry. Steroidal antiandrogens share a similar steroid structure, while nonsteroidal antiandrogens may have structurally distinctive pharmacophores. Only a limited number of compounds are available for clinical use despite the fact that a very large variety of antiandrogen compounds have been discovered and researched.