The terrestrial carbon cycle on the regional and global scale
... (e.g. volcanoes and sun activity), most are very likely attributable to the increased concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere (Hegerl et al., 2007). The concentration of the most important greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) has increased from about 190-280 ppm in pre-industrial ...
... (e.g. volcanoes and sun activity), most are very likely attributable to the increased concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere (Hegerl et al., 2007). The concentration of the most important greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) has increased from about 190-280 ppm in pre-industrial ...
Assessing the Consequences of Climate Change for Alaska and the
... Marine fisheries are very vulnerable to climate change. Most of the research to date on the relationship between climate change and fisheries focuses specifically on how climate change may affect marine ecosystems and in turn abundance and harvests of specific marine species. This paper focuses on t ...
... Marine fisheries are very vulnerable to climate change. Most of the research to date on the relationship between climate change and fisheries focuses specifically on how climate change may affect marine ecosystems and in turn abundance and harvests of specific marine species. This paper focuses on t ...
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... like the use of ecological baselines to measure management success. In general, management decisions depend on both social factors and ecological realities (Figure 1.1). Social factors include NWRS policy and the individual beliefs managers hold about conservation. In other words, managers will have ...
... like the use of ecological baselines to measure management success. In general, management decisions depend on both social factors and ecological realities (Figure 1.1). Social factors include NWRS policy and the individual beliefs managers hold about conservation. In other words, managers will have ...
Interaction of impacts of doubling CO2 and changing regional land
... without and with natural and anthropogenic land-cover changes that are assumed in the inner core of four hydrothermally different, but similar-sized (≈3.27x106 km2 ) regions (Yukon, Ob, St. Lawrence, Colorado, and lands adjacent to them). A further set of simulations assumes 710 ppm CO2 conditions w ...
... without and with natural and anthropogenic land-cover changes that are assumed in the inner core of four hydrothermally different, but similar-sized (≈3.27x106 km2 ) regions (Yukon, Ob, St. Lawrence, Colorado, and lands adjacent to them). A further set of simulations assumes 710 ppm CO2 conditions w ...
Colorado Climate Change Vulnerability Study
... they make their living, and what capacity they have for mitigating climate impacts are all directly connected to climate vulnerability. Chapter 3 of this report finds that a number of demographic, land use and economic factors could impact the state’s vulnerability to climate, including: ...
... they make their living, and what capacity they have for mitigating climate impacts are all directly connected to climate vulnerability. Chapter 3 of this report finds that a number of demographic, land use and economic factors could impact the state’s vulnerability to climate, including: ...
Climate-driven trends in mean and high flows from a network of
... Although uncertainties are large, studies suggest that catchment-specific impacts may pose challenges to water management and effective defence from extreme events (Bastola et al. 2011b, 2011c, Hall and Murphy 2011, Murphy et al. 2011). Consequently, early detection of changing water resources and e ...
... Although uncertainties are large, studies suggest that catchment-specific impacts may pose challenges to water management and effective defence from extreme events (Bastola et al. 2011b, 2011c, Hall and Murphy 2011, Murphy et al. 2011). Consequently, early detection of changing water resources and e ...
International Council on Human Rights Policy, Beyond Technology Transfer: Protecting Human Rights in a Climate-Constrained World (ICHRP, 2011) - FULL TEXT
... also featured in the Cancún Agreements of late 2010, at a time when human rights also formally entered the treaty language. Technology transfer is needed both to help poorer and more vulnerable countries and communities adapt to the now inevitable consequences of climate change in the short term, an ...
... also featured in the Cancún Agreements of late 2010, at a time when human rights also formally entered the treaty language. Technology transfer is needed both to help poorer and more vulnerable countries and communities adapt to the now inevitable consequences of climate change in the short term, an ...
Organizational learning in regional governance: A study of the Arctic
... for international environmental governance that has its roots in the 1980s and became institutionalized at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro. This focus highlighted tensions and links between environmental, social and economic development, and also brought a new ...
... for international environmental governance that has its roots in the 1980s and became institutionalized at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro. This focus highlighted tensions and links between environmental, social and economic development, and also brought a new ...
Text (Open Access) - Reading`s CentAUR
... stratosphere that is much more evenly distributed between the northern and southern midlatitude bands, 9.0 and 8.0 DU, respectively. As can be seen in the cross section of PDPRE ozone changes (Figure 2b), much of the stratospheric increase occurs in the lowermost stratosphere, with approximately hal ...
... stratosphere that is much more evenly distributed between the northern and southern midlatitude bands, 9.0 and 8.0 DU, respectively. As can be seen in the cross section of PDPRE ozone changes (Figure 2b), much of the stratospheric increase occurs in the lowermost stratosphere, with approximately hal ...
Climate Models and Their Evaluation
... evolution has been enhanced via a range of advances since the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR). Climate models are based on well-established physical principles and have been demonstrated to reproduce observed features of recent climate (see Chapters 8 and 9) and past climate changes (see Chapter ...
... evolution has been enhanced via a range of advances since the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR). Climate models are based on well-established physical principles and have been demonstrated to reproduce observed features of recent climate (see Chapters 8 and 9) and past climate changes (see Chapter ...
IPCC-ar4-wg1-chapter8-ClimateModels.pdf
... evolution has been enhanced via a range of advances since the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR). Climate models are based on well-established physical principles and have been demonstrated to reproduce observed features of recent climate (see Chapters 8 and 9) and past climate changes (see Chapter ...
... evolution has been enhanced via a range of advances since the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR). Climate models are based on well-established physical principles and have been demonstrated to reproduce observed features of recent climate (see Chapters 8 and 9) and past climate changes (see Chapter ...
The Faithful Skeptics: Conservative Christian Religious Beliefs and
... The Faithful Skeptics: Conservative Christian Religious Beliefs and Perceptions of Climate Change Chairperson: Michael Patterson, Ph.D. Global climate change presents one of the most challenging ecological and social problems facing the world today. In order to prevent potentially harmful ecological ...
... The Faithful Skeptics: Conservative Christian Religious Beliefs and Perceptions of Climate Change Chairperson: Michael Patterson, Ph.D. Global climate change presents one of the most challenging ecological and social problems facing the world today. In order to prevent potentially harmful ecological ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity, Ecosystems
... 4.2.5. Carbon storage and sequestration ........................................................................ 4-11 4.3. How will climate change affect ecosystem services and human well being over the next 50 to 100 years? ........................................................................... ...
... 4.2.5. Carbon storage and sequestration ........................................................................ 4-11 4.3. How will climate change affect ecosystem services and human well being over the next 50 to 100 years? ........................................................................... ...
Climate Change and Hazard Zonation in the Circum
... Climate-change scenarios indicate that anthropogenic warming will be most pronounced in the high latitudes. Changes have been detected in many parts of the globe (Hansen et al., 1998; Serreze et al., 2000); in the northern high latitudes they have involved air temperature (Pavlov, 1997), vegetation ...
... Climate-change scenarios indicate that anthropogenic warming will be most pronounced in the high latitudes. Changes have been detected in many parts of the globe (Hansen et al., 1998; Serreze et al., 2000); in the northern high latitudes they have involved air temperature (Pavlov, 1997), vegetation ...
Centennial and Millennial climate- carbon cycle feedback analysis
... The physical climate system and the global carbon cycle, both the terrestrial and the marine component, are interlinked, so that changing one of them affects others. The Earth’s climate is a dynamic complex system and is regulated by continuous inter-connected physical, chemical and biological proce ...
... The physical climate system and the global carbon cycle, both the terrestrial and the marine component, are interlinked, so that changing one of them affects others. The Earth’s climate is a dynamic complex system and is regulated by continuous inter-connected physical, chemical and biological proce ...
Long-term interactions between vegetation and climate
... is one of the molecules needed for photosynthesis and is usually one of the limiting factors. Its effect on photosynthesis has been studied in laboratory experiments as far back as the 18th century, showing enhanced photosynthesis under elevated CO2 concentrations. Field scale experiments with incre ...
... is one of the molecules needed for photosynthesis and is usually one of the limiting factors. Its effect on photosynthesis has been studied in laboratory experiments as far back as the 18th century, showing enhanced photosynthesis under elevated CO2 concentrations. Field scale experiments with incre ...
thailand - Technology Needs Assessment
... Thailand today faces a number of challenges affected by climate change. These include everincreasing natural and human-made disaster – such as, extreme weather events, land-slide, flood, draught, rising sea level, biodiversity loss, and health damage – ,which if not addressed may lead to catastrophi ...
... Thailand today faces a number of challenges affected by climate change. These include everincreasing natural and human-made disaster – such as, extreme weather events, land-slide, flood, draught, rising sea level, biodiversity loss, and health damage – ,which if not addressed may lead to catastrophi ...
Understanding Earth`s Deep Past: Lessons for Our Climate Future
... feedbacks that make up the global climate system operates at various timescales—and over the full range of climate variability experienced through Earth’s history—is a high priority for improving projections of future climatic conditions and the impacts on the surface systems that can be anticipated ...
... feedbacks that make up the global climate system operates at various timescales—and over the full range of climate variability experienced through Earth’s history—is a high priority for improving projections of future climatic conditions and the impacts on the surface systems that can be anticipated ...
- Arjen Y. Hoekstra
... function of Eq. 1 that is determined from the extended discharge record, and xt a random uniform number in the range [0,1]. To obtain a reliable estimate of the probability of overtopping during the 100-year period the simulations were repeated 105 times. This number of iterations ensures that the v ...
... function of Eq. 1 that is determined from the extended discharge record, and xt a random uniform number in the range [0,1]. To obtain a reliable estimate of the probability of overtopping during the 100-year period the simulations were repeated 105 times. This number of iterations ensures that the v ...
Afghanistan Initial National Communication
... vulnerable sector followed by forestry and rangeland, agriculture, health, biodiversity, energy and waste. Water Resources: Climate change is leading to scarcer water resources in Afghanistan. Development efforts are struggling to keep up with the challenges. As mountains are the major sources of wa ...
... vulnerable sector followed by forestry and rangeland, agriculture, health, biodiversity, energy and waste. Water Resources: Climate change is leading to scarcer water resources in Afghanistan. Development efforts are struggling to keep up with the challenges. As mountains are the major sources of wa ...
Climate change and human health
... sufficient reduction in greenhouse gas emissions so as to avoid dangerous interference in the climate system. National governments, via the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), are committed in principle to seeking this outcome. In practice, it is proving difficult to find a politicall ...
... sufficient reduction in greenhouse gas emissions so as to avoid dangerous interference in the climate system. National governments, via the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), are committed in principle to seeking this outcome. In practice, it is proving difficult to find a politicall ...
Climate change and human health RISKS AND RESPONSES Editors
... sufficient reduction in greenhouse gas emissions so as to avoid dangerous interference in the climate system. National governments, via the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), are committed in principle to seeking this outcome. In practice, it is proving difficult to find a politicall ...
... sufficient reduction in greenhouse gas emissions so as to avoid dangerous interference in the climate system. National governments, via the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC), are committed in principle to seeking this outcome. In practice, it is proving difficult to find a politicall ...
PDF - iied iied - International Institute for Environment
... part of Phuong mai Peninsula (Climate Change Working Group of Quy Nhon city, 2010). Each of these areas have high concentrations of low-income earners working as farmers and fishermen (Van and Thai, 2011).These areas – with about 70,000 inhabitants in 2012 (Quy Nhon Sub-office of Statistics, 2013) – ...
... part of Phuong mai Peninsula (Climate Change Working Group of Quy Nhon city, 2010). Each of these areas have high concentrations of low-income earners working as farmers and fishermen (Van and Thai, 2011).These areas – with about 70,000 inhabitants in 2012 (Quy Nhon Sub-office of Statistics, 2013) – ...
Finland`s Fifth National Communication under the
... 8.2.1 Major overarching research programmes on climate change. . 218 8.2.2 Climate process and climate system studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 8.2.3 Climatic modelling and prediction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 8.2.4 Research in support of the national greenhouse gas invent ...
... 8.2.1 Major overarching research programmes on climate change. . 218 8.2.2 Climate process and climate system studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 8.2.3 Climatic modelling and prediction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 8.2.4 Research in support of the national greenhouse gas invent ...