Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) rainfall curves, for data series
... Figure 10 IDF curve for the city of Dar Es Salaam (a) and variation of growing factor KT (b). ...
... Figure 10 IDF curve for the city of Dar Es Salaam (a) and variation of growing factor KT (b). ...
Climate change and its impact on the livelihood of farmers and
... climate. Internationally, it is agreed that dangerous climate change is preventable by keeping the global temperature rise within a 2°C limit. Global warming will manifest in varying temperature changes from region to region. For instance, in Africa desertification will rapidly spread. In order to s ...
... climate. Internationally, it is agreed that dangerous climate change is preventable by keeping the global temperature rise within a 2°C limit. Global warming will manifest in varying temperature changes from region to region. For instance, in Africa desertification will rapidly spread. In order to s ...
Climate Change Implications for Marine Fisheries
... stages such as spawning or migration. Increased storm activity under a changing climate will have a significant impact on fishing activity by reducing the number of viable sea fishing days, and damaging shore-based offloading facilities and fishing vessels. Fisheries that are successfully managed to ...
... stages such as spawning or migration. Increased storm activity under a changing climate will have a significant impact on fishing activity by reducing the number of viable sea fishing days, and damaging shore-based offloading facilities and fishing vessels. Fisheries that are successfully managed to ...
Exploring negative territory Carbon dioxide removal and climate
... oceans lags significantly behind our understanding of the terrestrial ecosphere. Of course, atmosphere and oceans are in long term equilibrium, so a large fraction of the CO2 emitted by humans to air ultimately finds its way into the ocean. From a policy perspective another important distinction is ...
... oceans lags significantly behind our understanding of the terrestrial ecosphere. Of course, atmosphere and oceans are in long term equilibrium, so a large fraction of the CO2 emitted by humans to air ultimately finds its way into the ocean. From a policy perspective another important distinction is ...
SECOND-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 10 Do Not Cite
... This chapter discusses the implications of climate change on key economic sectors and services; e.g., economic activity. Other chapters discuss impacts from a physical, chemical, biological, or social perspective. Economic impacts cannot be isolated; and therefore, there are a large number of cross- ...
... This chapter discusses the implications of climate change on key economic sectors and services; e.g., economic activity. Other chapters discuss impacts from a physical, chemical, biological, or social perspective. Economic impacts cannot be isolated; and therefore, there are a large number of cross- ...
CCSM_Feb2006 - UCLA: Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences
... three-fold spread in the current generation of climate models. This is likely due to differing surface albedo parameterizations. ...
... three-fold spread in the current generation of climate models. This is likely due to differing surface albedo parameterizations. ...
Americans` Global Warming Beliefs and Attitudes in April 2013
... natural world. Yet, over the years, there has been considerable confusion within the American public about the level of scientific agreement. In Spring 2013, more Americans believe that “most scientists think global warming is happening” than believe “there is a lot of disagreement among scientists” ...
... natural world. Yet, over the years, there has been considerable confusion within the American public about the level of scientific agreement. In Spring 2013, more Americans believe that “most scientists think global warming is happening” than believe “there is a lot of disagreement among scientists” ...
The importance of glacier and forest change in hydrological climate
... Abstract. Changes in land cover alter the water balance components of a catchment, due to strong interactions between soils, vegetation and the atmosphere. Therefore, hydrological climate impact studies should also integrate scenarios of associated land cover change. To reflect two severe climate-in ...
... Abstract. Changes in land cover alter the water balance components of a catchment, due to strong interactions between soils, vegetation and the atmosphere. Therefore, hydrological climate impact studies should also integrate scenarios of associated land cover change. To reflect two severe climate-in ...
Inequality, communication, and the avoidance of disastrous climate change in a public goods game (opens in new window)
... whether richer nations will go far enough in financing abatement and adaptation for poorer nations (20). Equity concerns over the distribution of emission cuts and associated costs are at the heart of the sustainability of international climate change action (21, 22). Inequality has been studied exte ...
... whether richer nations will go far enough in financing abatement and adaptation for poorer nations (20). Equity concerns over the distribution of emission cuts and associated costs are at the heart of the sustainability of international climate change action (21, 22). Inequality has been studied exte ...
National Park Service - Montana State University
... declines in snowpack, earlier spring snowmelt, and reduced late-summer flows. While projections for future precipitation are less certain, increased precipitation is unlikely to offset increased evapotranspiration associated with even modest warming (e.g., 1–2˚C), particularly during the summer. Con ...
... declines in snowpack, earlier spring snowmelt, and reduced late-summer flows. While projections for future precipitation are less certain, increased precipitation is unlikely to offset increased evapotranspiration associated with even modest warming (e.g., 1–2˚C), particularly during the summer. Con ...
A Review of Climate Change Induced Effects on Avian Prey Species
... in the north (Retrieved from Hilmarsson, 2011). See Appendix for figure key. 5.0 CLIMATE CHANGE IN ICELAND 5.1 General Overview Climate change is occurring more rapidly at higher latitudes (IPCC, 2013). Over the 20th century, the Arctic experienced twice as much warming as the global average, or abo ...
... in the north (Retrieved from Hilmarsson, 2011). See Appendix for figure key. 5.0 CLIMATE CHANGE IN ICELAND 5.1 General Overview Climate change is occurring more rapidly at higher latitudes (IPCC, 2013). Over the 20th century, the Arctic experienced twice as much warming as the global average, or abo ...
gap analysis on adaptation to climate change in central asia
... region is already facing warmer temperatures, a changing hydrology and more extremes— droughts, mudflows, floods, heat waves, windstorms, and forest fires. Rapid economic development and population growth are further increasing the pressure on crucial natural resources worldwide (Nimah, 2006). The C ...
... region is already facing warmer temperatures, a changing hydrology and more extremes— droughts, mudflows, floods, heat waves, windstorms, and forest fires. Rapid economic development and population growth are further increasing the pressure on crucial natural resources worldwide (Nimah, 2006). The C ...
Contribution of oceanic and vegetation feedbacks to Holocene
... Paleoreconstructions reveal significant changes of the monsoon intensity during the Holocene. Around 6000 years before present (6 k) the African as well as the Asian monsoon likely penetrated further inland, implying a wetter climate (e.g. Winkler and Wang, 1993; Kohfeld and Harrison, 2000; Ge et al ...
... Paleoreconstructions reveal significant changes of the monsoon intensity during the Holocene. Around 6000 years before present (6 k) the African as well as the Asian monsoon likely penetrated further inland, implying a wetter climate (e.g. Winkler and Wang, 1993; Kohfeld and Harrison, 2000; Ge et al ...
Coastal habitats shield people and property from sea
... benefits to people15 . But approaches and tools for evaluating the potential role of natural defence mechanisms lag behind those for hardening shorelines15 . Prioritizing ecosystems for conservation or restoration in service of natural hazard reduction requires knowledge of where habitats are most l ...
... benefits to people15 . But approaches and tools for evaluating the potential role of natural defence mechanisms lag behind those for hardening shorelines15 . Prioritizing ecosystems for conservation or restoration in service of natural hazard reduction requires knowledge of where habitats are most l ...
Final CHNEP Vulnerability Assessment.indd
... since the formation of the atmosphere and the presence of water as vapor, liquid, and ice on the surface of the earth. Global temperatures have risen and fallen and changed air chemistry, hydrology, geomorphology, habitats, plant and animal species, sea level, and water temperature and chemistry. Wi ...
... since the formation of the atmosphere and the presence of water as vapor, liquid, and ice on the surface of the earth. Global temperatures have risen and fallen and changed air chemistry, hydrology, geomorphology, habitats, plant and animal species, sea level, and water temperature and chemistry. Wi ...
Climate Change Report (2016)
... important but is difficult to predict. Higher temperatures will favor an increase in C4 over C3 grasses, but higher CO2 concentrations will reduce plant sensitivity to aridity and favor C3 grasses and forbs ...
... important but is difficult to predict. Higher temperatures will favor an increase in C4 over C3 grasses, but higher CO2 concentrations will reduce plant sensitivity to aridity and favor C3 grasses and forbs ...
SECOND-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 24 Do Not Cite
... Warming trends and increasing temperature extremes have been observed across most of the Asian region (high confidence) [24.3]. Increasing trends in annual mean temperatures and numbers of warm days, and a decreasing trend in cold days, have been observed across most of the Asian region, including t ...
... Warming trends and increasing temperature extremes have been observed across most of the Asian region (high confidence) [24.3]. Increasing trends in annual mean temperatures and numbers of warm days, and a decreasing trend in cold days, have been observed across most of the Asian region, including t ...
23-9-E
... The Montreal Protocol is working to protect the ozone layer; this finding has strengthened since the 2006 assessments. There is further evidence that the total abundance of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in the atmosphere continues to decline, even though concentrations of hydrochlorofluorocarbon ...
... The Montreal Protocol is working to protect the ozone layer; this finding has strengthened since the 2006 assessments. There is further evidence that the total abundance of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in the atmosphere continues to decline, even though concentrations of hydrochlorofluorocarbon ...
Climate Change and Population Movement in Pacific Island Countries
... increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are causing the world to become warmer. The increases are the result of emissions of gases from industrial and agricultural processes and energy use, and they have increased considerably in recent decades. In addition to warming tempera ...
... increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are causing the world to become warmer. The increases are the result of emissions of gases from industrial and agricultural processes and energy use, and they have increased considerably in recent decades. In addition to warming tempera ...
EDMUND G. BROWN JR. State of California Attorney General
... the true impacts of its decision to perpetuate this imbalance by stating that it cannot predict where the trip generation would be located. (Responses at 3-86.) We note, however, that many other jurisdictions have carried out VMT evaluations for their general plan update EIRs.6 The City’s summary as ...
... the true impacts of its decision to perpetuate this imbalance by stating that it cannot predict where the trip generation would be located. (Responses at 3-86.) We note, however, that many other jurisdictions have carried out VMT evaluations for their general plan update EIRs.6 The City’s summary as ...
Author`s personal copy - Santa Clara University
... the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) has the authority to reexamine past water allocation decisions and the responsibility to protect the lakes environmental, recreational, and aesthetic values where feasible. Based on examination of public trust resources, flows needed for aqu ...
... the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) has the authority to reexamine past water allocation decisions and the responsibility to protect the lakes environmental, recreational, and aesthetic values where feasible. Based on examination of public trust resources, flows needed for aqu ...
Forests synchronize their growth in contrasting Eurasian regions in
... by enhancing photosynthesis and extending the effective growing period, respectively (4). Conversely, recent warming could increase respiration rates and, together with increasing heat and drought stresses, exert negative impacts on forest productivity (5, 6). Given the uncertainty as to what extent ...
... by enhancing photosynthesis and extending the effective growing period, respectively (4). Conversely, recent warming could increase respiration rates and, together with increasing heat and drought stresses, exert negative impacts on forest productivity (5, 6). Given the uncertainty as to what extent ...
Balance as bias: global warming and the US prestige press
... United States has spent $18 billion on climate research since 1990, three times as much as any other country, and more than Japan and all 15 nations of the EU combined’’ (New York Times, 2001, p. A12). During this time, top climate change scientists from around the globe—comprising the United Nation ...
... United States has spent $18 billion on climate research since 1990, three times as much as any other country, and more than Japan and all 15 nations of the EU combined’’ (New York Times, 2001, p. A12). During this time, top climate change scientists from around the globe—comprising the United Nation ...
decadal climate variability, predictability and prediction
... established, and it is not known what effect initialization has on climate predictions. It is also not clear what predictions should be attempted or how will they be verified. The brevity of most instrumental records furthermore means that even the basic characteristics and mechanisms of decadal var ...
... established, and it is not known what effect initialization has on climate predictions. It is also not clear what predictions should be attempted or how will they be verified. The brevity of most instrumental records furthermore means that even the basic characteristics and mechanisms of decadal var ...
Biodiversity and biomes under climatic change
... functional trait is associated with a model function that determines the costs and benefits associated to living in a certain climate. For example, under limited water availability, plants benefit from increased root growth, which implies, however, that fewer resources are available for other functi ...
... functional trait is associated with a model function that determines the costs and benefits associated to living in a certain climate. For example, under limited water availability, plants benefit from increased root growth, which implies, however, that fewer resources are available for other functi ...